The 2023–2024 outbreak of Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease) in Argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved
Aujeszky's disease (AD) was first recorded in Argentina in 1978 and, although it remains endemic in the country’s main pig-producing region, clinical cases have generally been sporadic and mostly confined to low-technology farms. However, in 2023, a technologically advanced finishing farm in so...
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Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
2026
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9049 |
| Aporte de: |
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I48-R154-article-9049 |
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ojs |
| institution |
Universidad Nacional del Nordeste |
| institution_str |
I-48 |
| repository_str |
R-154 |
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Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE) |
| language |
Español |
| format |
Artículo revista |
| topic |
Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Aujeszky's disease viral isolation outbreak molecular characterization swine production Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Enfermedad de Aujeszky aislamiento viral brote caracterización molecular producción porcina |
| spellingShingle |
Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Aujeszky's disease viral isolation outbreak molecular characterization swine production Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Enfermedad de Aujeszky aislamiento viral brote caracterización molecular producción porcina Williman, Macarena Ozaeta, Sofía Cappuccio, Javier Meroi, Lucio Goñi, Diego Colina, Santiago Emanuel Metz, Germán Ernesto Serena, María Echeverría, María Gabriela The 2023–2024 outbreak of Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease) in Argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved |
| topic_facet |
Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Aujeszky's disease viral isolation outbreak molecular characterization swine production Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Enfermedad de Aujeszky aislamiento viral brote caracterización molecular producción porcina |
| author |
Williman, Macarena Ozaeta, Sofía Cappuccio, Javier Meroi, Lucio Goñi, Diego Colina, Santiago Emanuel Metz, Germán Ernesto Serena, María Echeverría, María Gabriela |
| author_facet |
Williman, Macarena Ozaeta, Sofía Cappuccio, Javier Meroi, Lucio Goñi, Diego Colina, Santiago Emanuel Metz, Germán Ernesto Serena, María Echeverría, María Gabriela |
| author_sort |
Williman, Macarena |
| title |
The 2023–2024 outbreak of Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease) in Argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved |
| title_short |
The 2023–2024 outbreak of Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease) in Argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved |
| title_full |
The 2023–2024 outbreak of Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease) in Argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved |
| title_fullStr |
The 2023–2024 outbreak of Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease) in Argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The 2023–2024 outbreak of Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease) in Argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved |
| title_sort |
2023–2024 outbreak of suid alphaherpesvirus 1 (aujeszky's disease) in argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved |
| description |
Aujeszky's disease (AD) was first recorded in Argentina in 1978 and, although it remains endemic in the country’s main pig-producing region, clinical cases have generally been sporadic and mostly confined to low-technology farms. However, in 2023, a technologically advanced finishing farm in southeastern Córdoba, operating under controlled biosecurity conditions and certified AD-free according to SENASA regulations, presented a clinical outbreak that initially manifested with respiratory signs. Similar symptoms subsequently appeared in two additional intensive production farms in the same region, and 60 days after the first respiratory cases, neurological signs were observed in a nearby piglet production unit. Viral strains were isolated from lung and lymph node tissues and confirmed, through molecular characterization, as Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1. During this emergency, vaccination with a gE-deleted attenuated vaccine was implemented. Nevertheless, several months later, respiratory signs reappeared in a nearby finishing facility. PCR molecular analyses were positive for gE, confirming viral circulation and ruling out vaccine reversion. The isolates obtained during this period belonged to genotype I of the Aujeszky´s disease virus, the genotype historically circulating in Argentina. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering with previously reported Argentine strains, indicating ongoing viral circulation in local farms. The outbreak in this region was likely due to deficiencies in biosecurity measures rather than the introduction of a new strain. This study also reports, for the first time, the isolation of the virus from lung and lymph node samples of finishing pigs exhibiting respiratory signs. |
