Review of the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion

Brucellosis is a global chronic zoonotic infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella spp. It causes economic losses in livestock and public health problem. Abortion is the main clinical sign and is the most important vehicle for dissemination and maintenance of the disease. However,...

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Autor principal: Rossetti, C.A.
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2024
Materias:
Tophoblasts
Cytokines
Hormones
Vaccines
Infection models
Trofoblastos
Citoquinas
Hormonas
Vacunas
Modelos de infección
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/7875
Aporte de:
Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE) de Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
id I48-R154-article-7875
record_format ojs
spelling I48-R154-article-78752024-11-01T13:19:27Z Review of the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion Revisión de la patogénesis molecular del aborto por Brucella Rossetti, C.A. Tophoblasts Cytokines Hormones Vaccines Infection models Trofoblastos Citoquinas Hormonas Vacunas Modelos de infección Brucellosis is a global chronic zoonotic infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella spp. It causes economic losses in livestock and public health problem. Abortion is the main clinical sign and is the most important vehicle for dissemination and maintenance of the disease. However, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the abortion is very limited. Brucella spp. shows a special tropism for the pregnant uterus in the last third of the gestation, where it survives and replicates inside the trophoblasts. The high number of bacteria within trophoblasts induces apoptosis of infected cells due to endoplasmic reticulum stress. The massive destruction of trophoblasts leads to fibrino-necrotic placentitis, which prevents nutritional and gas exchange between the mother and the fetus. Interruption of pregnancy occurs when healthy placentomes are not sufficient to maintain the gestation. The interaction between Brucella and trophoblasts has not been studied in detail, and many scenarios of this interaction are inferred from observations in other cells. This article discusses the Brucella virulence factors that are part of the adhesion, invasion and intratrophoblastic replication of the bacteria, and the local consequences that occur, together with the preventive action of the vaccines on the abortion. Finally, several available in vivo and ex vivo models of study that have not been fully explored and that could help obtain more information about the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion are presented. La brucelosis es una enfermedad infecciosa crónica, zoonótica, de amplia distribución mundial causada por bacterias del género Brucella spp. En las especies animales susceptibles, el principal y muchas veces único signo clínico es el aborto. El aborto, además de producir pérdidas económicas en las explotaciones pecuarias, es el elemento más importante para que la enfermedad se disemine y perpetúe, generando también problemas en la salud pública. Sin embargo, es muy poco lo que se conoce acerca de los mecanismos moleculares que lo ocasionan. Brucella spp. muestra un especial tropismo por el útero gestante en el último tercio de la preñez, donde sobrevive y se reproduce en el interior de los trofoblastos. El alto número de bacterias dentro de los trofoblastos desencadena la apoptosis de las células infectadas por estrés del retículo endoplásmico. La destrucción masiva de trofoblastos resulta en una placentitis fibrino-necrótica, que dificulta el intercambio nutricional y gaseoso entre la madre y el feto, y la interrupción de la gestación se produce cuando los placentomas sobrevivientes no son suficientes para mantener activa la gestación. La interacción de Brucella con los trofoblastos no se ha estudiado en detalle, y muchos eventos de esa interacción, se infieren a partir de las observaciones en otros tipos celulares. En este artículo se describen los factores de virulencia de Brucella que intervienen en la adherencia, invasión y replicación intratrofoblástica de la bacteria, y las consecuencias locales que desencadena, y se discute la acción preventiva de la vacunación sobre el aborto. Finalmente se muestran varios modelos de estudio in vitro o ex vivo disponibles que no han sido explotados y que podrían brindar mayores datos sobre la patogenia molecular del aborto por Brucella. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste 2024-11-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/7875 10.30972/vet.3527875 Revista Veterinaria; Vol. 35 Núm. 2 (2024); 114-125 1669-6840 1668-4834 spa https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/7875/7396 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
institution Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
institution_str I-48
repository_str R-154
container_title_str Revistas UNNE - Universidad Nacional del Noroeste (UNNE)
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic Tophoblasts
Cytokines
Hormones
Vaccines
Infection models
Trofoblastos
Citoquinas
Hormonas
Vacunas
Modelos de infección
spellingShingle Tophoblasts
Cytokines
Hormones
Vaccines
Infection models
Trofoblastos
Citoquinas
Hormonas
Vacunas
Modelos de infección
Rossetti, C.A.
Review of the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion
topic_facet Tophoblasts
Cytokines
Hormones
Vaccines
Infection models
Trofoblastos
Citoquinas
Hormonas
Vacunas
Modelos de infección
author Rossetti, C.A.
author_facet Rossetti, C.A.
author_sort Rossetti, C.A.
title Review of the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion
title_short Review of the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion
title_full Review of the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion
title_fullStr Review of the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion
title_full_unstemmed Review of the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion
title_sort review of the molecular pathogenesis of brucella abortion
description Brucellosis is a global chronic zoonotic infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella spp. It causes economic losses in livestock and public health problem. Abortion is the main clinical sign and is the most important vehicle for dissemination and maintenance of the disease. However, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the abortion is very limited. Brucella spp. shows a special tropism for the pregnant uterus in the last third of the gestation, where it survives and replicates inside the trophoblasts. The high number of bacteria within trophoblasts induces apoptosis of infected cells due to endoplasmic reticulum stress. The massive destruction of trophoblasts leads to fibrino-necrotic placentitis, which prevents nutritional and gas exchange between the mother and the fetus. Interruption of pregnancy occurs when healthy placentomes are not sufficient to maintain the gestation. The interaction between Brucella and trophoblasts has not been studied in detail, and many scenarios of this interaction are inferred from observations in other cells. This article discusses the Brucella virulence factors that are part of the adhesion, invasion and intratrophoblastic replication of the bacteria, and the local consequences that occur, together with the preventive action of the vaccines on the abortion. Finally, several available in vivo and ex vivo models of study that have not been fully explored and that could help obtain more information about the molecular pathogenesis of Brucella abortion are presented.
publisher Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
publishDate 2024
url https://revistas.unne.edu.ar/index.php/vet/article/view/7875
work_keys_str_mv AT rossettica reviewofthemolecularpathogenesisofbrucellaabortion
AT rossettica revisiondelapatogenesismoleculardelabortoporbrucella
first_indexed 2025-05-17T05:10:35Z
last_indexed 2025-05-17T05:10:35Z
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