Bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la Argentina
There are multiple aspects that affect animal welfare in production systems\nincluding environmental factors and those related to management conditions.\nRegarding the latter and considering that one of the goals of the production sector is the improvement of efficiency levels, one of the alternativ...
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Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
2023
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| Acceso en línea: | http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=avaposgra&cl=CL1&d=HWA_7538 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/avaposgra/index/assoc/HWA_7538.dir/7538.PDF |
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Universidad de Buenos Aires |
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R-145 |
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Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) |
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Español |
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spa |
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Bienestar animal Bovinos Macho entero joven Estrés por calor Calidad de carne Animal welfare young entire male heat stress meal quality Producción animal Bovinos de carne Razas Ciencias Veterinarias |
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Bienestar animal Bovinos Macho entero joven Estrés por calor Calidad de carne Animal welfare young entire male heat stress meal quality Producción animal Bovinos de carne Razas Ciencias Veterinarias Langman, Leandro Ezequiel Bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la Argentina |
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Bienestar animal Bovinos Macho entero joven Estrés por calor Calidad de carne Animal welfare young entire male heat stress meal quality Producción animal Bovinos de carne Razas Ciencias Veterinarias |
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There are multiple aspects that affect animal welfare in production systems\nincluding environmental factors and those related to management conditions.\nRegarding the latter and considering that one of the goals of the production sector is the improvement of efficiency levels, one of the alternatives would be to have young bulls capable of naturally synthesizing anabolic hormones such as testosterone. Focusing on environmental aspects, heat stress is one of the main issues in cattle. Although cattle can adapt to a wide range of thermal environments, both\nextreme and sudden fluctuations in temperature can cause heat stress. If unable to cope with these events, animals can suffer consequences where physiology, behavior\nand health are strongly affected by the excessive heat load modifying their well-being, which in the worst case can result in death. Therefore, the provision of shade\nrepresents one of the resources to be used as a strategy to mitigate heat stress by modifying the microenvironment. Shade resource in order to modify the microenvironment represents a strategy to mitigate heat stress.\nTo address both problems, two experiments were carried out in this thesis to\nstudy the effect of: a) slaughter category and breed, and b) the use of shade during a period of high risk of heat stress, over variables associated with animal welfare in cattle.\nThe first experiment was implemented in a livestock establishment located in\nRosario de Lerma, Salta. For this purpose, 128 animals (9 months, 238 ± 4 kg) were\nrandomly selected from the herd in order to evaluate the effect of category (young bull\nvs. steer) and breed (Black Angus vs. Brangus) over welfare. Before the fattening\nstage, half of the animals of each breed group were castrated by the same personnel of the establishment, without resorting to the use of anesthesia or analgesia. After 180 days of fattening, the animals were transported to the slaughterhouse at a distance of 500 m from the farm.\nUnder the conditions where the trial was carried out, young bulls presented lower\nvalues (p < 0.05) of visual exit velocity score, higher levels of daily live weight gain, carcass yield and meat yield in 6 of the 11 meat cuts evaluated. Meat from these\nanimals showed higher ultimate pH levels, both darker and less red coloration, higher\nlevels of water holding capacity and tenderness compared to the values observed in steers (p < 0.05). The type of pre-slaughter management, as well as the lower level of\nfattening of the non-castrated males could be responsible for the results obtained. On the other hand, a higher level of carcass yield was observed in Brangus cattle\ncompared to Angus, while young Brangus bulls presented the lowest levels of reactivity score (p < 0.05). No significant relationship (p > 0.05) was found between the temperament exhibited by the cattle and the productive, physiological and meat quality ariables.\nThe second experiment was conducted in a commercial feedlot located in San\nAgustín, Córdoba, from December 2016 to February 2017 (82 days duration). In order to evaluate the effect of shade resource (with shade: 3.3 m2 of shade/animal vs.\nwithout shade), 90 British and Indica crossbred cattle were randomly selected per\ntreatment. Considering the conditions under which the study was conducted, shade\nprovision had an effect on certain variables. Under microclimates where the thermal index was categorized as "warm" or higher, the provision of shade resulted in a\ndecrease in panting score and changes in maintenance behavior (p < 0.05), the latter mainly expressed by the proportion of animals spending time lying or standing, which\ndepended on the time of day. In addition, lower hematocrit values (p < 0.05) and a tendency to lower total protein values were observed in animals that were provided with shade.