The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories?

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Several reports have shown that after specific reminders are presented, consolidated memories pass from a stable state to one in which the memory is reactivated. This reactivation implies that memories are labile and susceptible to amnesic agents. This susceptibility decreases over time and leads to...

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Autores principales:	Forcato, C., Fernandez, R.S., Pedreira, M.E.
Formato:	Artículo publishedVersion
Publicado:	2013
Materias:	adult article association declarative memory human learning memory consolidation task performance training verbal behavior Adolescent Adult Cues Female Humans Male Memory, Long-Term Memory, Short-Term Time Factors Verbal Learning
Acceso en línea:	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_19326203_v8_n4_p_Forcato http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=artiaex&d=paper_19326203_v8_n4_p_Forcato_oai
Aporte de:	Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires

id	I28-R145-paper_19326203_v8_n4_p_Forcato_oai
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spelling	I28-R145-paper_19326203_v8_n4_p_Forcato_oai2020-10-19 Forcato, C. Fernandez, R.S. Pedreira, M.E. 2013 Several reports have shown that after specific reminders are presented, consolidated memories pass from a stable state to one in which the memory is reactivated. This reactivation implies that memories are labile and susceptible to amnesic agents. This susceptibility decreases over time and leads to a re-stabilization phase usually known as reconsolidation. With respect to the biological role of reconsolidation, two functions have been proposed. First, the reconsolidation process allows new information to be integrated into the background of the original memory; second, it strengthens the original memory. We have previously demonstrated that both of these functions occur in the reconsolidation of human declarative memories. Our paradigm consisted of learning verbal material (lists of five pairs of nonsense syllables) acquired by a training process (L1-training) on Day 1 of our experiment. After this declarative memory is consolidated, it can be made labile by presenting a specific reminder. After this, the memory passes through a subsequent stabilization process. Strengthening creates a new scenario for the reconsolidation process; this function represents a new factor that may transform the dynamic of memories. First, we analyzed whether the repeated labilization-reconsolidation processes maintained the memory for longer periods of time. We showed that at least one labilization-reconsolidation process strengthens a memory via evaluation 5 days after its re-stabilization. We also demonstrated that this effect is not triggered by retrieval only. We then analyzed the way strengthening modified the effect of an amnesic agent that was presented immediately after repeated labilizations. The repeated labilization-reconsolidation processes made the memory more resistant to interference during re-stabilization. Finally, we evaluated whether the effect of strengthening may depend on the age of the memory. We found that the effect of strengthening did depend on the age of the memory. Forgetting may represent a process that weakens the effect of strengthening. © 2013 Forcato et al. Fil:Forcato, C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. Fil:Pedreira, M.E. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina. application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_19326203_v8_n4_p_Forcato info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ar PLoS ONE 2013;8(4) adult article association declarative memory human learning memory consolidation task performance training verbal behavior Adolescent Adult Cues Female Humans Male Memory, Long-Term Memory, Short-Term Time Factors Verbal Learning The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories? info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=artiaex&d=paper_19326203_v8_n4_p_Forcato_oai
institution	Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str	I-28
repository_str	R-145
collection	Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)
topic	adult article association declarative memory human learning memory consolidation task performance training verbal behavior Adolescent Adult Cues Female Humans Male Memory, Long-Term Memory, Short-Term Time Factors Verbal Learning
spellingShingle	adult article association declarative memory human learning memory consolidation task performance training verbal behavior Adolescent Adult Cues Female Humans Male Memory, Long-Term Memory, Short-Term Time Factors Verbal Learning Forcato, C. Fernandez, R.S. Pedreira, M.E. The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories?
topic_facet	adult article association declarative memory human learning memory consolidation task performance training verbal behavior Adolescent Adult Cues Female Humans Male Memory, Long-Term Memory, Short-Term Time Factors Verbal Learning
description	Several reports have shown that after specific reminders are presented, consolidated memories pass from a stable state to one in which the memory is reactivated. This reactivation implies that memories are labile and susceptible to amnesic agents. This susceptibility decreases over time and leads to a re-stabilization phase usually known as reconsolidation. With respect to the biological role of reconsolidation, two functions have been proposed. First, the reconsolidation process allows new information to be integrated into the background of the original memory; second, it strengthens the original memory. We have previously demonstrated that both of these functions occur in the reconsolidation of human declarative memories. Our paradigm consisted of learning verbal material (lists of five pairs of nonsense syllables) acquired by a training process (L1-training) on Day 1 of our experiment. After this declarative memory is consolidated, it can be made labile by presenting a specific reminder. After this, the memory passes through a subsequent stabilization process. Strengthening creates a new scenario for the reconsolidation process; this function represents a new factor that may transform the dynamic of memories. First, we analyzed whether the repeated labilization-reconsolidation processes maintained the memory for longer periods of time. We showed that at least one labilization-reconsolidation process strengthens a memory via evaluation 5 days after its re-stabilization. We also demonstrated that this effect is not triggered by retrieval only. We then analyzed the way strengthening modified the effect of an amnesic agent that was presented immediately after repeated labilizations. The repeated labilization-reconsolidation processes made the memory more resistant to interference during re-stabilization. Finally, we evaluated whether the effect of strengthening may depend on the age of the memory. We found that the effect of strengthening did depend on the age of the memory. Forgetting may represent a process that weakens the effect of strengthening. © 2013 Forcato et al.
format	Artículo Artículo publishedVersion
author	Forcato, C. Fernandez, R.S. Pedreira, M.E.
author_facet	Forcato, C. Fernandez, R.S. Pedreira, M.E.
author_sort	Forcato, C.
title	The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories?
title_short	The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories?
title_full	The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories?
title_fullStr	The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories?
title_full_unstemmed	The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories?
title_sort	role and dynamic of strengthening in the reconsolidation process in a human declarative memory: what decides the fate of recent and older memories?
publishDate	2013
url	http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_19326203_v8_n4_p_Forcato http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=artiaex&d=paper_19326203_v8_n4_p_Forcato_oai
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The Role and Dynamic of Strengthening in the Reconsolidation Process in a Human Declarative Memory: What Decides the Fate of Recent and Older Memories?

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