Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution

There is a wealth of evidence showing that increasing the distance between an argument and its head leads to more processing effort, namely, locality effects; these are usually associated with constraints in working memory (DLT: Gibson, 2000; activation-based model: Lewis and Vasishth, 2005). In SOV...

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Autores principales:	Nicenboim, B., Vasishth, S., Gattei, C., Sigman, M., Kliegl, R.
Formato:	JOUR
Materias:	Activation Antilocality DLT Expectation Individual differences Locality Spanish Working memory capacity
Acceso en línea:	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16641078_v6_nMAR_p_Nicenboim
Aporte de:	Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires

id	todo:paper_16641078_v6_nMAR_p_Nicenboim
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spelling	todo:paper_16641078_v6_nMAR_p_Nicenboim2023-10-03T16:29:01Z Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution Nicenboim, B. Vasishth, S. Gattei, C. Sigman, M. Kliegl, R. Activation Antilocality DLT Expectation Individual differences Locality Spanish Working memory capacity There is a wealth of evidence showing that increasing the distance between an argument and its head leads to more processing effort, namely, locality effects; these are usually associated with constraints in working memory (DLT: Gibson, 2000; activation-based model: Lewis and Vasishth, 2005). In SOV languages, however, the opposite effect has been found: antilocality (see discussion in Levy et al., 2013). Antilocality effects can be explained by the expectation-based approach as proposed by Levy (2008) or by the activation-based model of sentence processing as proposed by Lewis and Vasishth (2005). We report an eye-tracking and a self-paced reading study with sentences in Spanish together with measures of individual differences to examine the distinction between expectation- and memory-based accounts, and within memory-based accounts the further distinction between DLT and the activation-based model. The experiments show that (i) antilocality effects as predicted by the expectation account appear only for high-capacity readers; (ii) increasing dependency length by interposing material that modifies the head of the dependency (the verb) produces stronger facilitation than increasing dependency length with material that does not modify the head; this is in agreement with the activation-based model but not with the expectation account; and (iii) a possible outcome of memory load on low-capacity readers is the increase in regressive saccades (locality effects as predicted by memory-based accounts) or, surprisingly, a speedup in the self-paced reading task; the latter consistent with good-enough parsing (Ferreira et al., 2002). In sum, the study suggests that individual differences in working memory capacity play a role in dependency resolution, and that some of the aspects of dependency resolution can be best explained with the activation-based model together with a prediction component. © 2015 Nicenboim, Vasishth, Gattei, Sigman and Kliegl. Fil:Sigman, M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16641078_v6_nMAR_p_Nicenboim
institution	Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str	I-28
repository_str	R-134
collection	Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
topic	Activation Antilocality DLT Expectation Individual differences Locality Spanish Working memory capacity
spellingShingle	Activation Antilocality DLT Expectation Individual differences Locality Spanish Working memory capacity Nicenboim, B. Vasishth, S. Gattei, C. Sigman, M. Kliegl, R. Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution
topic_facet	Activation Antilocality DLT Expectation Individual differences Locality Spanish Working memory capacity
description	There is a wealth of evidence showing that increasing the distance between an argument and its head leads to more processing effort, namely, locality effects; these are usually associated with constraints in working memory (DLT: Gibson, 2000; activation-based model: Lewis and Vasishth, 2005). In SOV languages, however, the opposite effect has been found: antilocality (see discussion in Levy et al., 2013). Antilocality effects can be explained by the expectation-based approach as proposed by Levy (2008) or by the activation-based model of sentence processing as proposed by Lewis and Vasishth (2005). We report an eye-tracking and a self-paced reading study with sentences in Spanish together with measures of individual differences to examine the distinction between expectation- and memory-based accounts, and within memory-based accounts the further distinction between DLT and the activation-based model. The experiments show that (i) antilocality effects as predicted by the expectation account appear only for high-capacity readers; (ii) increasing dependency length by interposing material that modifies the head of the dependency (the verb) produces stronger facilitation than increasing dependency length with material that does not modify the head; this is in agreement with the activation-based model but not with the expectation account; and (iii) a possible outcome of memory load on low-capacity readers is the increase in regressive saccades (locality effects as predicted by memory-based accounts) or, surprisingly, a speedup in the self-paced reading task; the latter consistent with good-enough parsing (Ferreira et al., 2002). In sum, the study suggests that individual differences in working memory capacity play a role in dependency resolution, and that some of the aspects of dependency resolution can be best explained with the activation-based model together with a prediction component. © 2015 Nicenboim, Vasishth, Gattei, Sigman and Kliegl.
format	JOUR
author	Nicenboim, B. Vasishth, S. Gattei, C. Sigman, M. Kliegl, R.
author_facet	Nicenboim, B. Vasishth, S. Gattei, C. Sigman, M. Kliegl, R.
author_sort	Nicenboim, B.
title	Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution
title_short	Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution
title_full	Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution
title_fullStr	Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution
title_full_unstemmed	Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution
title_sort	working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution
url	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16641078_v6_nMAR_p_Nicenboim
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Working memory differences in long-distance dependency resolution

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