Gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine total fungal counts and the relative density of Aspergillus fumigatus and related species in silage samples intended for bovines before and after fermentation as well as to monitor the natural occurrence of gliotoxin in silage samples (pre- and postfermen...
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2012
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| Acceso en línea: | https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_13645072_v112_n5_p865_Keller http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_13645072_v112_n5_p865_Keller |
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paper:paper_13645072_v112_n5_p865_Keller2023-06-08T16:11:45Z Gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil Aspergillus fumigatus and related species Fungi Mycotoxin production Silage gliotoxin agricultural worker cattle conservation management fermentation fungus health risk maize management practice silage sorghum substrate toxin apoptosis article Aspergillus fumigatus Brazil cattle farming colony forming unit cow fermentation food contamination fungal strain fungus isolation grain health hazard health survey herd high performance liquid chromatography maize mould nonhuman silage sorghum toxin analysis Animal Feed Animals Aspergillus fumigatus Brazil Cattle Cereals Colony Count, Microbial Fermentation Food Contamination Gliotoxin Silage Sorghum Zea mays Brazil Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] Sao Paulo [Brazil] Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus sp. Fungi Zea mays Aims: The aim of this study was to determine total fungal counts and the relative density of Aspergillus fumigatus and related species in silage samples intended for bovines before and after fermentation as well as to monitor the natural occurrence of gliotoxin in silage samples (pre- and postfermentation). Methods and methods: The survey was performed in farms located in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro States in Brazil. In addition, the ability of A. fumigatus strains and related species strains to produce gliotoxin was also evaluated. A total of 300 samples were taken, immediately after opening of the silo (3-5 months) and during the ensiling period. Fungal counts were done by the surface-spread method. Gliotoxin production ability of isolates and natural contamination were determined by HPLC. Results: All postfermented samples had a total number of moulds exceeding 1 × 10 4 CFU g -1, with Aspergillus sp. as the most prevalent genus. Frequency of strains, among A. fumigatus and related species, was able to produce gliotoxin was similar in pre- and postfermented samples, except for sorghum, which showed differences between both kinds of samples. The highest toxin levels were produced by strains isolated from postfermented samples. More than 50% of the samples showed gliotoxin contamination levels that exceeded concentrations known to induce immunosuppressive and apoptotic effects in cells. Conclusions: The present data suggest that care should be taken because gliotoxin contamination in feedstuffs could affect productivity and also present a health risk for herds. Significance and Impact of the Study: Gliotoxin was found at quite important concentrations levels in pre- and postfermented substrates and its presence could therefore probably affect the productivity and health of herds. Current conservation and management practices do not avoid contamination with A. fumigatus on silage. Therefore, farm workers should be adequately protected during its handling. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2012 The Society for Applied Microbiology. 2012 https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_13645072_v112_n5_p865_Keller http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_13645072_v112_n5_p865_Keller |
| institution |
Universidad de Buenos Aires |
| institution_str |
I-28 |
| repository_str |
R-134 |
| collection |
Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) |
| topic |
Aspergillus fumigatus and related species Fungi Mycotoxin production Silage gliotoxin agricultural worker cattle conservation management fermentation fungus health risk maize management practice silage sorghum substrate toxin apoptosis article Aspergillus fumigatus Brazil cattle farming colony forming unit cow fermentation food contamination fungal strain fungus isolation grain health hazard health survey herd high performance liquid chromatography maize mould nonhuman silage sorghum toxin analysis Animal Feed Animals Aspergillus fumigatus Brazil Cattle Cereals Colony Count, Microbial Fermentation Food Contamination Gliotoxin Silage Sorghum Zea mays Brazil Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] Sao Paulo [Brazil] Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus sp. Fungi Zea mays |
| spellingShingle |
Aspergillus fumigatus and related species Fungi Mycotoxin production Silage gliotoxin agricultural worker cattle conservation management fermentation fungus health risk maize management practice silage sorghum substrate toxin apoptosis article Aspergillus fumigatus Brazil cattle farming colony forming unit cow fermentation food contamination fungal strain fungus isolation grain health hazard health survey herd high performance liquid chromatography maize mould nonhuman silage sorghum toxin analysis Animal Feed Animals Aspergillus fumigatus Brazil Cattle Cereals Colony Count, Microbial Fermentation Food Contamination Gliotoxin Silage Sorghum Zea mays Brazil Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] Sao Paulo [Brazil] Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus sp. Fungi Zea mays Gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil |
| topic_facet |
Aspergillus fumigatus and related species Fungi Mycotoxin production Silage gliotoxin agricultural worker cattle conservation management fermentation fungus health risk maize management practice silage sorghum substrate toxin apoptosis article Aspergillus fumigatus Brazil cattle farming colony forming unit cow fermentation food contamination fungal strain fungus isolation grain health hazard health survey herd high performance liquid chromatography maize mould nonhuman silage sorghum toxin analysis Animal Feed Animals Aspergillus fumigatus Brazil Cattle Cereals Colony Count, Microbial Fermentation Food Contamination Gliotoxin Silage Sorghum Zea mays Brazil Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] Sao Paulo [Brazil] Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus sp. Fungi Zea mays |
| description |
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine total fungal counts and the relative density of Aspergillus fumigatus and related species in silage samples intended for bovines before and after fermentation as well as to monitor the natural occurrence of gliotoxin in silage samples (pre- and postfermentation). Methods and methods: The survey was performed in farms located in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro States in Brazil. In addition, the ability of A. fumigatus strains and related species strains to produce gliotoxin was also evaluated. A total of 300 samples were taken, immediately after opening of the silo (3-5 months) and during the ensiling period. Fungal counts were done by the surface-spread method. Gliotoxin production ability of isolates and natural contamination were determined by HPLC. Results: All postfermented samples had a total number of moulds exceeding 1 × 10 4 CFU g -1, with Aspergillus sp. as the most prevalent genus. Frequency of strains, among A. fumigatus and related species, was able to produce gliotoxin was similar in pre- and postfermented samples, except for sorghum, which showed differences between both kinds of samples. The highest toxin levels were produced by strains isolated from postfermented samples. More than 50% of the samples showed gliotoxin contamination levels that exceeded concentrations known to induce immunosuppressive and apoptotic effects in cells. Conclusions: The present data suggest that care should be taken because gliotoxin contamination in feedstuffs could affect productivity and also present a health risk for herds. Significance and Impact of the Study: Gliotoxin was found at quite important concentrations levels in pre- and postfermented substrates and its presence could therefore probably affect the productivity and health of herds. Current conservation and management practices do not avoid contamination with A. fumigatus on silage. Therefore, farm workers should be adequately protected during its handling. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2012 The Society for Applied Microbiology. |
| title |
Gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil |
| title_short |
Gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil |
| title_full |
Gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil |
| title_fullStr |
Gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil |
| title_sort |
gliotoxin contamination in and pre- and postfermented corn, sorghum and wet brewer's grains silage in sao paulo and rio de janeiro state, brazil |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_13645072_v112_n5_p865_Keller http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_13645072_v112_n5_p865_Keller |
| _version_ |
1768543436057608192 |