Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays
The imazethapyr herbicide (formulation Verosil ® ) was evaluated for phytotoxicity and genotoxicity using a battery of bioassays: (1) the growth inhibition of the green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, (2) the root growth and germination of the higher plant Lactuca sativa, (3) the genetic damag...
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todo:paper_09441344_v22_n23_p19194_Magdaleno2023-10-03T15:49:04Z Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays Magdaleno, A. Peralta Gavensky, M. Fassiano, A.V. Ríos de Molina, M.C. Santos, M. March, H. Moretton, J. Juárez, Á.B. Allium cepa Ames test Genotoxicity Imazethapyr Lactuca sativa Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata Toxicity bioassay chromosome concentration (composition) environmental risk genotoxicity germination green alga growth response herb imazethapyr inhibition leafy vegetable phytotoxicity Allium cepa Chlorophyta Embryophyta Lactuca Lactuca sativa Salmonella typhimurium Selenastrum capricornutum herbicide imazethapyr mutagenic agent nicotinic acid derivative water pollutant bioassay chromosome aberration DNA damage drug effects genetics green alga growth, development and aging lettuce microbial sensitivity test micronucleus test mitosis mitosis index onion plant root Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium toxicity water pollutant Biological Assay Chlorophyta Chromosome Aberrations DNA Damage Herbicides Lettuce Microbial Sensitivity Tests Micronucleus Tests Mitosis Mitotic Index Mutagens Nicotinic Acids Onions Plant Roots Salmonella typhimurium Water Pollutants, Chemical The imazethapyr herbicide (formulation Verosil ® ) was evaluated for phytotoxicity and genotoxicity using a battery of bioassays: (1) the growth inhibition of the green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, (2) the root growth and germination of the higher plant Lactuca sativa, (3) the genetic damage using the Salmonella/microsome test, and (4) the aneugenic and clastogenic effects on Allium cepa. The Verosil ® formulation was highly toxic to the non-target green alga (median effective concentration (EC50) = 1.05 ± 0.05 mg active ingredient (a.i.) L −1 ), and concentrations above 10 mg a.i. L −1 inhibited root elongation in lettuce: relative growth index (RGI) between 0.28 ± 0.01 and 0.66 ± 0.10. No genotoxic effect was observed in Salmonella typhimurium at 100 mg a.i. L −1 , either with or without the microsomal fraction. However, significant differences in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in anaphases and telophases (bridges, chromosome fragments, and vagrants) were observed in A. cepa at concentrations between 0.01 and 1 mg a.i. L −1 with respect to the control. The frequencies of micronuclei showed significant differences with respect to the control at concentrations between 0.001 and 0.1 mg a.i. L −1 . A very high mitotic index (MI = 93.8 ± 5.8) was observed associated with a high number of cells in the prophase stage at 100 mg a.i. L −1 , indicating cytotoxicity. These results showed that imazethapyr is toxic to the non-target populations in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This herbicide might also exert clastogenic and aneugenic mitotic damage in higher plants. Therefore, the imazethapyr formulation may constitute an environmental risk to plants. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Fil:Magdaleno, A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Fassiano, A.V. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Ríos de Molina, M.C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Juárez, Á.B. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_09441344_v22_n23_p19194_Magdaleno |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
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Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
Allium cepa Ames test Genotoxicity Imazethapyr Lactuca sativa Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata Toxicity bioassay chromosome concentration (composition) environmental risk genotoxicity germination green alga growth response herb imazethapyr inhibition leafy vegetable phytotoxicity Allium cepa Chlorophyta Embryophyta Lactuca Lactuca sativa Salmonella typhimurium Selenastrum capricornutum herbicide imazethapyr mutagenic agent nicotinic acid derivative water pollutant bioassay chromosome aberration DNA damage drug effects genetics green alga growth, development and aging lettuce microbial sensitivity test micronucleus test mitosis mitosis index onion plant root Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium toxicity water pollutant Biological Assay Chlorophyta Chromosome Aberrations DNA Damage Herbicides Lettuce Microbial Sensitivity Tests Micronucleus Tests Mitosis Mitotic Index Mutagens Nicotinic Acids Onions Plant Roots Salmonella typhimurium Water Pollutants, Chemical |