\nThe relationship between the use of shade and increased severity of climatic\nconditions resulted in a higher percentage of cattle being able to spend time resting by lying behavior. Among animals deprived of the shade resource, a higher proportion remained standing to minimize the body surface area in contact with the ground. The\nprovision of shade had no effect over weight gain, carcass weight, erformance, health and cortisol levels (p > 0.05). Considering these results, it is possible that according to the degree of severity of the climatic conditions exhibited during the experimental\nperiod, the provision of shade might have had a positive impact on behavior and certain physiological variables, without generating modifications in the rest of the variables, which would be determined by the total number of hours of high\ntemperatures that cattle cope with heat stress.\nBased on the findings of this thesis, it can be concluded that the management\nconditions within beef livestock systems have a direct impact on behavioral indicators. These indicators are closely associated with specific factors such as animal stress levels, quantity, and meat quality variables. In future studies, it would be valuable to\nfurther investigate the effect of different management procedures on temperament.\nAdditionally, exploring the relationship between temperament and performance, as well\nas physiological and meat quality variables in steers and young bulls, would be of great interest. It is crucial to consider alternative methods that minimize stress during\nzootechnical practices like castration. In addition, it is proposed to evaluate the\neffectiveness of different strategies to mitigate heat load on animal welfare,\nperformance and meat quality variables focused particularly in feedlots located in areas\nat higher risk of heat stress. By addressing these topics, we can enhance our\nunderstanding of how management practices influence animal welfare and, consequently, the overall quality of beef |
| author2 |
Marcoppido, Gisela |
| author_facet |
Marcoppido, Gisela Langman, Leandro Ezequiel |
| format |
Tesis doctoral Tesis doctoral acceptedVersion |
| author |
Langman, Leandro Ezequiel |
| author_sort |
Langman, Leandro Ezequiel |
| title |
Bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la Argentina |
| title_short |
Bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la Argentina |
| title_full |
Bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la Argentina |
| title_fullStr |
Bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la Argentina |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la Argentina |
| title_sort |
bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la argentina |
| publisher |
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| url |
http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=avaposgra&cl=CL1&d=HWA_7538 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/avaposgra/index/assoc/HWA_7538.dir/7538.PDF |
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AT langmanleandroezequiel bienestaranimalenplantasfaenadorassituacinactualenlaargentina AT langmanleandroezequiel factoresproductivosysurelacionconelbienestaranimalenbovinosdecarneestudiodeestrestermicolarazaylacategoria |
| _version_ |
1824356466211946496 |
| spelling |
I28-R145-HWA_75382024-09-16 Bienestar animal en plantas faenadoras: situacin actual en la Argentina There are multiple aspects that affect animal welfare in production systems\nincluding environmental factors and those related to management conditions.\nRegarding the latter and considering that one of the goals of the production sector is the improvement of efficiency levels, one of the alternatives would be to have young bulls capable of naturally synthesizing anabolic hormones such as testosterone. Focusing on environmental aspects, heat stress is one of the main issues in cattle. Although cattle can adapt to a wide range of thermal environments, both\nextreme and sudden fluctuations in temperature can cause heat stress. If unable to cope with these events, animals can suffer consequences where physiology, behavior\nand health are strongly affected by the excessive heat load modifying their well-being, which in the worst case can result in death. Therefore, the provision of shade\nrepresents one of the resources to be used as a strategy to mitigate heat stress by modifying the microenvironment. Shade resource in order to modify the microenvironment represents a strategy to mitigate heat stress.\nTo address both problems, two experiments were carried out in this thesis to\nstudy the effect of: a) slaughter category and breed, and b) the use of shade during a period of high risk of heat stress, over variables associated with animal welfare in cattle.\nThe first experiment was implemented in a livestock establishment located in\nRosario de Lerma, Salta. For this purpose, 128 animals (9 months, 238 ± 4 kg) were\nrandomly selected from the herd in order to evaluate the effect of category (young bull\nvs. steer) and breed (Black Angus vs. Brangus) over welfare. Before the fattening\nstage, half of the animals of each breed group were castrated by the same personnel of the establishment, without resorting to the use of anesthesia or analgesia. After 180 days of fattening, the animals were transported to the slaughterhouse at a distance of 500 m from the farm.