Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaranímaize landraces: Relationship among South American maize
In Argentina there are two different centers of maize diversity, the Northeastern (NEA) and the Northwestern (NWA) regions of the country. In NEA, morphological studies identified 15 landraces cultivated by the Guaraní communities in Misiones Province. In the present study we analyzed the karyotype...
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todo:paper_19326203_v13_n6_p_Realini2023-10-03T16:34:58Z Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaranímaize landraces: Relationship among South American maize Realini, M.F. Poggio, L. Hernández, J.C. González, G.E. article autosome chromosome analysis germplasm human human cell karyotype landrace maize nonhuman sequence analysis South America Argentina classification comparative study fluorescence in situ hybridization genetic variation genetics karyotyping maize molecular evolution phylogeny plant chromosome procedures Argentina Chromosomes, Plant Evolution, Molecular Genetic Variation In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Karyotyping Phylogeny South America Zea mays In Argentina there are two different centers of maize diversity, the Northeastern (NEA) and the Northwestern (NWA) regions of the country. In NEA, morphological studies identified 15 landraces cultivated by the Guaraní communities in Misiones Province. In the present study we analyzed the karyotype diversity of 20 populations of Guaraní maize landraces through classical and molecular cytogenetic analyses. Our results demonstrate significant intra and inter-populational variation in the percentage, number, size, chromosome position and frequencies of the heterochromatic blocks, which are called knobs. Knob sequence analysis (180-bp and TR-1) did not show significant differences among Guaraní populations. B chromosomes were not detected, and abnormal 10 (AB10) chromosomes were found with low frequency (0.1f 0.40) in six populations. Our results allowed karyotypic characterization of each analyzed population, defining for the first time the chromosomal constitution of maize germplasm from NEA. The multivariate analysis (PCoA and UPGMA) of karyotype parameters allowed the distinction between two populations groups: the Popcorn and the Floury maize populations. These results are in agreement with previously published microsatellite and morphological/phenological studies. Finally, we compared our karyotype results with those previously reported for NWA and Central Region of South America maize. Our data suggest that there are important differences between maize from NEA and NWA at the karyotype level, supporting the hypothesis that there are two pathways of input of South America maize. Our results also confirm the existence of two centers of diversification of Argentinian native maize, NWA and NEA. This work contributes new knowledge about maize diversity, which is relevant for future plans to improve commercial maize, and for conservation of agrobiodiversity. © 2018 Realini et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_19326203_v13_n6_p_Realini |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
article autosome chromosome analysis germplasm human human cell karyotype landrace maize nonhuman sequence analysis South America Argentina classification comparative study fluorescence in situ hybridization genetic variation genetics karyotyping maize molecular evolution phylogeny plant chromosome procedures Argentina Chromosomes, Plant Evolution, Molecular Genetic Variation In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Karyotyping Phylogeny South America Zea mays |
| spellingShingle |
article autosome chromosome analysis germplasm human human cell karyotype landrace maize nonhuman sequence analysis South America Argentina classification comparative study fluorescence in situ hybridization genetic variation genetics karyotyping maize molecular evolution phylogeny plant chromosome procedures Argentina Chromosomes, Plant Evolution, Molecular Genetic Variation In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Karyotyping Phylogeny South America Zea mays Realini, M.F. Poggio, L. Hernández, J.C. González, G.E. Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaranímaize landraces: Relationship among South American maize |
| topic_facet |
article autosome chromosome analysis germplasm human human cell karyotype landrace maize nonhuman sequence analysis South America Argentina classification comparative study fluorescence in situ hybridization genetic variation genetics karyotyping maize molecular evolution phylogeny plant chromosome procedures Argentina Chromosomes, Plant Evolution, Molecular Genetic Variation In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Karyotyping Phylogeny South America Zea mays |
| description |
In Argentina there are two different centers of maize diversity, the Northeastern (NEA) and the Northwestern (NWA) regions of the country. In NEA, morphological studies identified 15 landraces cultivated by the Guaraní communities in Misiones Province. In the present study we analyzed the karyotype diversity of 20 populations of Guaraní maize landraces through classical and molecular cytogenetic analyses. Our results demonstrate significant intra and inter-populational variation in the percentage, number, size, chromosome position and frequencies of the heterochromatic blocks, which are called knobs. Knob sequence analysis (180-bp and TR-1) did not show significant differences among Guaraní populations. B chromosomes were not detected, and abnormal 10 (AB10) chromosomes were found with low frequency (0.1f 0.40) in six populations. Our results allowed karyotypic characterization of each analyzed population, defining for the first time the chromosomal constitution of maize germplasm from NEA. The multivariate analysis (PCoA and UPGMA) of karyotype parameters allowed the distinction between two populations groups: the Popcorn and the Floury maize populations. These results are in agreement with previously published microsatellite and morphological/phenological studies. Finally, we compared our karyotype results with those previously reported for NWA and Central Region of South America maize. Our data suggest that there are important differences between maize from NEA and NWA at the karyotype level, supporting the hypothesis that there are two pathways of input of South America maize. Our results also confirm the existence of two centers of diversification of Argentinian native maize, NWA and NEA. This work contributes new knowledge about maize diversity, which is relevant for future plans to improve commercial maize, and for conservation of agrobiodiversity. © 2018 Realini et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Realini, M.F. Poggio, L. Hernández, J.C. González, G.E. |
| author_facet |
Realini, M.F. Poggio, L. Hernández, J.C. González, G.E. |
| author_sort |
Realini, M.F. |
| title |
Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaranímaize landraces: Relationship among South American maize |
| title_short |
Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaranímaize landraces: Relationship among South American maize |
| title_full |
Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaranímaize landraces: Relationship among South American maize |
| title_fullStr |
Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaranímaize landraces: Relationship among South American maize |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Exploring karyotype diversity of Argentinian Guaranímaize landraces: Relationship among South American maize |
| title_sort |
exploring karyotype diversity of argentinian guaranímaize landraces: relationship among south american maize |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_19326203_v13_n6_p_Realini |
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