The MUSCLES Treasury Survey. IV. Scaling Relations for Ultraviolet, Ca II K, and Energetic Particle Fluxes from M Dwarfs

Characterizing the UV spectral energy distribution (SED) of an exoplanet host star is critically important for assessing its planet's potential habitability, particularly for M dwarfs, as they are prime targets for current and near-term exoplanet characterization efforts and atmospheric models...

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Autores principales: Youngblood, A., France, K., Loyd, R.O.P., Brown, A., Mason, J.P., Schneider, P.C., Tilley, M.A., Berta-Thompson, Z.K., Buccino, A., Froning, C.S., Hawley, S.L., Linsky, J., Mauas, P.J.D., Redfield, S., Kowalski, A., Miguel, Y., Newton, E.R., Rugheimer, S., Segura, A., Roberge, A., Vieytes, M.
Formato: JOUR
Materias:
stars: chromospheres
stars: low-mass
Sun: flares
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0004637X_v843_n1_p_Youngblood
Aporte de:
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires
id todo:paper_0004637X_v843_n1_p_Youngblood
record_format dspace
spelling todo:paper_0004637X_v843_n1_p_Youngblood2023-10-03T14:02:43Z The MUSCLES Treasury Survey. IV. Scaling Relations for Ultraviolet, Ca II K, and Energetic Particle Fluxes from M Dwarfs Youngblood, A. France, K. Loyd, R.O.P. Brown, A. Mason, J.P. Schneider, P.C. Tilley, M.A. Berta-Thompson, Z.K. Buccino, A. Froning, C.S. Hawley, S.L. Linsky, J. Mauas, P.J.D. Redfield, S. Kowalski, A. Miguel, Y. Newton, E.R. Rugheimer, S. Segura, A. Roberge, A. Vieytes, M. stars: chromospheres stars: low-mass Sun: flares Characterizing the UV spectral energy distribution (SED) of an exoplanet host star is critically important for assessing its planet's potential habitability, particularly for M dwarfs, as they are prime targets for current and near-term exoplanet characterization efforts and atmospheric models predict that their UV radiation can produce photochemistry on habitable zone planets different from that on Earth. To derive ground-based proxies for UV emission for use when Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations are unavailable, we have assembled a sample of 15 early to mid-M dwarfs observed by HST and compared their nonsimultaneous UV and optical spectra. We find that the equivalent width of the chromospheric Ca ii K line at 3933 Å, when corrected for spectral type, can be used to estimate the stellar surface flux in ultraviolet emission lines, including H i Lyα. In addition, we address another potential driver of habitability: energetic particle fluxes associated with flares. We present a new technique for estimating soft X-ray and >10 MeV proton flux during far-UV emission line flares (Si iv and He ii) by assuming solar-like energy partitions. We analyze several flares from the M4 dwarf GJ 876 observed with HST and Chandra as part of the MUSCLES Treasury Survey and find that habitable zone planets orbiting GJ 876 are impacted by large Carrington-like flares with peak soft X-ray fluxes ≥10 -3 W m -2 and possible proton fluxes ∼10 2 -10 3 pfu, approximately four orders of magnitude more frequently than modern-day Earth. © 2017. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Fil:Buccino, A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Mauas, P.J.D. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Vieytes, M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. JOUR info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0004637X_v843_n1_p_Youngblood
institution Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str I-28
repository_str R-134
collection Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
topic stars: chromospheres
stars: low-mass
Sun: flares
spellingShingle stars: chromospheres
stars: low-mass
Sun: flares
Youngblood, A.
France, K.
Loyd, R.O.P.
Brown, A.
Mason, J.P.
Schneider, P.C.
Tilley, M.A.
Berta-Thompson, Z.K.
Buccino, A.
Froning, C.S.
Hawley, S.L.
Linsky, J.
Mauas, P.J.D.
Redfield, S.
Kowalski, A.
Miguel, Y.
Newton, E.R.
Rugheimer, S.
Segura, A.
Roberge, A.
Vieytes, M.
The MUSCLES Treasury Survey. IV. Scaling Relations for Ultraviolet, Ca II K, and Energetic Particle Fluxes from M Dwarfs
topic_facet stars: chromospheres
stars: low-mass
Sun: flares
description Characterizing the UV spectral energy distribution (SED) of an exoplanet host star is critically important for assessing its planet's potential habitability, particularly for M dwarfs, as they are prime targets for current and near-term exoplanet characterization efforts and atmospheric models predict that their UV radiation can produce photochemistry on habitable zone planets different from that on Earth. To derive ground-based proxies for UV emission for use when Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations are unavailable, we have assembled a sample of 15 early to mid-M dwarfs observed by HST and compared their nonsimultaneous UV and optical spectra. We find that the equivalent width of the chromospheric Ca ii K line at 3933 Å, when corrected for spectral type, can be used to estimate the stellar surface flux in ultraviolet emission lines, including H i Lyα. In addition, we address another potential driver of habitability: energetic particle fluxes associated with flares. We present a new technique for estimating soft X-ray and >10 MeV proton flux during far-UV emission line flares (Si iv and He ii) by assuming solar-like energy partitions. We analyze several flares from the M4 dwarf GJ 876 observed with HST and Chandra as part of the MUSCLES Treasury Survey and find that habitable zone planets orbiting GJ 876 are impacted by large Carrington-like flares with peak soft X-ray fluxes ≥10 -3 W m -2 and possible proton fluxes ∼10 2 -10 3 pfu, approximately four orders of magnitude more frequently than modern-day Earth. © 2017. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
format JOUR
author Youngblood, A.
France, K.
Loyd, R.O.P.
Brown, A.
Mason, J.P.
Schneider, P.C.
Tilley, M.A.
Berta-Thompson, Z.K.
Buccino, A.
Froning, C.S.
Hawley, S.L.
Linsky, J.
Mauas, P.J.D.
Redfield, S.
Kowalski, A.
Miguel, Y.
Newton, E.R.
Rugheimer, S.
Segura, A.
Roberge, A.
Vieytes, M.
author_facet Youngblood, A.
France, K.
Loyd, R.O.P.
Brown, A.
Mason, J.P.
Schneider, P.C.
Tilley, M.A.
Berta-Thompson, Z.K.
Buccino, A.
Froning, C.S.
Hawley, S.L.
Linsky, J.
Mauas, P.J.D.
Redfield, S.
Kowalski, A.
Miguel, Y.
Newton, E.R.
Rugheimer, S.
Segura, A.
Roberge, A.
Vieytes, M.
author_sort Youngblood, A.
title The MUSCLES Treasury Survey. IV. Scaling Relations for Ultraviolet, Ca II K, and Energetic Particle Fluxes from M Dwarfs
title_short The MUSCLES Treasury Survey. IV. Scaling Relations for Ultraviolet, Ca II K, and Energetic Particle Fluxes from M Dwarfs
title_full The MUSCLES Treasury Survey. IV. Scaling Relations for Ultraviolet, Ca II K, and Energetic Particle Fluxes from M Dwarfs
title_fullStr The MUSCLES Treasury Survey. IV. Scaling Relations for Ultraviolet, Ca II K, and Energetic Particle Fluxes from M Dwarfs
title_full_unstemmed The MUSCLES Treasury Survey. IV. Scaling Relations for Ultraviolet, Ca II K, and Energetic Particle Fluxes from M Dwarfs
title_sort muscles treasury survey. iv. scaling relations for ultraviolet, ca ii k, and energetic particle fluxes from m dwarfs
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_0004637X_v843_n1_p_Youngblood
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