\nUnder the conditions where the trial was carried out, young bulls presented lower\nvalues (p < 0.05) of visual exit velocity score, higher levels of daily live weight gain, carcass yield and meat yield in 6 of the 11 meat cuts evaluated. Meat from these\nanimals showed higher ultimate pH levels, both darker and less red coloration, higher\nlevels of water holding capacity and tenderness compared to the values observed in steers (p < 0.05). The type of pre-slaughter management, as well as the lower level of\nfattening of the non-castrated males could be responsible for the results obtained. On the other hand, a higher level of carcass yield was observed in Brangus cattle\ncompared to Angus, while young Brangus bulls presented the lowest levels of reactivity score (p < 0.05). No significant relationship (p > 0.05) was found between the temperament exhibited by the cattle and the productive, physiological and meat quality ariables.\nThe second experiment was conducted in a commercial feedlot located in San\nAgustín, Córdoba, from December 2016 to February 2017 (82 days duration). In order to evaluate the effect of shade resource (with shade: 3.3 m2 of shade/animal vs.\nwithout shade), 90 British and Indica crossbred cattle were randomly selected per\ntreatment. Considering the conditions under which the study was conducted, shade\nprovision had an effect on certain variables. Under microclimates where the thermal index was categorized as "warm" or higher, the provision of shade resulted in a\ndecrease in panting score and changes in maintenance behavior (p < 0.05), the latter mainly expressed by the proportion of animals spending time lying or standing, which\ndepended on the time of day. In addition, lower hematocrit values (p < 0.05) and a tendency to lower total protein values were observed in animals that were provided with shade.\nThe relationship between the use of shade and increased severity of climatic\nconditions resulted in a higher percentage of cattle being able to spend time resting by lying behavior. Among animals deprived of the shade resource, a higher proportion remained standing to minimize the body surface area in contact with the ground. The\nprovision of shade had no effect over weight gain, carcass weight, erformance, health and cortisol levels (p > 0.05). Considering these results, it is possible that according to the degree of severity of the climatic conditions exhibited during the experimental\nperiod, the provision of shade might have had a positive impact on behavior and certain physiological variables, without generating modifications in the rest of the variables, which would be determined by the total number of hours of high\ntemperatures that cattle cope with heat stress.\nBased on the findings of this thesis, it can be concluded that the management\nconditions within beef livestock systems have a direct impact on behavioral indicators. These indicators are closely associated with specific factors such as animal stress levels, quantity, and meat quality variables. In future studies, it would be valuable to\nfurther investigate the effect of different management procedures on temperament.\nAdditionally, exploring the relationship between temperament and performance, as well\nas physiological and meat quality variables in steers and young bulls, would be of great interest. It is crucial to consider alternative methods that minimize stress during\nzootechnical practices like castration. In addition, it is proposed to evaluate the\neffectiveness of different strategies to mitigate heat load on animal welfare,\nperformance and meat quality variables focused particularly in feedlots located in areas\nat higher risk of heat stress. By addressing these topics, we can enhance our\nunderstanding of how management practices influence animal welfare and, consequently, the overall quality of beef Fil: Langman, Leandro Ezequiel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Buenos Aires, Argentina Marcoppido, Gisela Pighín, Darío Langman, Leandro Ezequiel 2023-08-18 Existen numerosos aspectos a tener en cuenta en los sistemas productivos que\ninciden sobre el bienestar de los animales, dentro de los cuales se encuentran los\nfactores ambientales y los relativos a las condiciones de manejo. Con respecto a las últimas, y conociendo que entre las metas del sector productivo se busca mejorar los niveles de eficiencia, una de las alternativas sería contar con bovinos machos enteros\njóvenes capaces de sintetizar naturalmente hormonas anabólicas como la testosterona. Focalizándonos en los aspectos ambientales, uno de los temas de mayor\ntrascendencia es el estrés por calor que sufren los bovinos. Si bien el ganado se puede adaptar a una amplia gama de entornos térmicos, tanto los valores extremos como las fluctuaciones repentinas de la temperatura pueden causar estrés térmico. De\nno poder hacer frente a estos eventos, los animales pueden sufrir consecuencias en donde la fisiología, el comportamiento y la salud se ven marcadamente influenciados\npor el medioambiente circundante afectando su bienestar, lo cual, en el peor de los escenarios, puede traducirse en su muerte. Teniendo en cuenta esto, la provisión de sombra representa uno de los recursos a utilizar como estrategia para mitigar el estrés por calor mediante la modificación en el microambiente.\nPara abordar ambas problemáticas, en la presente tesis se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos orientados al estudio del efecto que generan: a) la categoría de faena y\nla raza, y b) el recurso sombra durante un período de alto riesgo de estrés por calor, sobre variables asociadas al bienestar animal en bovinos.