| spellingShingle |
Allium cepa Ames test Genotoxicity Imazethapyr Lactuca sativa Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata Toxicity bioassay chromosome concentration (composition) environmental risk genotoxicity germination green alga growth response herb imazethapyr inhibition leafy vegetable phytotoxicity Allium cepa Chlorophyta Embryophyta Lactuca Lactuca sativa Salmonella typhimurium Selenastrum capricornutum herbicide imazethapyr mutagenic agent nicotinic acid derivative water pollutant bioassay chromosome aberration DNA damage drug effects genetics green alga growth, development and aging lettuce microbial sensitivity test micronucleus test mitosis mitosis index onion plant root Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium toxicity water pollutant Biological Assay Chlorophyta Chromosome Aberrations DNA Damage Herbicides Lettuce Microbial Sensitivity Tests Micronucleus Tests Mitosis Mitotic Index Mutagens Nicotinic Acids Onions Plant Roots Salmonella typhimurium Water Pollutants, Chemical Magdaleno, A. Peralta Gavensky, M. Fassiano, A.V. Ríos de Molina, M.C. Santos, M. March, H. Moretton, J. Juárez, Á.B. Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays |
| topic_facet |
Allium cepa Ames test Genotoxicity Imazethapyr Lactuca sativa Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata Toxicity bioassay chromosome concentration (composition) environmental risk genotoxicity germination green alga growth response herb imazethapyr inhibition leafy vegetable phytotoxicity Allium cepa Chlorophyta Embryophyta Lactuca Lactuca sativa Salmonella typhimurium Selenastrum capricornutum herbicide imazethapyr mutagenic agent nicotinic acid derivative water pollutant bioassay chromosome aberration DNA damage drug effects genetics green alga growth, development and aging lettuce microbial sensitivity test micronucleus test mitosis mitosis index onion plant root Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium toxicity water pollutant Biological Assay Chlorophyta Chromosome Aberrations DNA Damage Herbicides Lettuce Microbial Sensitivity Tests Micronucleus Tests Mitosis Mitotic Index Mutagens Nicotinic Acids Onions Plant Roots Salmonella typhimurium Water Pollutants, Chemical |
| description |
The imazethapyr herbicide (formulation Verosil ® ) was evaluated for phytotoxicity and genotoxicity using a battery of bioassays: (1) the growth inhibition of the green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, (2) the root growth and germination of the higher plant Lactuca sativa, (3) the genetic damage using the Salmonella/microsome test, and (4) the aneugenic and clastogenic effects on Allium cepa. The Verosil ® formulation was highly toxic to the non-target green alga (median effective concentration (EC50) = 1.05 ± 0.05 mg active ingredient (a.i.) L −1 ), and concentrations above 10 mg a.i. L −1 inhibited root elongation in lettuce: relative growth index (RGI) between 0.28 ± 0.01 and 0.66 ± 0.10. No genotoxic effect was observed in Salmonella typhimurium at 100 mg a.i. L −1 , either with or without the microsomal fraction. However, significant differences in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in anaphases and telophases (bridges, chromosome fragments, and vagrants) were observed in A. cepa at concentrations between 0.01 and 1 mg a.i. L −1 with respect to the control. The frequencies of micronuclei showed significant differences with respect to the control at concentrations between 0.001 and 0.1 mg a.i. L −1 . A very high mitotic index (MI = 93.8 ± 5.8) was observed associated with a high number of cells in the prophase stage at 100 mg a.i. L −1 , indicating cytotoxicity. These results showed that imazethapyr is toxic to the non-target populations in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This herbicide might also exert clastogenic and aneugenic mitotic damage in higher plants. Therefore, the imazethapyr formulation may constitute an environmental risk to plants. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Magdaleno, A. Peralta Gavensky, M. Fassiano, A.V. Ríos de Molina, M.C. Santos, M. March, H. Moretton, J. Juárez, Á.B. |
| author_facet |
Magdaleno, A. Peralta Gavensky, M. Fassiano, A.V. Ríos de Molina, M.C. Santos, M. March, H. Moretton, J. Juárez, Á.B. |
| author_sort |
Magdaleno, A. |
| title |
Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays |
| title_short |
Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays |
| title_full |
Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays |
| title_fullStr |
Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays |
| title_sort |
phytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of imazethapyr herbicide using a battery of bioassays |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_09441344_v22_n23_p19194_Magdaleno |
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