Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)

Archaeological samples are complex in composition since they generally comprise a mixture of materials submitted to deterioration factors largely dependent on the environmental conditions. Therefore, the integration of analytical tools such as TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS can maximize the amount of informa...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Vázquez, C., Maier, M.S., Parera, S.D., Yacobaccio, H., Solá, P.
Formato:	JOUR
Materias:	FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae
Acceso en línea:	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez
Aporte de:	Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires

id	todo:paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez
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spelling	todo:paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez2023-10-03T16:28:31Z Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina) Vázquez, C. Maier, M.S. Parera, S.D. Yacobaccio, H. Solá, P. FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Prehistoric rock art Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae Archaeological samples are complex in composition since they generally comprise a mixture of materials submitted to deterioration factors largely dependent on the environmental conditions. Therefore, the integration of analytical tools such as TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS can maximize the amount of information provided by the sample. Recently, two black rock art samples of camelid figures at Alero Hornillos 2, an archaeological site located near the town of Susques (Jujuy Province, Argentina), were investigated. TXRF, selected for inorganic information, showed the presence of manganese and iron among other elements, consistent with an iron and manganese oxide as the black pigment. Aiming at the detection of any residual organic compounds, the samples were extracted with a chloroform-methanol mixture and the extracts were analyzed by FT-IR, showing the presence of bands attributable to lipids. Analysis by GC-MS of the carboxylic acid methyl esters prepared from the sample extracts, indicated that the main organic constituents were saturated (C16:0 and C18:0) fatty acids in relative abundance characteristic of degraded animal fat. The presence of minor C15:0 and C17:0 fatty acids and branched-chain iso-C16:0 pointed to a ruminant animal source. © 2008 Springer-Verlag. Fil:Vázquez, C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Maier, M.S. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Solá, P. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez
institution	Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str	I-28
repository_str	R-134
collection	Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
topic	FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Prehistoric rock art Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae
spellingShingle	FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Prehistoric rock art Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae Vázquez, C. Maier, M.S. Parera, S.D. Yacobaccio, H. Solá, P. Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)
topic_facet	FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Prehistoric rock art Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae
description	Archaeological samples are complex in composition since they generally comprise a mixture of materials submitted to deterioration factors largely dependent on the environmental conditions. Therefore, the integration of analytical tools such as TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS can maximize the amount of information provided by the sample. Recently, two black rock art samples of camelid figures at Alero Hornillos 2, an archaeological site located near the town of Susques (Jujuy Province, Argentina), were investigated. TXRF, selected for inorganic information, showed the presence of manganese and iron among other elements, consistent with an iron and manganese oxide as the black pigment. Aiming at the detection of any residual organic compounds, the samples were extracted with a chloroform-methanol mixture and the extracts were analyzed by FT-IR, showing the presence of bands attributable to lipids. Analysis by GC-MS of the carboxylic acid methyl esters prepared from the sample extracts, indicated that the main organic constituents were saturated (C16:0 and C18:0) fatty acids in relative abundance characteristic of degraded animal fat. The presence of minor C15:0 and C17:0 fatty acids and branched-chain iso-C16:0 pointed to a ruminant animal source. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.
format	JOUR
author	Vázquez, C. Maier, M.S. Parera, S.D. Yacobaccio, H. Solá, P.
author_facet	Vázquez, C. Maier, M.S. Parera, S.D. Yacobaccio, H. Solá, P.
author_sort	Vázquez, C.
title	Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)
title_short	Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)
title_full	Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)
title_fullStr	Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)
title_full_unstemmed	Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)
title_sort	combining txrf, ft-ir and gc-ms information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from alero hornillos 2 (jujuy, argentina)
url	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez
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Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)

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