\nEl primer experimento se llevó a cabo en un establecimiento situado en la localidad de Rosario de Lerma, Salta. Para ello, del total del rodeo se seleccionaron al\nazar 128 animales (9 meses, 238 ± 4 kg) con la finalidad de evaluar el efecto de la\ncategoría (macho entero joven vs. novillo) y de la raza (Angus Negro vs. Brangus).\nAntes de comenzar con la etapa de engorde, la mitad de los animales de cada raza fue sometida a la castración a cuchillo realizada por el mismo personal del\nestablecimiento, sin recurrir al uso de anestesia ni analgesia. Los animales se\nengordaron durante 180 días y, finalizada esta etapa, fueron trasladados al frigorífico situado a 500 m del establecimiento.\nBajo las condiciones en las que se realizó el ensayo, los machos enteros presentaron menores valores (p < 0,05) del score visual de velocidad de salida, mayores niveles de ganancia diaria de peso vivo, del rendimiento de la canal y carnicero en 6 de los 11 cortes evaluados. En cuanto a la calidad de la carne, en estos animales se observaron mayores niveles de pH final, cortes más oscuros y con una\nmenor coloración roja, mayores niveles de capacidad de retención de agua y de terneza con respecto a los valores observados en los novillos (p < 0,05). El tipo de\nmanejo peri-faena, así como el menor nivel de engrasamiento de los machos no castrados podrían ser los causales de los resultados obtenidos. Por su parte, se observó un mayor nivel de rendimiento de la canal en bovinos Brangus con respecto a\nAngus, mientras que los machos enteros Brangus presentaron los menores niveles del score de reactividad (p < 0,05). No se encontró una relación significativa (p > 0,05)\nentre el temperamento exhibido por los bovinos y las variables productivas, fisiológicas y de calidad de carne. El segundo experimento se llevó a cabo un feedlot comercial situado en la localidad de San Agustín, Córdoba, desde diciembre de 2016 hasta febrero de 2017\n(82 días de duración). Con la finalidad de evaluar el efecto del recurso sombra (con sombra; 3,3 m2 de sombra/animal vs. sin sombra), se seleccionaron al azar 90 bovinos\ncruzas británica e índica por tratamiento. Considerando las condiciones en las que se llevó a cabo el estudio, la provisión del recurso sombra generó un efecto sobre\ndeterminadas variables. Bajo microclimas en los que el índice térmico se asoció a\ncategorías ?cálido? o superior, la provisión del recurso generó una merma en el score de jadeo y modificaciones en el comportamiento de mantenimiento (p < 0,05), éste último principalmente expresado en la proporción de animales que destinan su tiempo a echarse o estar parados, lo cual a su vez depende del momento del día. Adicionalmente, se observaron valores inferiores de hematocrito (p < 0,05) y una tendencia a menores valores de proteínas totales en animales que contaron con el recurso.La relación existente entre la utilización del recurso sombra y el aumento de la severidad de las condiciones climáticas se tradujo en un mayor porcentaje de bovinos\nque pueda destinar su tiempo al descanso en decúbito aún con valores de índices térmicos asociados a alto riesgo de estrés por calor. En animales que carecieron del recurso, una mayor proporción permaneció parado con la finalidad de reducir la\nsuperficie corporal que se encuentra en contacto con el suelo. Por su parte, la\nprovisión de sombra no generó un efecto sobre la ganancia de peso, el peso de la canal, el rendimiento, la salud y los niveles de cortisol (p > 0,05). Considerando estos\nresultados es posible que, de acuerdo al grado de severidad de las condiciones\nclimáticas exhibidas durante el periodo experimental, la provisión de sombra produzca un impacto positivo en el comportamiento y en ciertas variables fisiológicas, sin\ngenerar modificaciones en el resto de las variables, lo cual estaría determinado por la cantidad total de horas de las temperaturas elevadas que son capaces de generar\nestrés por calor.\nEn base a los resultados obtenidos, se puede concluir que las condiciones de\nmanejo del ganado en un sistema productivo bovino se reflejan en indicadores\ncomportamentales, los cuales se pueden relacionar específica y directamente con ciertos parámetros fisiológicos asociados a estrés animal, de cantidad y de calidad del producto obtenido. En estudios posteriores, resultará interesante relacionar estos\nresultados con el efecto de diversos tipos de manejo sobre el temperamento, así como la relación entre el temperamento y las variables productivas, fisiológicas y de calidad\nde carne de novillo y Macho Entero Joven, en donde prácticas zootécnicas como la castración se lleven a cabo considerando alternativas que minimicen el estrés. Por otra\nparte, resultará de interés evaluar el efecto de diversas estrategias para mitigar carga calórica sobre el bienestar animal, las variables productivas y de calidad de carne en\nsistemas de engorde a corral localizados en regiones que se asocien a un mayor riesgo de estrés por calor. application/pdf Bienestar animal Bovinos Macho entero joven Estrés por calor Calidad de carne Animal welfare young entire male heat stress meal quality spa Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/2.5/ar/ Producción animal Bovinos de carne Razas Ciencias Veterinarias Doctor de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Veterinarias Factores productivos y su relación con el bienestar animal en bovinos de carne. Estudio de estrés térmico, la raza y la categoría info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis info:ar-repo/semantics/tesis doctoral info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=avaposgra&cl=CL1&d=HWA_7538 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/avaposgra/index/assoc/HWA_7538.dir/7538.PDF |