Relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: A review

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen that affects cloven-hoofed animals and represents a major threat to both animal health and the global livestock economy. This review focuses on the molecular characterization of FMDV, with particular emphasis on virion structure, tr...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:
Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rodríguez Huera, Pamela, Ruiz Medina, Maritza M. D., Martínez Matamoros, David Fabricio
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2026
Materias:
Pathogen
FMDV
genetic variability
VP1
animal health
vaccines
Patógeno
MDV
variabilidad genética
salud animal
vacunas
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9152
Aporte de:
Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE) de Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
id I48-R154-article-9152
record_format ojs
spelling I48-R154-article-91522026-03-30T16:47:23Z Relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: A review Aspectos relevantes en la caracterización y variabilidad genética virus de la fiebre aftosa: una revisión Rodríguez Huera, Pamela Ruiz Medina, Maritza M. D. Martínez Matamoros, David Fabricio Pathogen FMDV genetic variability VP1 animal health vaccines Patógeno MDV variabilidad genética VP1 salud animal vacunas Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen that affects cloven-hoofed animals and represents a major threat to both animal health and the global livestock economy. This review focuses on the molecular characterization of FMDV, with particular emphasis on virion structure, transmission routes, viral genome organization, genetic variability, vaccination strategies, and virus distribution in Ecuador. The high genetic variability of FMVD- mainly associated with the VP1 capsid protein and the lack of proofreading activity of the viral RNA polymerase during replication- favors the emergence of quasispecies, complicating vaccine-based control and hindering virus eradication efforts. Additionally, this review discusses the main molecular tools used for diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance, including RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, and next-generation sequencing (NGS), which enable the identification of serotypes, lineages, and geographic distribution patterns. Finally, the importance of updating vaccination strategies and strengthening genetic surveillance systems is highlighted to improve outbreak containment and enhance the immunogenicity of current vaccines. El virus de la fiebre aftosa (FMDV, por sus siglas en inglés) es un patógeno extremadamente contagioso que afecta a los animales de pezuña hendida y representa una amenaza considerable tanto para la salud animal como para la economía ganadera a nivel global. Este artículo de revisión se centra en la caracterización molecular del FMDV, poniendo especial atención en la estructura del virión, modo de transmisión, el genoma viral y la variabilidad genética, vacunas y distribución del virus en Ecuador. La variabilidad genética otorgada por la proteína viral VP1, y a la falta de mecanismos de corrección de la polimerasa durante la replicación del ARN viral facilita la aparición de cuasi-especies lo cual complica los esfuerzos de control a través de vacunas para la erradicación del virus. También se examinan los principales métodos moleculares utilizados para el diagnóstico y la vigilancia epidemiológica, como la RT-PCR, RT-qPCR y la secuenciación de nueva generación (NGS), que permiten identificar serotipos, linajes y patrones de dispersión geográfica. Por último, es de gran importancia actualizar las estrategias de vacunación y fortalecer los sistemas de monitoreo genético para contener de manera efectiva los brotes y mejorar la inmunogenicidad de las vacunas actuales. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2026-03-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/xml application/epub+zip text/html https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9152 10.30972/vet.3719152 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 37 (2026); 1-11 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 37 (2026); 1-11 1669-6840 1668-4834 spa https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9152/8989 https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9152/9006 https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9152/9007 https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9152/9064 Derechos de autor 2026 Pamela Rodríguez Huera, Maritza M. D. Ruiz Medina, David Fabricio Martínez Matamoros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
institution Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
institution_str I-48
repository_str R-154
container_title_str Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE)
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic Pathogen
FMDV
genetic variability
VP1
animal health
vaccines
Patógeno
MDV
variabilidad genética
VP1
salud animal
vacunas
spellingShingle Pathogen
FMDV
genetic variability
VP1
animal health
vaccines
Patógeno
MDV
variabilidad genética
VP1
salud animal
vacunas
Rodríguez Huera, Pamela
Ruiz Medina, Maritza M. D.
Martínez Matamoros, David Fabricio
Relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: A review
topic_facet Pathogen
FMDV
genetic variability
VP1
animal health
vaccines
Patógeno
MDV
variabilidad genética
VP1
salud animal
vacunas
author Rodríguez Huera, Pamela
Ruiz Medina, Maritza M. D.
Martínez Matamoros, David Fabricio
author_facet Rodríguez Huera, Pamela
Ruiz Medina, Maritza M. D.
Martínez Matamoros, David Fabricio
author_sort Rodríguez Huera, Pamela
title Relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: A review
title_short Relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: A review
title_full Relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: A review
title_fullStr Relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: A review
title_full_unstemmed Relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: A review
title_sort relevant aspects in the characterization and genetic variability of foot-and-mouth disease virus: a review
description Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen that affects cloven-hoofed animals and represents a major threat to both animal health and the global livestock economy. This review focuses on the molecular characterization of FMDV, with particular emphasis on virion structure, transmission routes, viral genome organization, genetic variability, vaccination strategies, and virus distribution in Ecuador. The high genetic variability of FMVD- mainly associated with the VP1 capsid protein and the lack of proofreading activity of the viral RNA polymerase during replication- favors the emergence of quasispecies, complicating vaccine-based control and hindering virus eradication efforts. Additionally, this review discusses the main molecular tools used for diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance, including RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, and next-generation sequencing (NGS), which enable the identification of serotypes, lineages, and geographic distribution patterns. Finally, the importance of updating vaccination strategies and strengthening genetic surveillance systems is highlighted to improve outbreak containment and enhance the immunogenicity of current vaccines.
publisher Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
publishDate 2026
url https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9152
work_keys_str_mv AT rodriguezhuerapamela relevantaspectsinthecharacterizationandgeneticvariabilityoffootandmouthdiseasevirusareview
AT ruizmedinamaritzamd relevantaspectsinthecharacterizationandgeneticvariabilityoffootandmouthdiseasevirusareview
AT martinezmatamorosdavidfabricio relevantaspectsinthecharacterizationandgeneticvariabilityoffootandmouthdiseasevirusareview
AT rodriguezhuerapamela aspectosrelevantesenlacaracterizacionyvariabilidadgeneticavirusdelafiebreaftosaunarevision
AT ruizmedinamaritzamd aspectosrelevantesenlacaracterizacionyvariabilidadgeneticavirusdelafiebreaftosaunarevision
AT martinezmatamorosdavidfabricio aspectosrelevantesenlacaracterizacionyvariabilidadgeneticavirusdelafiebreaftosaunarevision
first_indexed 2026-03-17T05:00:56Z
last_indexed 2026-04-17T05:00:50Z
_version_ 1862692556711657472

Ejemplares similares