| publisher |
Universidad Nacional del Nordeste |
| publishDate |
2026 |
| url |
https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9049 |
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I48-R154-article-90492026-01-02T16:21:25Z The 2023–2024 outbreak of Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 (Aujeszky's disease) in Argentina: clinical, epidemiological and molecular characteristics of the strains involved Brote 2023-2024 de Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 -Enfermedad de Aujeszky- en Argentina: características clínico-epidemiológicas y moleculares de las cepas actuantes Williman, Macarena Ozaeta, Sofía Cappuccio, Javier Meroi, Lucio Goñi, Diego Colina, Santiago Emanuel Metz, Germán Ernesto Serena, María Echeverría, María Gabriela Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Aujeszky's disease viral isolation outbreak molecular characterization swine production Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Enfermedad de Aujeszky aislamiento viral brote caracterización molecular producción porcina Aujeszky's disease (AD) was first recorded in Argentina in 1978 and, although it remains endemic in the country’s main pig-producing region, clinical cases have generally been sporadic and mostly confined to low-technology farms. However, in 2023, a technologically advanced finishing farm in southeastern Córdoba, operating under controlled biosecurity conditions and certified AD-free according to SENASA regulations, presented a clinical outbreak that initially manifested with respiratory signs. Similar symptoms subsequently appeared in two additional intensive production farms in the same region, and 60 days after the first respiratory cases, neurological signs were observed in a nearby piglet production unit. Viral strains were isolated from lung and lymph node tissues and confirmed, through molecular characterization, as Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1. During this emergency, vaccination with a gE-deleted attenuated vaccine was implemented. Nevertheless, several months later, respiratory signs reappeared in a nearby finishing facility. PCR molecular analyses were positive for gE, confirming viral circulation and ruling out vaccine reversion. The isolates obtained during this period belonged to genotype I of the Aujeszky´s disease virus, the genotype historically circulating in Argentina. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering with previously reported Argentine strains, indicating ongoing viral circulation in local farms. The outbreak in this region was likely due to deficiencies in biosecurity measures rather than the introduction of a new strain. This study also reports, for the first time, the isolation of the virus from lung and lymph node samples of finishing pigs exhibiting respiratory signs. La enfermedad de Aujeszky (EA) fue registrada por primera vez en el año 1978 en Argentina y, si bien es endémica en la zona de mayor producción porcina, los casos clínicos han sido esporádicos y con alta frecuencia en establecimientos poco tecnificados. Sin embargo, en 2023, una granja tecnificada de engorde del sudeste de Córdoba, con medidas de bioseguridad controladas y certificada negativa de EA de acuerdo a la normativa de SENASA, presentó un cuadro clínico que comenzó con signos respiratorios. Estos signos aparecieron posteriormente en otras dos granjas de producción intensiva de esta región y 60 días luego de haberse registrado los primeros signos respiratorios, se observaron signos nerviosos en una cuarta granja cercana (unidad productora de lechones). A partir de tejidos se aislaron cepas virales en pulmón y linfonódulo, confirmado y caracterizado molecularmente como Suid Alphaherpesvirus 1. En esta emergencia se comenzó a vacunar con vacuna atenuada gE deleteada. No obstante, varios meses después se registraron nuevamente signos respiratorios en un sitio de engorde cercano. Los análisis moleculares por PCR resultaron positivos a gE, confirmando circulación viral y descartando una reversión vacunal. Las cepas aisladas en este periodo corresponden al genotipo I del virus de Aujeszky, característico de nuestro país y el análisis filogenético demostró su agrupamiento con cepas previamente reportadas, indicando que el virus circula en las granjas de Argentina. El brote ocurrido en esta región podría deberse a deficiencias en las medidas de bioseguridad, sin introducción de nuevas cepas. Este trabajo reporta además el primer aislamiento viral a partir de muestras de pulmón y linfonódulo de animales de engorde con signos respiratorios. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2026-01-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9049 10.30972/vet.3719049 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 37 (2026); 1-10 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 37 (2026); 1-10 1669-6840 1668-4834 spa https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/9049/8693 Derechos de autor 2026 Macarena Williman, Sofía Ozaeta, Javier Cappuccio, Lucio Meroi, Diego Goñi, Santiago Emanuel Colina, Germán Ernesto Metz, María Serena, María Gabriela Echeverría https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |