Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-D in Piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test

The impact of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on aquatic ecosystems and, particularly, on fish biology has been poorly documented. This study evaluated the potential genotoxic effect of 2,4-D on Piaractus mesopotamicus by analysing chromosomal aberrations in kidney cells. Two te...

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Autores principales: Cowper-Coles, Francisco, Jorge, María Josefa, Jorge, Lilian Cristina
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2026
Materias:
fish
pacu
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
mutagenicity
chromosomal alterations
peces
ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético
mutagenicidad
alteraciones cromosómicas
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9059
Aporte de:
Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE) de Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
id I48-R154-article-9059
record_format ojs
institution Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
institution_str I-48
repository_str R-154
container_title_str Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE)
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic fish
pacu
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
mutagenicity
chromosomal alterations
peces
ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético
mutagenicidad
alteraciones cromosómicas
spellingShingle fish
pacu
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
mutagenicity
chromosomal alterations
peces
ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético
mutagenicidad
alteraciones cromosómicas
Cowper-Coles, Francisco
Jorge, María Josefa
Jorge, Lilian Cristina
Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-D in Piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test
topic_facet fish
pacu
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
mutagenicity
chromosomal alterations
peces
ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético
mutagenicidad
alteraciones cromosómicas
author Cowper-Coles, Francisco
Jorge, María Josefa
Jorge, Lilian Cristina
author_facet Cowper-Coles, Francisco
Jorge, María Josefa
Jorge, Lilian Cristina
author_sort Cowper-Coles, Francisco
title Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-D in Piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test
title_short Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-D in Piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test
title_full Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-D in Piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test
title_fullStr Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-D in Piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-D in Piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test
title_sort evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-d in piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test
description The impact of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on aquatic ecosystems and, particularly, on fish biology has been poorly documented. This study evaluated the potential genotoxic effect of 2,4-D on Piaractus mesopotamicus by analysing chromosomal aberrations in kidney cells. Two tests were conducted with 2,4-D: one using the pure product (P) and the other using a commercial formulation, 2,4-D Amina Sumagro® (FC). In both tests, the fish were divided into a control group (C) and five treated groups (T1 = 1 ppm; T2 = 1.8 ppm; T3 = 3.2 ppm; T4 = 5.6 ppm and T5 = 10 ppm). After a 70-day exposure period, the specimens were sacrificed by overdose of lidocaine hydrochloride, and a total of 1100 mitotic metaphases were analysed. The chromosomal aberrations observed included gaps and breaks, adhesivity, endomitosis and pulverisation. No significant differences were recorded between the treated groups and the controls. However, when considering the equivalent concentrations of the pure and commercial formulations together, a statistically significant difference was observed at 10 ppm compared to the controls. These results suggest that chronic exposure to sublethal concentrations of 2,4-D could induce genotoxic alterations in P. mesopotamicus, especially at high concentrations. Consequently, there is a need to strengthen environmental monitoring and regulation of herbicide use in agricultural systems in order to prevent adverse impacts on aquatic biota.
publisher Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
publishDate 2026
url https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9059
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AT jorgemariajosefa evaluationofthegenotoxiceffectsof24dinpiaractusmesopotamicususingthechromosomalaberrationtest
AT jorgeliliancristina evaluationofthegenotoxiceffectsof24dinpiaractusmesopotamicususingthechromosomalaberrationtest
AT cowpercolesfrancisco evaluaciondelosefectosgenotoxicosdel24denpiaractusmesopotamicusmedianteeltestdeaberracionescromosomicas
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first_indexed 2026-01-17T05:00:45Z
last_indexed 2026-01-17T05:00:45Z
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spelling I48-R154-article-90592026-01-02T16:21:06Z Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of 2,4-D in Piaractus mesopotamicus using the chromosomal aberration test Evaluación de los efectos genotóxicos del 2,4-D en Piaractus mesopotamicus mediante el test de aberraciones cromosómicas Cowper-Coles, Francisco Jorge, María Josefa Jorge, Lilian Cristina fish pacu 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid mutagenicity chromosomal alterations peces ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético mutagenicidad alteraciones cromosómicas The impact of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on aquatic ecosystems and, particularly, on fish biology has been poorly documented. This study evaluated the potential genotoxic effect of 2,4-D on Piaractus mesopotamicus by analysing chromosomal aberrations in kidney cells. Two tests were conducted with 2,4-D: one using the pure product (P) and the other using a commercial formulation, 2,4-D Amina Sumagro® (FC). In both tests, the fish were divided into a control group (C) and five treated groups (T1 = 1 ppm; T2 = 1.8 ppm; T3 = 3.2 ppm; T4 = 5.6 ppm and T5 = 10 ppm). After a 70-day exposure period, the specimens were sacrificed by overdose of lidocaine hydrochloride, and a total of 1100 mitotic metaphases were analysed. The chromosomal aberrations observed included gaps and breaks, adhesivity, endomitosis and pulverisation. No significant differences were recorded between the treated groups and the controls. However, when considering the equivalent concentrations of the pure and commercial formulations together, a statistically significant difference was observed at 10 ppm compared to the controls. These results suggest that chronic exposure to sublethal concentrations of 2,4-D could induce genotoxic alterations in P. mesopotamicus, especially at high concentrations. Consequently, there is a need to strengthen environmental monitoring and regulation of herbicide use in agricultural systems in order to prevent adverse impacts on aquatic biota. El impacto del herbicida 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D) en los ecosistemas acuáticos y, particularmente, en la biología de los peces, ha sido escasamente documentado. En este estudio se evaluó el potencial efecto genotóxico del 2,4-D en Piaractus mesopotamicus mediante el análisis de aberraciones cromosómicas en células renales. Se realizaron dos ensayos con 2,4-D: en uno se utilizó el producto puro (P) y en el otro una formulación comercial, 2,4-D Amina Sumagro® (FC). En ambos ensayos, los peces se distribuyeron en un grupo control (C) y cinco grupos tratados (T1 = 1 ppm; T2 = 1,8 ppm; T3 = 3,2 ppm; T4 = 5,6 ppm y T5 = 10 ppm). Tras un período de exposición de 70 días, los ejemplares fueron sacrificados mediante sobredosis de clorhidrato de lidocaína, y se analizaron un total de 1.100 metafases mitóticas. Las aberraciones cromosómicas observadas incluyeron gaps y quiebras cromosómicas, adhesividad, endomitosis y pulverización. No se registraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos tratados y los controles. Sin embargo, al considerar conjuntamente las concentraciones equivalentes de las formulaciones pura y comercial, se observó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa a 10 ppm en comparación con los controles. Estos resultados sugieren que la exposición crónica a concentraciones subletales de 2,4-D podría inducir alteraciones genotóxicas en P. mesopotamicus, especialmente a concentraciones elevadas. En consecuencia, se destaca la necesidad de fortalecer la vigilancia ambiental y la regulación del uso de herbicidas en sistemas agrícolas, con el fin de prevenir impactos adversos sobre la biota acuática. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2026-01-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9059 10.30972/vet.3719059 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 37 (2026); 1-7 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 37 (2026); 1-7 1669-6840 1668-4834 spa https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9059/8769 Derechos de autor 2026 Francisco Cowper-Coles, María Josefa Jorge, Lilian Cristina Jorge https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

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