Permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat
Experimental models and clinical data indicate that the incidence of motor and learning disorders may be increased in children of epileptic mothers taking phenytoin (PHT) during pregnancy. There is little data on the vulnerability of infants to PHT-induced long-term behavioral toxicity after gestati...
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todo:paper_08920362_v27_n2_p299_Wolansky2023-10-03T15:41:29Z Permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat Wolansky, M.J. Azcurra, J.M. Behavioral teratology Infancy Phenytoin phenytoin sodium chloride animal behavior animal experiment article behavior teratology circling behavior controlled study female gestation period gestational age learning disorder motor activity neurotoxicity nonhuman perinatal drug exposure postnatal growth prenatal drug exposure priority journal progeny rat reinforcement reward Experimental models and clinical data indicate that the incidence of motor and learning disorders may be increased in children of epileptic mothers taking phenytoin (PHT) during pregnancy. There is little data on the vulnerability of infants to PHT-induced long-term behavioral toxicity after gestational or early life exposure (i.e., infantile convulsion therapy). We examined the persistence of alterations in circling behavior induced by exposure to PHT during gestation, infancy, or both. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected IP with saline (SAL) or PHT (30 mg/kg/day) during gestational days (GD) 10-18. The offspring were then administered (IP) SAL or PHT (60 mg/kg/day) during postnatal days (PD) 13-23. Afterward, Circling Training tests were performed at three time points. At PD40 and PD80, the clockwise direction of circling was reinforced. At PD150, counterclockwise circling was rewarded instead. At PD40, all PHT-treated groups demonstrated increased circling velocities compared to saline-treated controls. Higher spatial error rates for direction of circling were also observed in gestation-only and infancy-only exposures. At PD80, groups exposed during gestation had higher circling velocities than control or infancy-only exposed groups. At PD150, increases in circling velocity were apparent for the reverse learning task in groups exposed during gestation. These results indicate that early postnatal exposure to PHT may exacerbate the known long-term behavioral effects of gestational exposure. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_08920362_v27_n2_p299_Wolansky |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
Behavioral teratology Infancy Phenytoin phenytoin sodium chloride animal behavior animal experiment article behavior teratology circling behavior controlled study female gestation period gestational age learning disorder motor activity neurotoxicity nonhuman perinatal drug exposure postnatal growth prenatal drug exposure priority journal progeny rat reinforcement reward |
| spellingShingle |
Behavioral teratology Infancy Phenytoin phenytoin sodium chloride animal behavior animal experiment article behavior teratology circling behavior controlled study female gestation period gestational age learning disorder motor activity neurotoxicity nonhuman perinatal drug exposure postnatal growth prenatal drug exposure priority journal progeny rat reinforcement reward Wolansky, M.J. Azcurra, J.M. Permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat |
| topic_facet |
Behavioral teratology Infancy Phenytoin phenytoin sodium chloride animal behavior animal experiment article behavior teratology circling behavior controlled study female gestation period gestational age learning disorder motor activity neurotoxicity nonhuman perinatal drug exposure postnatal growth prenatal drug exposure priority journal progeny rat reinforcement reward |
| description |
Experimental models and clinical data indicate that the incidence of motor and learning disorders may be increased in children of epileptic mothers taking phenytoin (PHT) during pregnancy. There is little data on the vulnerability of infants to PHT-induced long-term behavioral toxicity after gestational or early life exposure (i.e., infantile convulsion therapy). We examined the persistence of alterations in circling behavior induced by exposure to PHT during gestation, infancy, or both. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected IP with saline (SAL) or PHT (30 mg/kg/day) during gestational days (GD) 10-18. The offspring were then administered (IP) SAL or PHT (60 mg/kg/day) during postnatal days (PD) 13-23. Afterward, Circling Training tests were performed at three time points. At PD40 and PD80, the clockwise direction of circling was reinforced. At PD150, counterclockwise circling was rewarded instead. At PD40, all PHT-treated groups demonstrated increased circling velocities compared to saline-treated controls. Higher spatial error rates for direction of circling were also observed in gestation-only and infancy-only exposures. At PD80, groups exposed during gestation had higher circling velocities than control or infancy-only exposed groups. At PD150, increases in circling velocity were apparent for the reverse learning task in groups exposed during gestation. These results indicate that early postnatal exposure to PHT may exacerbate the known long-term behavioral effects of gestational exposure. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
| format |
JOUR |
| author |
Wolansky, M.J. Azcurra, J.M. |
| author_facet |
Wolansky, M.J. Azcurra, J.M. |
| author_sort |
Wolansky, M.J. |
| title |
Permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat |
| title_short |
Permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat |
| title_full |
Permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat |
| title_fullStr |
Permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat |
| title_sort |
permanent motor activity and learning disorders induced by exposure to phenytoin during gestation and early infancy in the rat |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_08920362_v27_n2_p299_Wolansky |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT wolanskymj permanentmotoractivityandlearningdisordersinducedbyexposuretophenytoinduringgestationandearlyinfancyintherat AT azcurrajm permanentmotoractivityandlearningdisordersinducedbyexposuretophenytoinduringgestationandearlyinfancyintherat |
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