A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra

Recent reassessments of the systematic schemes of Cingulata, mainly based on molecular analyses, point out that its evolutionary history could be more complex than previously believed. An ancient divergence, ca. 45 Ma, was proposed for armadillos, recognizing two large monophyletic groups, Dasypodid...

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Autores principales: Barasoain, Darío Daniel, Tomassini, Rodrigo Leandro, Zurita, Alfredo Eduardo, Montalvo, Claudia Inés, Superina, M.
Formato: Jornada
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Asociación Paleontológica Argentina 2025
Materias:
Cingulata
Late Miocene
Fossil record
Argentine Pampas
Acceso en línea:http://repositorio.unne.edu.ar/handle/123456789/57235
Aporte de:
RIUNNE - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE) de Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
id I48-R184-123456789-57235
record_format dspace
spelling I48-R184-123456789-572352025-08-14T10:24:31Z A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra Barasoain, Darío Daniel Tomassini, Rodrigo Leandro Zurita, Alfredo Eduardo Montalvo, Claudia Inés Superina, M. Cingulata Late Miocene Fossil record Argentine Pampas Recent reassessments of the systematic schemes of Cingulata, mainly based on molecular analyses, point out that its evolutionary history could be more complex than previously believed. An ancient divergence, ca. 45 Ma, was proposed for armadillos, recognizing two large monophyletic groups, Dasypodidae (including Dasypodinae) and Chlamyphoridae (including Euphractinae, Tolypeutinae, and Chlamyphorinae). Extant species included within Chlamyphorinae (fairy armadillos), Chlamyphorus truncatus Harlan, 1825, and Calyptophractus retusus Burmeister, 1863, are among the most bizarre, elusive and unknown mammals of the world, probably due to their strict fossorial behavior. Molecular data suggested the divergence of both species at ca. 17 Ma, coinciding with a marine ingression that could have stimulated cladogenesis. Here we report the first accurate fossil record of this enigmatic subfamily, coming from the Late Miocene (Arroyo Chasicó Formation; ~9 Ma) of the Argentine Pampas (southern Buenos Aires province), which represents a new genus and species. Materials (MMH-CH-87-7-100) include fixed and mobile osteoderms of the dorsal carapace, part of the rump plate, left hemimandible with complete dental series and other postcranial remains. The presence of a rump plate, ornamentation pattern and dental features allow including the fossil specimen within Chlamyphorinae. The size (~40% bigger than the extant species), larger thickness of the osteoderms and morphology of the rump plate, point towards a new taxon. The phylo- genetic analysis carried out reflects the monophyly of the three known chlamyphorines, well supported by several unambiguous synapomorphies, and, in addition, includes the new fossil taxon as a sister group of the two extant species. 2025-08-13T15:32:48Z 2025-08-13T15:32:48Z 2019-05-29 Jornada Barasoain, Darío Daniel, et al., 2019. A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra. En: 33as Jornadas Argentinas de Paleontología de Vertebrados. Ciudad autónoma de Buenos Aires: Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, p. 1-1. 2469-0228 http://repositorio.unne.edu.ar/handle/123456789/57235 spa https://peapaleontologica.org.ar/index.php/peapa/article/view/307 openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/ application/pdf p. 1-1 application/pdf Asociación Paleontológica Argentina
institution Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
institution_str I-48
repository_str R-184
collection RIUNNE - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE)
language Español
topic Cingulata
Late Miocene
Fossil record
Argentine Pampas
spellingShingle Cingulata
Late Miocene
Fossil record
Argentine Pampas
Barasoain, Darío Daniel
Tomassini, Rodrigo Leandro
Zurita, Alfredo Eduardo
Montalvo, Claudia Inés
Superina, M.
A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra
topic_facet Cingulata
Late Miocene
Fossil record
Argentine Pampas
description Recent reassessments of the systematic schemes of Cingulata, mainly based on molecular analyses, point out that its evolutionary history could be more complex than previously believed. An ancient divergence, ca. 45 Ma, was proposed for armadillos, recognizing two large monophyletic groups, Dasypodidae (including Dasypodinae) and Chlamyphoridae (including Euphractinae, Tolypeutinae, and Chlamyphorinae). Extant species included within Chlamyphorinae (fairy armadillos), Chlamyphorus truncatus Harlan, 1825, and Calyptophractus retusus Burmeister, 1863, are among the most bizarre, elusive and unknown mammals of the world, probably due to their strict fossorial behavior. Molecular data suggested the divergence of both species at ca. 17 Ma, coinciding with a marine ingression that could have stimulated cladogenesis. Here we report the first accurate fossil record of this enigmatic subfamily, coming from the Late Miocene (Arroyo Chasicó Formation; ~9 Ma) of the Argentine Pampas (southern Buenos Aires province), which represents a new genus and species. Materials (MMH-CH-87-7-100) include fixed and mobile osteoderms of the dorsal carapace, part of the rump plate, left hemimandible with complete dental series and other postcranial remains. The presence of a rump plate, ornamentation pattern and dental features allow including the fossil specimen within Chlamyphorinae. The size (~40% bigger than the extant species), larger thickness of the osteoderms and morphology of the rump plate, point towards a new taxon. The phylo- genetic analysis carried out reflects the monophyly of the three known chlamyphorines, well supported by several unambiguous synapomorphies, and, in addition, includes the new fossil taxon as a sister group of the two extant species.
format Jornada
author Barasoain, Darío Daniel
Tomassini, Rodrigo Leandro
Zurita, Alfredo Eduardo
Montalvo, Claudia Inés
Superina, M.
author_facet Barasoain, Darío Daniel
Tomassini, Rodrigo Leandro
Zurita, Alfredo Eduardo
Montalvo, Claudia Inés
Superina, M.
author_sort Barasoain, Darío Daniel
title A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra
title_short A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra
title_full A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra
title_fullStr A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra
title_full_unstemmed A new fairy armadillo (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae) from the Late Miocene of Argentine Pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic Xenarthra
title_sort new fairy armadillo (cingulata, chlamyphoridae) from the late miocene of argentine pampas : first fossil record of the most enigmatic xenarthra
publisher Asociación Paleontológica Argentina
publishDate 2025
url http://repositorio.unne.edu.ar/handle/123456789/57235
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