Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America

This paper describes the bark anatomy of three native conifers from southern South America, Podocarpus nubigena Lindl., Saxegothaea conspicua Lindl. (Podocarpaceae) and Araucaria araucana (Mol.) K.Koch. (Araucariaceae). The bark colours of these three conifers are greyish-brown, reddish-brown and tr...

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Autores principales:	Castro, María Agueda, Apóstolo, Nancy Mariel
Publicado:	2006
Materias:	anatomy bark coniferous tree South America Araucaria araucana Araucariaceae Coniferophyta Podocarpaceae Podocarpus nubigenus Saxegothaea conspicua
Acceso en línea:	https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00671924_v54_n1_p73_Castro http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00671924_v54_n1_p73_Castro
Aporte de:	Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires

id	paper:paper_00671924_v54_n1_p73_Castro
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spelling	paper:paper_00671924_v54_n1_p73_Castro2023-06-08T15:06:18Z Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America Castro, María Agueda Apóstolo, Nancy Mariel anatomy bark coniferous tree South America Araucaria araucana Araucariaceae Coniferophyta Podocarpaceae Podocarpus nubigenus Saxegothaea conspicua This paper describes the bark anatomy of three native conifers from southern South America, Podocarpus nubigena Lindl., Saxegothaea conspicua Lindl. (Podocarpaceae) and Araucaria araucana (Mol.) K.Koch. (Araucariaceae). The bark colours of these three conifers are greyish-brown, reddish-brown and true brown, respectively. Morphologically, the bark of S. conspicua is scaly whereas it is fissured in A. araucana and P. nubigena. Fissures are relatively shallow in P. nubigena and relatively deep in A. araucana. The latter two species have elongated stripes and polygonal to irregular plates, respectively. Anatomically, P. nubigena shows a gradual transition between non-collapsed and collapsed phloem. This species shows secondary phloem cells regularly arranged in continuous tangential bands composed of alternating sieve cells, axial parenchyma and fibres. In A. araucana the ordered pattern observed in the non-collapsed secondary phloem is lost in the collapsed phloem. All three species show homocellular and uniseriate rays exhibiting a sinuous trajectory in the collapsed phloem and into the rhytidome. Fibres in P. nubigena are arranged in narrow, tangentially uniseriate lines. Sclereids are observed in S. conspicua whereas ramified sclereids and fibres are present in A. araucana. Minute cell-wall crystals in the fibres are exhibited in all species. The persistent rhytidome occupies a variable proportion of the bark. A. araucana shows thick periderms and rhytidome, with indistinct rays in dead phloem. Starch, tannins and resins are frequent in parenchyma. Secretory canals are present only in A. araucana. In summary, the external morphology, arrangement of axial parenchyma, type of the sclerenchymatous tissue, presence of secretory canals and cell-wall crystals are the most important features that can be used for identification when other diagnostic plant parts are missing. © CSIRO 2006. Fil:Castro, M.A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Apóstolo, N.M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. 2006 https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00671924_v54_n1_p73_Castro http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00671924_v54_n1_p73_Castro
institution	Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str	I-28
repository_str	R-134
collection	Biblioteca Digital - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA)
topic	anatomy bark coniferous tree South America Araucaria araucana Araucariaceae Coniferophyta Podocarpaceae Podocarpus nubigenus Saxegothaea conspicua
spellingShingle	anatomy bark coniferous tree South America Araucaria araucana Araucariaceae Coniferophyta Podocarpaceae Podocarpus nubigenus Saxegothaea conspicua Castro, María Agueda Apóstolo, Nancy Mariel Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America
topic_facet	anatomy bark coniferous tree South America Araucaria araucana Araucariaceae Coniferophyta Podocarpaceae Podocarpus nubigenus Saxegothaea conspicua
description	This paper describes the bark anatomy of three native conifers from southern South America, Podocarpus nubigena Lindl., Saxegothaea conspicua Lindl. (Podocarpaceae) and Araucaria araucana (Mol.) K.Koch. (Araucariaceae). The bark colours of these three conifers are greyish-brown, reddish-brown and true brown, respectively. Morphologically, the bark of S. conspicua is scaly whereas it is fissured in A. araucana and P. nubigena. Fissures are relatively shallow in P. nubigena and relatively deep in A. araucana. The latter two species have elongated stripes and polygonal to irregular plates, respectively. Anatomically, P. nubigena shows a gradual transition between non-collapsed and collapsed phloem. This species shows secondary phloem cells regularly arranged in continuous tangential bands composed of alternating sieve cells, axial parenchyma and fibres. In A. araucana the ordered pattern observed in the non-collapsed secondary phloem is lost in the collapsed phloem. All three species show homocellular and uniseriate rays exhibiting a sinuous trajectory in the collapsed phloem and into the rhytidome. Fibres in P. nubigena are arranged in narrow, tangentially uniseriate lines. Sclereids are observed in S. conspicua whereas ramified sclereids and fibres are present in A. araucana. Minute cell-wall crystals in the fibres are exhibited in all species. The persistent rhytidome occupies a variable proportion of the bark. A. araucana shows thick periderms and rhytidome, with indistinct rays in dead phloem. Starch, tannins and resins are frequent in parenchyma. Secretory canals are present only in A. araucana. In summary, the external morphology, arrangement of axial parenchyma, type of the sclerenchymatous tissue, presence of secretory canals and cell-wall crystals are the most important features that can be used for identification when other diagnostic plant parts are missing. © CSIRO 2006.
author	Castro, María Agueda Apóstolo, Nancy Mariel
author_facet	Castro, María Agueda Apóstolo, Nancy Mariel
author_sort	Castro, María Agueda
title	Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America
title_short	Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America
title_full	Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America
title_fullStr	Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America
title_full_unstemmed	Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America
title_sort	bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern south america
publishDate	2006
url	https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_00671924_v54_n1_p73_Castro http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_00671924_v54_n1_p73_Castro
work_keys_str_mv	AT castromariaagueda barkanatomyofthreeindigenousconifersfromsouthernsouthamerica AT apostolonancymariel barkanatomyofthreeindigenousconifersfromsouthernsouthamerica
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Bark anatomy of three indigenous conifers from southern South America

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