The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions

Confidence in perceptual decisions is thought to reflect the probability of being correct. According to this view, confidence should be unaffected or minimally reduced by the presence of irrelevant alternatives. To test this prediction, we designed five experiments. In Experiment 1, participants...

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Autores principales: Sigman, Mariano, Comay, Nicolás, Della Bella, Gabriel, Lamberti, Pedro, Solovey, Guillermo, Barttfeld, Pablo
Formato: info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint submittedVersion
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Cognition 2023
Materias:
Confidence
Perceptual
Decision making
Multiple alternatives
Bayesian confidence hypothesis
Computational modeling
Open data
Acceso en línea:https://repositorio.utdt.edu/handle/20.500.13098/11886
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105377
Aporte de:
Repositorio Digital Universidad Torcuato Di Tella de Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
id I57-R163-20.500.13098-11886
record_format dspace
spelling I57-R163-20.500.13098-118862023-07-28T16:12:40Z The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions Sigman, Mariano Comay, Nicolás Della Bella, Gabriel Lamberti, Pedro Solovey, Guillermo Barttfeld, Pablo Confidence Perceptual Decision making Multiple alternatives Bayesian confidence hypothesis Computational modeling Open data Confidence in perceptual decisions is thought to reflect the probability of being correct. According to this view, confidence should be unaffected or minimally reduced by the presence of irrelevant alternatives. To test this prediction, we designed five experiments. In Experiment 1, participants had to identify the largest geometrical shape among two or three alternatives. In the three-alternative condition, one of the shapes was much smaller than the other two, being a clearly incorrect option. Counter-intuitively, confidence was higher when the irrelevant alternative was present, evidencing that confidence construction is more complex than previously thought. Four computational models were tested, only one of them accounting for the results. This model predicts that confidence increases monotonically with the number of irrelevant alternatives, a prediction we tested in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, we evaluated whether this effect replicated in a categorical task, but we did not find supporting evidence. Experiments 4 and 5 allowed us to discard stimuli presentation time as a factor driving the effect. Our findings suggest that confidence models cannot ignore the effect of multiple, possibly irrelevant alternatives to build a thorough understanding of confidence. Este documento es una versión del artículo que se encuentra publicado en Cognition, 234, 105377 2023-06-16T22:13:51Z 2023-06-16T22:13:51Z 2023 info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion https://repositorio.utdt.edu/handle/20.500.13098/11886 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105377 eng Comay, N. A., Della Bella, G., Lamberti, P., Sigman, M., Solovey, G., & Barttfeld, P. (2023). The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions. Cognition, 234, 105377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105377 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ar/ 42 p. application/pdf application/pdf Cognition
institution Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
institution_str I-57
repository_str R-163
collection Repositorio Digital Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
language Inglés
orig_language_str_mv eng
topic Confidence
Perceptual
Decision making
Multiple alternatives
Bayesian confidence hypothesis
Computational modeling
Open data
spellingShingle Confidence
Perceptual
Decision making
Multiple alternatives
Bayesian confidence hypothesis
Computational modeling
Open data
Sigman, Mariano
Comay, Nicolás
Della Bella, Gabriel
Lamberti, Pedro
Solovey, Guillermo
Barttfeld, Pablo
The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions
topic_facet Confidence
Perceptual
Decision making
Multiple alternatives
Bayesian confidence hypothesis
Computational modeling
Open data
description Confidence in perceptual decisions is thought to reflect the probability of being correct. According to this view, confidence should be unaffected or minimally reduced by the presence of irrelevant alternatives. To test this prediction, we designed five experiments. In Experiment 1, participants had to identify the largest geometrical shape among two or three alternatives. In the three-alternative condition, one of the shapes was much smaller than the other two, being a clearly incorrect option. Counter-intuitively, confidence was higher when the irrelevant alternative was present, evidencing that confidence construction is more complex than previously thought. Four computational models were tested, only one of them accounting for the results. This model predicts that confidence increases monotonically with the number of irrelevant alternatives, a prediction we tested in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, we evaluated whether this effect replicated in a categorical task, but we did not find supporting evidence. Experiments 4 and 5 allowed us to discard stimuli presentation time as a factor driving the effect. Our findings suggest that confidence models cannot ignore the effect of multiple, possibly irrelevant alternatives to build a thorough understanding of confidence.
format info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint
submittedVersion
author Sigman, Mariano
Comay, Nicolás
Della Bella, Gabriel
Lamberti, Pedro
Solovey, Guillermo
Barttfeld, Pablo
author_facet Sigman, Mariano
Comay, Nicolás
Della Bella, Gabriel
Lamberti, Pedro
Solovey, Guillermo
Barttfeld, Pablo
author_sort Sigman, Mariano
title The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions
title_short The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions
title_full The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions
title_fullStr The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions
title_full_unstemmed The presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions
title_sort presence of irrelevant alternatives paradoxically increases confidence in perceptual decisions
publisher Cognition
publishDate 2023
url https://repositorio.utdt.edu/handle/20.500.13098/11886
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105377
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