Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro

Fasciolosis, also known as distomatosis, is a parasitic disease of global distribution caused by the trematode Fasciola hepatica. This parasite affects a wide variety of herbivorous animals and some omnivores, including humans. In Argentina, animal fasciolosis is endemic, being present in all provin...

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Autor principal:	Soler, Paula
Otros Autores:	Morales, Juan Manuel
Formato:	Tesis doctoral acceptedVersion
Publicado:	Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias 2025
Materias:	Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Dinámica poblacional de caracoles Population dynamics of snails Caracol Epidemiologia Ecologia Ciencias Veterinarias
Acceso en línea:	http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=avaposgra&cl=CL1&d=HWA_7980 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/avaposgra/index/assoc/HWA_7980.dir/7980.PDF
Aporte de:	Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires

id	I28-R145-HWA_7980
record_format	dspace
institution	Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str	I-28
repository_str	R-145
collection	Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)
topic	Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Dinámica poblacional de caracoles Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Population dynamics of snails Caracol Epidemiologia Ecologia Ciencias Veterinarias
spellingShingle	Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Dinámica poblacional de caracoles Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Population dynamics of snails Caracol Epidemiologia Ecologia Ciencias Veterinarias Soler, Paula Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro
topic_facet	Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Dinámica poblacional de caracoles Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Population dynamics of snails Caracol Epidemiologia Ecologia Ciencias Veterinarias
description	Fasciolosis, also known as distomatosis, is a parasitic disease of global distribution caused by the trematode Fasciola hepatica. This parasite affects a wide variety of herbivorous animals and some omnivores, including humans. In Argentina, animal fasciolosis is endemic, being present in all provinces except Tierra del Fuego. In particular, high prevalence rates have been reported in sheep and cattle in the Patagonian region, posing a serious veterinary problem and causing significant economic losses.\nFor the disease to become established in a given area, the definitive and intermediate hosts must coexist, and environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity must be suitable for the development of the miracidium and larval stages in the snail. Climatic characteristics play a decisive role in determining the periods of highest infestation risk and its annual incidence. The disease thrives in environments conducive to the intermediate snail host, such as regions with moderate to heavy rainfall, swampy valleys, and areas with streams or irrigation channels in drier regions. Additionally, environmental modifications, including the creation of irrigation systems, artificial water points, or flooding to improve forage quality and availability, expand the habitat suitable for the proliferation of lymnaeid snails, thereby increasing the risk of fasciolosis. Furthermore, climate change may exacerbate the risk of parasitism in livestock.\nThe treatment of fasciolosis in production animals primarily relies on administering antiparasitic drugs to the definitive host to eliminate the causal agent and interrupt egg excretion in feces. However, control programs often neglect critical factors such as environmental conditions, livestock management practices, and the presence and distribution of lymnaeid snails in grazing areas. These elements are crucial for the success of treatment strategies and the reduction of pasture contamination with F. hepatica eggs.\nMoreover, in Patagonia, resistance of F. hepatica to various drugs has been reported, which in some cases restricts the use of antiparasitics effective against this parasite.\nThe study of the ecoepidemiology of fasciolosis in a specific area involves a comprehensive understanding of the definitive host species present and their susceptibility to the parasite, as well as the correct identification, location, and classification of lymnaeid snail species, their population dynamics, and the detection of F. hepatica in snails.\nIdentifying temporal and spatial patterns of occurrence is essential to determine risk areas and reduce parasite transmission while conducting infestation prevalence estimates at the farm level. This approach enables the design and implementation of effective control programs aimed at preventing or limiting the contact between the definitive host and the parasite through appropriate and sustainable management strategies.
author2	Morales, Juan Manuel
author_facet	Morales, Juan Manuel Soler, Paula
format	Tesis doctoral Tesis doctoral acceptedVersion
author	Soler, Paula
author_sort	Soler, Paula
title	Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro
title_short	Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro
title_full	Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro
title_fullStr	Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro
title_full_unstemmed	Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro
title_sort	ecoepidemiología de fasciola hepatica (trematoda, digenea) en la región cordillerana de río negro
publisher	Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
publishDate	2025
url	http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=avaposgra&cl=CL1&d=HWA_7980 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/avaposgra/index/assoc/HWA_7980.dir/7980.PDF
work_keys_str_mv	AT solerpaula ecoepidemiologiadefasciolahepaticatrematodadigeneaenlaregioncordilleranaderionegro
_version_	1848652793061048320
