Outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights
This case report describes an outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina. The outbreak occurred after ingestion of pruned, dry plant material, resulting in a mortality rate of 27% (3/11 animals). Affected animals exhibited respiratory distress, tachycardia, mucus discharge f...
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Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
2026
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9287 |
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I48-R154-article-92872026-05-11T18:11:30Z Outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights Brote de intoxicación por Nerium oleander en llamas en Jujuy, Argentina: aspectos clínicos, patológicos y diagnósticos Vera, T.A. Brizuela, E.R Avellaneda-Cáceres, A. Aguirre, L.S. Sandoval, G.V. Medina, D.M. Duport-Romanazzi, N. Ruiz, A.F. Micheloud, J.F. toxic ornamental plants cardiotoxicity camelids plantas ornamentales tóxicas cardiotoxicidad camélidos This case report describes an outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina. The outbreak occurred after ingestion of pruned, dry plant material, resulting in a mortality rate of 27% (3/11 animals). Affected animals exhibited respiratory distress, tachycardia, mucus discharge from the anus, vulva, and nostrils, diarrhea, and acute nonspecific abdominal pain on palpation within 24 hours of ingestion. Deaths occurred within 48 hours of the onset of clinical signs. Necropsy findings included acute pulmonary congestion and edema, linear whitish streaks on the epicardial surface, and subendocardial hemorrhages. Plant fragments were identified in the first and second gastric compartments (C1 and C2). Histopathological examination revealed multifocal cardiomyocyte degeneration and necrosis. These findings are consistent with the well-documented cardiotoxic effects of N. oleander in various animal species. The rapid onset of clinical signs and fatal outcomes in affected animals underscores the high toxicity of this plant. This incident highlights the importance of raising awareness and implementing preventive measures among livestock producers, particularly regarding the presence of toxic ornamental plants in agricultural environments. Se describe un caso de intoxicación por Nerium oleander en llamas en Jujuy-Argentina. El brote ocurrió luego de que los animales consumieran material vegetal podado y resultó en una tasa de mortalidad del 27% (3/11). Los animales afectados presentaron dificultad respiratoria, aumento de la frecuencia cardíaca, descarga mucosa por ano, vulva y narinas, diarrea y dolor agudo e inespecífico abdominal a la palpación dentro de las 24 horas. Las muertes ocurrieron dentro de las 48 horas del inicio de los signos clínicos. Los hallazgos de la necropsia incluyen congestión y edema pulmonar agudo, áreas lineales blanquecinas en la superficie del corazón y hemorragias subendocárdicas, además se identificaron fragmentos de la planta en el primer y segundo compartimento del estómago. El examen histopatológico reveló necrosis y degeneración multifocal de cardiomiocitos, además de hemorragias subendocárdicas. Estos hallazgos son consistentes con los efectos cardiotóxicos de N. oleander, ampliamente documentados en diversas especies animales. La rápida evolución del cuadro y el desenlace fatales en casi todos los animales afectados subrayan la elevada toxicidad de esta planta. Este incidente destaca la necesidad de una mayor concientización y de implementar medidas preventivas entre los productores, especialmente respecto de la presencia de plantas ornamentales tóxicas en entornos agropecuarios. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2026-05-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip text/html https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9287 10.30972/vet.3719287 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 37 (2026); 1-4 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 37 (2026); 1-4 1669-6840 1668-4834 spa https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9287/9176 https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9287/9193 https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9287/9194 https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9287/9195 Derechos de autor 2026 T.A. Vera, E.R Brizuela, A. Avellaneda-Cáceres, L.S. Aguirre, G.V. Sandoval, D.M. Medina, N. Duport-Romanazzi, A.F. Ruiz, J.F. Micheloud https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
| institution |
Universidad Nacional del Nordeste |
| institution_str |
I-48 |
| repository_str |
R-154 |
| container_title_str |
Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE) |
| language |
Español |
| format |
Artículo revista |
| topic |
toxic ornamental plants cardiotoxicity camelids plantas ornamentales tóxicas cardiotoxicidad camélidos |
| spellingShingle |
toxic ornamental plants cardiotoxicity camelids plantas ornamentales tóxicas cardiotoxicidad camélidos Vera, T.A. Brizuela, E.R Avellaneda-Cáceres, A. Aguirre, L.S. Sandoval, G.V. Medina, D.M. Duport-Romanazzi, N. Ruiz, A.F. Micheloud, J.F. Outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights |
| topic_facet |
toxic ornamental plants cardiotoxicity camelids plantas ornamentales tóxicas cardiotoxicidad camélidos |
| author |
Vera, T.A. Brizuela, E.R Avellaneda-Cáceres, A. Aguirre, L.S. Sandoval, G.V. Medina, D.M. Duport-Romanazzi, N. Ruiz, A.F. Micheloud, J.F. |
| author_facet |
Vera, T.A. Brizuela, E.R Avellaneda-Cáceres, A. Aguirre, L.S. Sandoval, G.V. Medina, D.M. Duport-Romanazzi, N. Ruiz, A.F. Micheloud, J.F. |
| author_sort |
Vera, T.A. |
| title |
Outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights |
| title_short |
Outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights |
| title_full |
Outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights |
| title_fullStr |
Outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights |
| title_sort |
outbreak of nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in jujuy, argentina: clinical, pathological, and diagnostic insights |
| description |
This case report describes an outbreak of Nerium oleander poisoning in llamas in Jujuy, Argentina. The outbreak occurred after ingestion of pruned, dry plant material, resulting in a mortality rate of 27% (3/11 animals). Affected animals exhibited respiratory distress, tachycardia, mucus discharge from the anus, vulva, and nostrils, diarrhea, and acute nonspecific abdominal pain on palpation within 24 hours of ingestion. Deaths occurred within 48 hours of the onset of clinical signs. Necropsy findings included acute pulmonary congestion and edema, linear whitish streaks on the epicardial surface, and subendocardial hemorrhages. Plant fragments were identified in the first and second gastric compartments (C1 and C2). Histopathological examination revealed multifocal cardiomyocyte degeneration and necrosis. These findings are consistent with the well-documented cardiotoxic effects of N. oleander in various animal species. The rapid onset of clinical signs and fatal outcomes in affected animals underscores the high toxicity of this plant. This incident highlights the importance of raising awareness and implementing preventive measures among livestock producers, particularly regarding the presence of toxic ornamental plants in agricultural environments. |
| publisher |
Universidad Nacional del Nordeste |
| publishDate |
2026 |
| url |
https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9287 |
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