A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport

"This paper presents a technical, financial and environmental analysis of four different hybrid buses operated under Buenos Aires driving conditions. A conventional diesel bus is used as reference and three electric hybrids equipped with different energy storage technologies, Li-Ion, NiMH batte...

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Autores principales: Orbaiz, Pedro, Dijk, Nicolás van, Cosentino, Santiago, Oxenford, Nicolás, Carignano, Mauro G., Nigro, Norberto M.
Formato: Artículos de Publicaciones Periódicas acceptedVersion
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2019
Materias:
TRANSPORTE PUBLICO
SISTEMAS HIBRIDOS
ANALISIS FINANCIERO
IMPACTO AMBIENTAL
Acceso en línea:http://ri.itba.edu.ar/handle/123456789/1631
Aporte de:
Repositorio Institucional Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA) de Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)
id I32-R138-123456789-1631
record_format dspace
spelling I32-R138-123456789-16312022-12-07T13:07:00Z A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport Orbaiz, Pedro Dijk, Nicolás van Cosentino, Santiago Oxenford, Nicolás Carignano, Mauro G. Nigro, Norberto M. TRANSPORTE PUBLICO SISTEMAS HIBRIDOS ANALISIS FINANCIERO IMPACTO AMBIENTAL "This paper presents a technical, financial and environmental analysis of four different hybrid buses operated under Buenos Aires driving conditions. A conventional diesel bus is used as reference and three electric hybrids equipped with different energy storage technologies, Li-Ion, NiMH batteries and double layer capacitors (ultracapacitors), are evaluated, along with a hydraulic hybrid platform which uses high-pressure accumulators as its energy buffer. The operating conditions of the buses are set using real driving GPS data collected from various bus routes within the city. The different vehicle platforms are modeled on AUTONOMIE SA and validated by comparing the obtained fuel consumption results to those reported by local transport authorities and values found in the literature. The embedded energy and CO2 emissions of each platform are estimated using GREET and the total cost of ownership of each vehicle is calculated and compared to that of the conventional bus. Furthermore, aging models are proposed to evaluate the life duration of the batteries and ultracapacitors. Results show that, independent of the energy storage technology, the fuel economy performance of all hybrids is highly dependent on the size and configuration of the powertrain and energy storage components. When optimized, all hybrids achieve significant fuel consumption reductions compared to a conventional diesel bus, however, the ultracapacitor based system seems to outperform the other technologies. The battery based electric buses achieve similar fuel consumption reductions, but the NiMH based batteries shows a considerably shorter life expectancy. This has a significant impact on both the economic and environmental performance of this vehicle. The life cycle emission analysis shows that, given the high fuel consumption of a conventional bus, the additional embedded CO2 emissions of the hybrid vehicles are offseted by the achieved reduction of in-service CO2 emissions due to fuel consumption reductions. Regarding the economic performance of the different platforms, results show that the fuel savings achieved by all hybrids displace the higher capital costs required. Overall, all hybrid buses show a strong potential to reduce both CO2 emissions and costs, resulting in negative costs of CO2 abatement." 2019-06-24T16:21:18Z 2019-06-24T16:21:18Z 2018-04 Artículos de Publicaciones Periódicas info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion http://ri.itba.edu.ar/handle/123456789/1631 en info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.4271/2018-01-0424 application/pdf Buenos Aires (Argentina)
institution Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)
institution_str I-32
repository_str R-138
collection Repositorio Institucional Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)
language Inglés
topic TRANSPORTE PUBLICO
SISTEMAS HIBRIDOS
ANALISIS FINANCIERO
IMPACTO AMBIENTAL
spellingShingle TRANSPORTE PUBLICO
SISTEMAS HIBRIDOS
ANALISIS FINANCIERO
IMPACTO AMBIENTAL
Orbaiz, Pedro
Dijk, Nicolás van
Cosentino, Santiago
Oxenford, Nicolás
Carignano, Mauro G.
Nigro, Norberto M.
A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport
topic_facet TRANSPORTE PUBLICO
SISTEMAS HIBRIDOS
ANALISIS FINANCIERO
IMPACTO AMBIENTAL
description "This paper presents a technical, financial and environmental analysis of four different hybrid buses operated under Buenos Aires driving conditions. A conventional diesel bus is used as reference and three electric hybrids equipped with different energy storage technologies, Li-Ion, NiMH batteries and double layer capacitors (ultracapacitors), are evaluated, along with a hydraulic hybrid platform which uses high-pressure accumulators as its energy buffer. The operating conditions of the buses are set using real driving GPS data collected from various bus routes within the city. The different vehicle platforms are modeled on AUTONOMIE SA and validated by comparing the obtained fuel consumption results to those reported by local transport authorities and values found in the literature. The embedded energy and CO2 emissions of each platform are estimated using GREET and the total cost of ownership of each vehicle is calculated and compared to that of the conventional bus. Furthermore, aging models are proposed to evaluate the life duration of the batteries and ultracapacitors. Results show that, independent of the energy storage technology, the fuel economy performance of all hybrids is highly dependent on the size and configuration of the powertrain and energy storage components. When optimized, all hybrids achieve significant fuel consumption reductions compared to a conventional diesel bus, however, the ultracapacitor based system seems to outperform the other technologies. The battery based electric buses achieve similar fuel consumption reductions, but the NiMH based batteries shows a considerably shorter life expectancy. This has a significant impact on both the economic and environmental performance of this vehicle. The life cycle emission analysis shows that, given the high fuel consumption of a conventional bus, the additional embedded CO2 emissions of the hybrid vehicles are offseted by the achieved reduction of in-service CO2 emissions due to fuel consumption reductions. Regarding the economic performance of the different platforms, results show that the fuel savings achieved by all hybrids displace the higher capital costs required. Overall, all hybrid buses show a strong potential to reduce both CO2 emissions and costs, resulting in negative costs of CO2 abatement."
format Artículos de Publicaciones Periódicas
acceptedVersion
author Orbaiz, Pedro
Dijk, Nicolás van
Cosentino, Santiago
Oxenford, Nicolás
Carignano, Mauro G.
Nigro, Norberto M.
author_facet Orbaiz, Pedro
Dijk, Nicolás van
Cosentino, Santiago
Oxenford, Nicolás
Carignano, Mauro G.
Nigro, Norberto M.
author_sort Orbaiz, Pedro
title A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport
title_short A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport
title_full A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport
title_fullStr A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport
title_full_unstemmed A technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport
title_sort technical, environmental and financial analysis of hybrid buses used for public transport
publishDate 2019
url http://ri.itba.edu.ar/handle/123456789/1631
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