spelling	I28-R145-HWA_79802025-10-09 Fasciolosis, also known as distomatosis, is a parasitic disease of global distribution caused by the trematode Fasciola hepatica. This parasite affects a wide variety of herbivorous animals and some omnivores, including humans. In Argentina, animal fasciolosis is endemic, being present in all provinces except Tierra del Fuego. In particular, high prevalence rates have been reported in sheep and cattle in the Patagonian region, posing a serious veterinary problem and causing significant economic losses.\nFor the disease to become established in a given area, the definitive and intermediate hosts must coexist, and environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity must be suitable for the development of the miracidium and larval stages in the snail. Climatic characteristics play a decisive role in determining the periods of highest infestation risk and its annual incidence. The disease thrives in environments conducive to the intermediate snail host, such as regions with moderate to heavy rainfall, swampy valleys, and areas with streams or irrigation channels in drier regions. Additionally, environmental modifications, including the creation of irrigation systems, artificial water points, or flooding to improve forage quality and availability, expand the habitat suitable for the proliferation of lymnaeid snails, thereby increasing the risk of fasciolosis. Furthermore, climate change may exacerbate the risk of parasitism in livestock.\nThe treatment of fasciolosis in production animals primarily relies on administering antiparasitic drugs to the definitive host to eliminate the causal agent and interrupt egg excretion in feces. However, control programs often neglect critical factors such as environmental conditions, livestock management practices, and the presence and distribution of lymnaeid snails in grazing areas. These elements are crucial for the success of treatment strategies and the reduction of pasture contamination with F. hepatica eggs.\nMoreover, in Patagonia, resistance of F. hepatica to various drugs has been reported, which in some cases restricts the use of antiparasitics effective against this parasite.\nThe study of the ecoepidemiology of fasciolosis in a specific area involves a comprehensive understanding of the definitive host species present and their susceptibility to the parasite, as well as the correct identification, location, and classification of lymnaeid snail species, their population dynamics, and the detection of F. hepatica in snails.\nIdentifying temporal and spatial patterns of occurrence is essential to determine risk areas and reduce parasite transmission while conducting infestation prevalence estimates at the farm level. This approach enables the design and implementation of effective control programs aimed at preventing or limiting the contact between the definitive host and the parasite through appropriate and sustainable management strategies. Fil: Soler, Paula. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Buenos Aires, Argentina Morales, Juan Manuel Larroza, Marcela Soler, Paula 2025-06-12 La fasciolosis, también conocida como distomatosis, es una enfermedad parasitaria de distribución mundial causada por el trematodo Fasciola hepatica. Este parásito afecta a una amplia variedad de animales herbívoros y algunos omnívoros, incluyendo a los humanos. En Argentina, la fasciolosis animal es endémica, presentándose en todas las provincias con excepción de Tierra del Fuego. Particularmente en la región patagónica, se han reportado altas prevalencias en ovinos y bovinos, lo que representa un serio problema veterinario y ocasiona importantes pérdidas económicas.\nPara que la enfermedad se establezca en una región, es necesario que coexistan tanto el hospedador definitivo como el hospedador intermediario, y que las condiciones ambientales como temperatura y humedad, sean adecuadas para el desarrollo de los estadios larvarios de vida libre y dentro del caracol, ya que tienen influencias sobre la formación de metacercarias. Las características climáticas determinan de manera decisiva las épocas de mayor riesgo de infestación y su incidencia anual. La enfermedad prospera en ambientes favorables para el caracol intermediario, como regiones con lluvias moderadas a intensas, valles pantanosos, y áreas con arroyos o canales de riego en zonas más áridas. Además, la modificación del ambiente, como la creación de sistemas de irrigación, aguadas artificiales o inundaciones para mejorar la disponibilidad de forraje, favorece la proliferación de caracoles lymnaeidos, incrementando el hábitat propicio para el parásito. Asimismo, el cambio climático puede intensificar el riesgo de parasitismo en el ganado.\nEl tratamiento de la fasciolosis en animales de producción se basa principalmente en la administración de fármacos antiparasitarios al hospedador definitivo, con el objetivo de eliminar el agente causal e interrumpir la excreción de huevos en las heces. Sin embargo, los planes de control suelen omitir factores clave como las condiciones ambientales, el manejo del ganado, y la presencia y distribución de caracoles lymnaeidos en las áreas de pastoreo. Estos elementos son esenciales para el éxito de los tratamientos y para minimizar la contaminación de las pasturas con huevos de F. hepatica. Además, en la Patagonia se ha diagnosticado resistencia del parásito a diferentes fármacos, lo que limita la efectividad de los tratamientos en ciertas situaciones.\nEl estudio de la ecoepidemiología de la fasciolosis en una región específica requiere un análisis integral de las especies de hospedadores definitivos y su susceptibilidad al parásito, así como la identificación, localización y clasificación de las especies de caracoles lymnaeidos, su dinámica poblacional y la detección de F. hepatica en ellos. Es fundamental identificar patrones temporales y espaciales de aparición para determinar áreas de riesgo y reducir la transmisión del parásito, además de realizar estimaciones de prevalencia a nivel predial. Este enfoque permite diseñar e implementar planes de control efectivos, orientados a prevenir o limitar el contacto entre el hospedador definitivo y el parásito, mediante estrategias de manejo adecuadas y sostenibles application/pdf Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Dinámica poblacional de caracoles Fasciola hepatica Galba viatrix Population dynamics of snails Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess htpps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nend/2.5/ar/ Caracol Epidemiologia Ecologia Ciencias Veterinarias Doctora de Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Veterinarias Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis info:ar-repo/semantics/tesis doctoral info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=avaposgra&cl=CL1&d=HWA_7980 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/avaposgra/index/assoc/HWA_7980.dir/7980.PDF

Ecoepidemiología de Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda, Digenea) en la Región Cordillerana de Río Negro

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