High-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in Northwestern Argentina

This study aims to describe two outbreaks of salt poisoning in cattle and buffalo associated with the consumption of high-salinity water in northwestern Argentina. In both cases, elevated salinity in drinking water was associated with high mortality rates. In Santiago del Estero, calves that drank f...

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Autores principales: Avellaneda-Cáceres, Agustín, Medina-Vallejo , Diego Martín Nicolas, Aguirre, Laura S., Sandoval, Gabriela Viriginia, Jeremias Dan, Singh-Ruiz, Francisco, Micheloud
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2025
Materias:
quality water
nervous disease
water deprivation
sodium-chloride poisoning
ruminants
calidad de agua
enfermedades nerviosas
privación de agua
rumiantes
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8206
Aporte de:
Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE) de Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
id I48-R154-article-8206
record_format ojs
spelling I48-R154-article-82062025-08-04T15:09:59Z High-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in Northwestern Argentina Agua con alta salinidad como causa de intoxicación por sal en ganado: dos estudios de caso del Noroeste de Argentina Avellaneda-Cáceres, Agustín Medina-Vallejo , Diego Martín Nicolas Aguirre, Laura S. Sandoval, Gabriela Viriginia Jeremias Dan, Singh-Ruiz Francisco, Micheloud quality water nervous disease water deprivation sodium-chloride poisoning ruminants calidad de agua enfermedades nerviosas privación de agua rumiantes This study aims to describe two outbreaks of salt poisoning in cattle and buffalo associated with the consumption of high-salinity water in northwestern Argentina. In both cases, elevated salinity in drinking water was associated with high mortality rates. In Santiago del Estero, calves that drank from an old well with high salinity experienced a mortality rate of 38%. Similarly, in San Pedro de Jujuy, buffalo and bulls exposed to saline water sources showed mortality rates of 10.8% and 13% mortality rates, respectively. Clinical signs included dehydration, diarrhea, and marked neurological symptoms such as ataxia and seizures. Postmortem examination revealed severe dehydration and mild brain lesions characterized by spongiosis and pseudolaminar necrosis, along with generalized vascular congestion and reactive changes in the capillary walls. Biochemical analyses confirmed elevated sodium concentrations in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), supporting the diagnosis of salt intoxication. Water samples collected from the affected sites revealed total dissolved solids and salt concentrations significantly exceeding safe thresholds, underscoring the critical importance of water quality monitoring to prevent such toxic events in livestock. Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir dos brotes de intoxicación por sal en bovinos y búfalos asociados al consumo de agua de mala calidad en el Noroeste argentino. En ambos casos, se vinculó la elevada salinidad del agua de bebida con altas tasas de mortalidad. En Santiago del Estero, se registró una incidencia del 38% de terneros que consumían agua de un pozo con alto contenido salino. De manera similar, en San Pedro de Jujuy, búfalos y toros expuestos a fuentes de agua salinizada registraron tasas de mortalidad del 10,8% y 13%, respectivamente. Los signos clínicos incluyeron deshidratación, diarrea y síntomas neurológicos marcados, como ataxia y convulsiones. Los hallazgos post mortem revelaron deshidratación severa y lesiones cerebrales leves, consistentes con espongiosis y necrosis pseudolaminar, acompañadas de congestión vascular generalizada y reacción de los capilares. Los análisis bioquímicos confirmaron niveles elevados de sodio en suero y líquido cefalorraquídeo, lo que respaldó el diagnóstico de intoxicación por sal. Las muestras de agua tomadas de los sitios afectados mostraron concentraciones de sólidos disueltos totales y sales muy por encima de los límites seguros, lo que resalta la importancia crítica de la calidad del agua para prevenir este tipo de eventos tóxicos en la producción animal. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2025-08-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8206 10.30972/vet.3628206 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 36 Núm. 2 (2025); 1-5 1669-6840 1668-4834 spa https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8206/8057 Derechos de autor 2025 Agustín Avellaneda-Cáceres, Diego Martín Nicolas Medina-Vallejo , Laura S. Aguirre, Gabriela Viriginia Sandoval, Singh-Ruiz Jeremias Dan, Micheloud Francisco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
institution Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
institution_str I-48
repository_str R-154
container_title_str Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE)
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic quality water
nervous disease
water deprivation
sodium-chloride poisoning
ruminants
calidad de agua
enfermedades nerviosas
privación de agua
rumiantes
spellingShingle quality water
nervous disease
water deprivation
sodium-chloride poisoning
ruminants
calidad de agua
enfermedades nerviosas
privación de agua
rumiantes
Avellaneda-Cáceres, Agustín
Medina-Vallejo , Diego Martín Nicolas
Aguirre, Laura S.
Sandoval, Gabriela Viriginia
Jeremias Dan, Singh-Ruiz
Francisco, Micheloud
High-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in Northwestern Argentina
topic_facet quality water
nervous disease
water deprivation
sodium-chloride poisoning
ruminants
calidad de agua
enfermedades nerviosas
privación de agua
rumiantes
author Avellaneda-Cáceres, Agustín
Medina-Vallejo , Diego Martín Nicolas
Aguirre, Laura S.
Sandoval, Gabriela Viriginia
Jeremias Dan, Singh-Ruiz
Francisco, Micheloud
author_facet Avellaneda-Cáceres, Agustín
Medina-Vallejo , Diego Martín Nicolas
Aguirre, Laura S.
Sandoval, Gabriela Viriginia
Jeremias Dan, Singh-Ruiz
Francisco, Micheloud
author_sort Avellaneda-Cáceres, Agustín
title High-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in Northwestern Argentina
title_short High-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in Northwestern Argentina
title_full High-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in Northwestern Argentina
title_fullStr High-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in Northwestern Argentina
title_full_unstemmed High-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in Northwestern Argentina
title_sort high-salinity water as a cause of salt poisoning in livestock: two case studies in northwestern argentina
description This study aims to describe two outbreaks of salt poisoning in cattle and buffalo associated with the consumption of high-salinity water in northwestern Argentina. In both cases, elevated salinity in drinking water was associated with high mortality rates. In Santiago del Estero, calves that drank from an old well with high salinity experienced a mortality rate of 38%. Similarly, in San Pedro de Jujuy, buffalo and bulls exposed to saline water sources showed mortality rates of 10.8% and 13% mortality rates, respectively. Clinical signs included dehydration, diarrhea, and marked neurological symptoms such as ataxia and seizures. Postmortem examination revealed severe dehydration and mild brain lesions characterized by spongiosis and pseudolaminar necrosis, along with generalized vascular congestion and reactive changes in the capillary walls. Biochemical analyses confirmed elevated sodium concentrations in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), supporting the diagnosis of salt intoxication. Water samples collected from the affected sites revealed total dissolved solids and salt concentrations significantly exceeding safe thresholds, underscoring the critical importance of water quality monitoring to prevent such toxic events in livestock.
publisher Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
publishDate 2025
url https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8206
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first_indexed 2025-08-17T05:01:47Z
last_indexed 2025-08-17T05:01:47Z
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