Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina)
Archaeological samples are complex in composition since they generally comprise a mixture of materials submitted to deterioration factors largely dependent on the environmental conditions. Therefore, the integration of analytical tools such as TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS can maximize the amount of informa...
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2008
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| Acceso en línea: | https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez |
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paper:paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez2023-06-08T16:25:34Z Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina) Vazquez, Cristina Maier, Marta Silvia Solá, Patricia FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Prehistoric rock art Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae Archaeological samples are complex in composition since they generally comprise a mixture of materials submitted to deterioration factors largely dependent on the environmental conditions. Therefore, the integration of analytical tools such as TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS can maximize the amount of information provided by the sample. Recently, two black rock art samples of camelid figures at Alero Hornillos 2, an archaeological site located near the town of Susques (Jujuy Province, Argentina), were investigated. TXRF, selected for inorganic information, showed the presence of manganese and iron among other elements, consistent with an iron and manganese oxide as the black pigment. Aiming at the detection of any residual organic compounds, the samples were extracted with a chloroform-methanol mixture and the extracts were analyzed by FT-IR, showing the presence of bands attributable to lipids. Analysis by GC-MS of the carboxylic acid methyl esters prepared from the sample extracts, indicated that the main organic constituents were saturated (C16:0 and C18:0) fatty acids in relative abundance characteristic of degraded animal fat. The presence of minor C15:0 and C17:0 fatty acids and branched-chain iso-C16:0 pointed to a ruminant animal source. © 2008 Springer-Verlag. Fil:Vázquez, C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Maier, M.S. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Solá, P. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. 2008 https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Prehistoric rock art Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae |
| spellingShingle |
FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Prehistoric rock art Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae Vazquez, Cristina Maier, Marta Silvia Solá, Patricia Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina) |
| topic_facet |
FT-IR GC-MS Inorganic and organic components Prehistoric rock art TXRF Carboxylic acids Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Gas chromatography Inorganic compounds Mass spectrometry Organic compounds Pigments Chloroform-methanol mixture Deterioration factors Prehistoric rock art Rocks Animalia Artiodactyla Bovidae Camelidae |
| description |
Archaeological samples are complex in composition since they generally comprise a mixture of materials submitted to deterioration factors largely dependent on the environmental conditions. Therefore, the integration of analytical tools such as TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS can maximize the amount of information provided by the sample. Recently, two black rock art samples of camelid figures at Alero Hornillos 2, an archaeological site located near the town of Susques (Jujuy Province, Argentina), were investigated. TXRF, selected for inorganic information, showed the presence of manganese and iron among other elements, consistent with an iron and manganese oxide as the black pigment. Aiming at the detection of any residual organic compounds, the samples were extracted with a chloroform-methanol mixture and the extracts were analyzed by FT-IR, showing the presence of bands attributable to lipids. Analysis by GC-MS of the carboxylic acid methyl esters prepared from the sample extracts, indicated that the main organic constituents were saturated (C16:0 and C18:0) fatty acids in relative abundance characteristic of degraded animal fat. The presence of minor C15:0 and C17:0 fatty acids and branched-chain iso-C16:0 pointed to a ruminant animal source. © 2008 Springer-Verlag. |
| author |
Vazquez, Cristina Maier, Marta Silvia Solá, Patricia |
| author_facet |
Vazquez, Cristina Maier, Marta Silvia Solá, Patricia |
| author_sort |
Vazquez, Cristina |
| title |
Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina) |
| title_short |
Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina) |
| title_full |
Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina) |
| title_fullStr |
Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Combining TXRF, FT-IR and GC-MS information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from Alero Hornillos 2 (Jujuy, Argentina) |
| title_sort |
combining txrf, ft-ir and gc-ms information for identification of inorganic and organic components in black pigments of rock art from alero hornillos 2 (jujuy, argentina) |
| publishDate |
2008 |
| url |
https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_16182642_v391_n4_p1381_Vazquez |
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