Bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period
The objective of this study was to evaluate the territorial distribution, incidence rate, and animals at risk of bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador during the 2019-2023 five-year period. A retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on the series of positive cases and th...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
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Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
2025
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8110 |
| Aporte de: |
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I48-R154-article-8110 |
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ojs |
| institution |
Universidad Nacional del Nordeste |
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I-48 |
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R-154 |
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Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE) |
| language |
Español |
| format |
Artículo revista |
| topic |
Brucella abortus risk incidence rate zoonosis epidemiology Brucella abortus riesgo tasa de incidencia zoonosis epidemiología |
| spellingShingle |
Brucella abortus risk incidence rate zoonosis epidemiology Brucella abortus riesgo tasa de incidencia zoonosis epidemiología Carrasco Carrasco, R. U. Reinoso Pérez, M. Sánchez Pila, F. E. Cayambe Padilla, M. A. Montatixe Sánchez, C. I. Carrasco Carrasco, A. L. Bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period |
| topic_facet |
Brucella abortus risk incidence rate zoonosis epidemiology Brucella abortus riesgo tasa de incidencia zoonosis epidemiología |
| author |
Carrasco Carrasco, R. U. Reinoso Pérez, M. Sánchez Pila, F. E. Cayambe Padilla, M. A. Montatixe Sánchez, C. I. Carrasco Carrasco, A. L. |
| author_facet |
Carrasco Carrasco, R. U. Reinoso Pérez, M. Sánchez Pila, F. E. Cayambe Padilla, M. A. Montatixe Sánchez, C. I. Carrasco Carrasco, A. L. |
| author_sort |
Carrasco Carrasco, R. U. |
| title |
Bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period |
| title_short |
Bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period |
| title_full |
Bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period |
| title_fullStr |
Bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period |
| title_sort |
bovine brucellosis in continental ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period |
| description |
The objective of this study was to evaluate the territorial distribution, incidence rate, and animals at risk of bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador during the 2019-2023 five-year period. A retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on the series of positive cases and the bovine population, broken down by months, years, provinces, and regions. The statistical analysis included a multifactorial ANOVA without interaction for the annual mean of positive cases and the incidence rate; the seasonal decomposition of positive cases, equally spaced with a seasonal amplitude of 12 months, and a cluster analysis considering the incidence rate and the relative risk to cluster the provinces into three risk categories: low, medium, and high. The Andean region showed the highest annual average of positive cases, and the highest incidence rate (p<0.0119) compared to the Littoral and Amazon regions. The provinces of Carchi, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas and Pichincha had the highest incidence rates with 118.43, 80.52 and 80.44 cases per 100,000 cattle, respectively. These three provinces, together with El Oro, host the highest number of animals at risk. The provinces of Carchi, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas were grouped in the high-risk cluster with the highest incidence rates and relative risks, suggesting the need for targeted interventions. It is concluded that brucellosis is present in 22 continental provinces, with highly variable incidence rates and number of animals at risk. The observed heterogeneity in the risk of contracting the disease among regions and provinces underscores the need for a comprehensive and multifaceted approach to its management, including epidemiological surveillance, education and training of producers, implementation of good management and biosecurity practices, and the execution of vaccination campaigns. |
| publisher |
Universidad Nacional del Nordeste |
| publishDate |
2025 |
| url |
https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8110 |
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I48-R154-article-81102025-03-06T23:07:10Z Bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador: territorial distribution, incidence rate and risk in the 2019-2023 five-year period Brucelosis bovina en Ecuador continental: distribución territorial, tasa de incidencia y riesgo en el quinquenio 2019-2023 Carrasco Carrasco, R. U. Reinoso Pérez, M. Sánchez Pila, F. E. Cayambe Padilla, M. A. Montatixe Sánchez, C. I. Carrasco Carrasco, A. L. Brucella abortus risk incidence rate zoonosis epidemiology Brucella abortus riesgo tasa de incidencia zoonosis epidemiología The objective of this study was to evaluate the territorial distribution, incidence rate, and animals at risk of bovine brucellosis in continental Ecuador during the 2019-2023 five-year period. A retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on the series of positive cases and the bovine population, broken down by months, years, provinces, and regions. The statistical analysis included a multifactorial ANOVA without interaction for the annual mean of positive cases and the incidence rate; the seasonal decomposition of positive cases, equally spaced with a seasonal amplitude of 12 months, and a cluster analysis considering the incidence rate and the relative risk to cluster the provinces into three risk categories: low, medium, and high. The Andean region showed the highest annual average of positive cases, and the highest incidence rate (p<0.0119) compared to the Littoral and Amazon regions. The provinces of Carchi, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas and Pichincha had the highest incidence rates with 118.43, 80.52 and 80.44 cases per 100,000 cattle, respectively. These three provinces, together with El Oro, host the highest number of animals at risk. The provinces of Carchi, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas were grouped in the high-risk cluster with the highest incidence rates and relative risks, suggesting the need for targeted interventions. It is concluded that brucellosis is present in 22 continental provinces, with highly variable incidence rates and number of animals at risk. The observed heterogeneity in the risk of contracting the disease among regions and provinces underscores the need for a comprehensive and multifaceted approach to its management, including epidemiological surveillance, education and training of producers, implementation of good management and biosecurity practices, and the execution of vaccination campaigns. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la distribución territorial, tasa de incidencia y animales en riesgo de brucelosis bovina en el Ecuador continental, correspondiente al quinquenio 2019-2023. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico retrospectivo descriptivo de la serie de casos positivos y de la población bovina, desglosados por meses, años, provincias y regiones. El análisis estadístico contempló un ANOVA Multifactorial sin interacción para la media anual de casos positivos y la tasa de incidencia; la descomposición estacional de casos positivos, equiespaciados con amplitud estacional de 12 meses, y un análisis de conglomerados considerando la tasa de incidencia y el riesgo relativo para agrupar las provincias en tres categorías de riesgo: bajo, medio y alto. La región Andina evidenció el mayor promedio anual de casos positivos y la mayor tasa de incidencia (p<0,0119) en comparación con las regiones Litoral y Amazónica. Las provincias Carchi, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas y Pichincha presentaron las tasas de incidencia más elevadas con 118,43, 80,52 y 80,44 casos por cada 100.000 bovinos, respectivamente. Estas tres provincias junto a El Oro alojan el mayor número de animales en riesgo. Las provincias Carchi, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Pichincha y Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas se agruparon en el conglomerado de alto riesgo con las más elevadas tasas de incidencia y riesgos relativos, sugiriendo la necesidad de intervenciones focalizadas. Se concluye que la brucelosis está presente en 22 provincias continentales, con tasas de incidencia y cantidad de animales en riesgo muy variables. La heterogeneidad observada en el riesgo de contraer la enfermedad entre las regiones y provincias subraya la necesidad de un enfoque integral y multifacético para su manejo, que incluya la vigilancia epidemiológica, la educación y capacitación de los productores, la implementación de buenas prácticas de manejo y bioseguridad, y la ejecución de campañas de vacunación. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2025-03-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8110 10.30972/vet.3618110 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 36 Núm. 1 (2025); 1-7 1669-6840 1668-4834 spa https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/8110/7686 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |