Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati

Human toxocariasis is a disease that occurs as a result of the presence of Toxocara canis and T. cati larvae in different tissues. T. cati is the most prevalent endoparasite found in domestic cats. For many years only T. canis was considered as the most important, perhaps the only agent of human tox...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal:	Sierra, María Florencia
Otros Autores:	Mundo, Silvia
Formato:	Tesis de maestría acceptedVersion
Lenguaje:	Español
Publicado:	Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica 2018
Materias:	Toxocara cati Respuesta inmunológica Porcinos Ciencias de la vida
Acceso en línea:	http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=afamaster&cl=CL1&d=HWA_3026 http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/afamaster/index/assoc/HWA_3026.dir/3026.PDF
Aporte de:	Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires

id	I28-R145-HWA_3026
record_format	dspace
institution	Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str	I-28
repository_str	R-145
collection	Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)
language	Español
orig_language_str_mv	spa
topic	Toxocara cati Respuesta inmunológica Porcinos Ciencias de la vida
spellingShingle	Toxocara cati Respuesta inmunológica Porcinos Ciencias de la vida Sierra, María Florencia Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati
topic_facet	Toxocara cati Respuesta inmunológica Porcinos Ciencias de la vida
description	Human toxocariasis is a disease that occurs as a result of the presence of Toxocara canis and T. cati larvae in different tissues. T. cati is the most prevalent endoparasite found in domestic cats. For many years only T. canis was considered as the most important, perhaps the only agent of human toxocariasis and the role as a zoonotic agent of T. cati was underestimated.\nFemale worms of T. cati eliminate unsegmented eggs through the feces of the parasitized cats. The eggs need to maturate in the environment to reach its infecting stage (L3). The main source of infection for the definitive and paratenic hosts, including the humans, is through the eggs present in the environment. Currently, T. cati is frequently found in the environment and it represents a risk to public health.\nHuman toxocariasis includes the recognized syndromes Larva Migrans Visceral, Larva Migrans Ocular, Neurotoxocariasis and Covert Toxocariasis. Definitive diagnosis is only accessible through visualization of larvae in different tissues by biopsy, but it is an invasive, and low practical method. Nowadays, indirect techniques are used to detect the immune response triggered by the presence of the parasite. An ELISA detecting specific IgG antibodies against the "excretory-secretory" antigens of Toxocara (TES) is considered the worldwide reference test. It has a high sensitivity but low specificity. In countries like Argentina where polyparasitism exist this is a disadvantage due to the presence of cross-reactions mainly with other helminths. Development of Western Blot technique that allows the visualization of specific bands of Toxocara spp. infection has reduced false positive results and is used as confirmatory test.\nIn vivo experimental models allows to study processes that are complex. Because of their physiological and immunological similarities with humans, pigs represent a good experimental model to study Toxocara cati infection and the development of the specific humoral immune response. At present there are no studies performed on experimentally infected pigs with T. cati eggs that study the immune response and its evolution over time.\nAn experimental study was conducted in porcine with a single dose of infective eggs of Toxocara cati. The specific humoral immune response against the TES antigen was studied. TES antigen was obtained from the culture of larvae from eggs found in feces of naturally infected cats. The evolution of specific humoral immune response in the acute and chronic stages of infection was evaluated. ELISA and Western Blot techniques were used to determine specific IgM and IgG antibodies. Both techniques are those used for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis ELISA and Western Blot techniques detected the development of an immune response against T. cati infection in pigs. It was different depending on the time of evolution of the infection. Significant differences in the kinetic behavior of both immunoglobulins isotype studied at different times were observed during the acute stage through the ELISA technique. No statistical differences were detected during the chronic stage of infection where both immunoglobulins presented high and stable levels.\nWestern Blot technique allowed the visualization of a different immunogenic band pattern between the acute and chronic stages of T. cati infection. For both immunoglobulins, higher molecular weight bands appeared from the beginning of the infection in the acute stage. The chronic stage of infection was characterized by lower molecular weight bands. Greater differences were observed in the chronic stage between the specific IgM and IgG antibodies. Specific IgG presented the more immunogenic bands. Specific IgM antibody only shows a band of approximately 31 kDa.\nPigs have been proposed as a model of excellence for the study of the infection by Toxocara spp. in paratenic hosts like humans. In consequence, results obtained during this thesis provide information that could be useful to study the humoral immune response in humans and thus improve the diagnosis of human toxocariasis. In addition, they provide information on the response of specific IgM antibodies against T. cati infection, about which little is known.
author2	Mundo, Silvia
author_facet	Mundo, Silvia Sierra, María Florencia
format	Tesis de maestría Tesis de maestría acceptedVersion
author	Sierra, María Florencia
author_sort	Sierra, María Florencia
title	Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati
title_short	Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati
title_full	Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati
title_fullStr	Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati
title_full_unstemmed	Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati
title_sort	respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de toxocara cati
publisher	Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
publishDate	2018
url	http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=afamaster&cl=CL1&d=HWA_3026 http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/afamaster/index/assoc/HWA_3026.dir/3026.PDF
work_keys_str_mv	AT sierramariaflorencia respuestainmunologicaenporcinosexperimentalmenteinfectadosconlarvasdetoxocaracati
_version_	1766017524182286336
spelling	I28-R145-HWA_30262022-03-03 Human toxocariasis is a disease that occurs as a result of the presence of Toxocara canis and T. cati larvae in different tissues. T. cati is the most prevalent endoparasite found in domestic cats. For many years only T. canis was considered as the most important, perhaps the only agent of human toxocariasis and the role as a zoonotic agent of T. cati was underestimated.\nFemale worms of T. cati eliminate unsegmented eggs through the feces of the parasitized cats. The eggs need to maturate in the environment to reach its infecting stage (L3). The main source of infection for the definitive and paratenic hosts, including the humans, is through the eggs present in the environment. Currently, T. cati is frequently found in the environment and it represents a risk to public health.\nHuman toxocariasis includes the recognized syndromes Larva Migrans Visceral, Larva Migrans Ocular, Neurotoxocariasis and Covert Toxocariasis. Definitive diagnosis is only accessible through visualization of larvae in different tissues by biopsy, but it is an invasive, and low practical method. Nowadays, indirect techniques are used to detect the immune response triggered by the presence of the parasite. An ELISA detecting specific IgG antibodies against the "excretory-secretory" antigens of Toxocara (TES) is considered the worldwide reference test. It has a high sensitivity but low specificity. In countries like Argentina where polyparasitism exist this is a disadvantage due to the presence of cross-reactions mainly with other helminths. Development of Western Blot technique that allows the visualization of specific bands of Toxocara spp. infection has reduced false positive results and is used as confirmatory test.\nIn vivo experimental models allows to study processes that are complex. Because of their physiological and immunological similarities with humans, pigs represent a good experimental model to study Toxocara cati infection and the development of the specific humoral immune response. At present there are no studies performed on experimentally infected pigs with T. cati eggs that study the immune response and its evolution over time.\nAn experimental study was conducted in porcine with a single dose of infective eggs of Toxocara cati. The specific humoral immune response against the TES antigen was studied. TES antigen was obtained from the culture of larvae from eggs found in feces of naturally infected cats. The evolution of specific humoral immune response in the acute and chronic stages of infection was evaluated. ELISA and Western Blot techniques were used to determine specific IgM and IgG antibodies. Both techniques are those used for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis ELISA and Western Blot techniques detected the development of an immune response against T. cati infection in pigs. It was different depending on the time of evolution of the infection. Significant differences in the kinetic behavior of both immunoglobulins isotype studied at different times were observed during the acute stage through the ELISA technique. No statistical differences were detected during the chronic stage of infection where both immunoglobulins presented high and stable levels.\nWestern Blot technique allowed the visualization of a different immunogenic band pattern between the acute and chronic stages of T. cati infection. For both immunoglobulins, higher molecular weight bands appeared from the beginning of the infection in the acute stage. The chronic stage of infection was characterized by lower molecular weight bands. Greater differences were observed in the chronic stage between the specific IgM and IgG antibodies. Specific IgG presented the more immunogenic bands. Specific IgM antibody only shows a band of approximately 31 kDa.\nPigs have been proposed as a model of excellence for the study of the infection by Toxocara spp. in paratenic hosts like humans. In consequence, results obtained during this thesis provide information that could be useful to study the humoral immune response in humans and thus improve the diagnosis of human toxocariasis. In addition, they provide information on the response of specific IgM antibodies against T. cati infection, about which little is known. Fil: Sierra, María Florencia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Buenos Aires, Argentina Mundo, Silvia Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Sommerfelt, Irma E. Sierra, María Florencia 2018-12-20 La toxocariasis humana es una enfermedad que se produce como consecuencia de la presencia de larvas de Toxocara. canis y T. cati en los diferentes tejidos. T. cati es el endoparásito más prevalente hallado en los gatos domésticos. Durante muchos años sólo se consideró a T. canis como el más importante, quizás el único agente de la toxocariasis humana y su rol como agente zoonótico fue subestimado.\nLas hembras de T. cati eliminan huevos no segmentados a través de la materia fecal de los felinos parasitados. Éstos requieren de un tiempo de maduración en el ambiente para alcanzar su estadio infectante (L3). La principal fuente de infección para los hospedadores definitivos y paraténicos, incluido el ser humano, es a través de los mismos presentes en medio ambiente. En la actualidad T. cati se encuentra frecuentemente en el ambiente y representa un riesgo para la salud pública.\nLa toxocariasis humana incluye los reconocidos síndromes Larva Migrans Visceral, Larva Migrans Ocular, Neurotoxocariasis y Toxocariasis Encubierta. El diagnóstico definitivo sólo es accesible a través de la visualización de larvas en los diferentes tejidos mediante biopsia, pero es un método invasivo y de baja practicidad. En la actualidad, se emplean técnicas indirectas que permiten detectar la respuesta inmune desencadenada frente a la presencia del parásito. La medición de anticuerpos específicos IgG frente al antígeno ?excretor- secretor? de Toxocara (TES) mediante la técnica de ELISA se considera de referencia a nivel mundial. La misma posee una alta sensibilidad, pero baja especificidad. Esto es un inconveniente en países como la Argentina donde existe poliparasitismo debido a la presencia de reacciones cruzadas principalmente con otros parásitos helmintos. El desarrollo de la técnica de Western Blot que permite la visualización de bandas específicas de la infección por Toxocara spp. ha permitido reducir el número de resultados falsos positivos y se utiliza como prueba confirmatoria.\nEl uso de modelos experimentales in vivo permite el estudio de procesos complejos. Los porcinos por sus similitudes fisiológicas e inmunológicas con los seres humanos representan un buen modelo experimental que permite estudiar la infección por Toxocara cati y la respuesta inmunológica humoral específica desarrollada. En la actualidad no se encuentran trabajos realizados en cerdos infectados experimentalmente con huevos de T. cati que estudien la respuesta inmunológica y su evolución en el tiempo.\nSe desarrolló un estudio experimental en porcinos con una dosis única de huevos infectantes de Toxocara cati. Se estudió la respuesta inmunológica humoral específica frente al antígeno TES del parásito. El mismo se obtuvo a partir del cultivo de larvas provenientes de huevos presentes en materia fecal de felinos infectados naturalmente. Se evaluó la evolución de respuesta inmunológica humoral específica en las etapas aguda y crónica de infección. Se utilizaron las técnicas de ELISA y Western Blot para la medición de los anticuerpos específicos IgM e IgG. Ambas técnicas son las que se emplean para el diagnóstico de toxocariasis humana.\nSe detectó en los porcinos el desarrollo de una respuesta inmunológica frente a la infección por T. cati medida por las técnicas de ELISA y Western Blot. La misma fue diferente según el tiempo de evolución de la infección. Mediante la técnica de ELISA se observaron diferencias significativas durante la etapa aguda en el comportamiento cinético de ambas inmunoglobulinas a diferentes tiempos. En la etapa crónica de infección no se detectaron diferencias estadísticas manteniéndose ambas inmunoglobulinas en niveles elevados y estables.\nLa técnica de Western Blot permitió la visualización de un patrón de bandas inmunogénicas diferente entre las etapas aguda y crónica de la infección por T. cati. Para ambos isotipos de inmunoglobulinas estudiados, las bandas de mayor peso molecular aparecieron desde el comienzo de la infección en la etapa aguda mientras que la etapa crónica de infección se caracterizó por poseer bandas de menor peso molecular. En la etapa crónica se observaron mayores diferencias entre los anticuerpos específicos IgM e IgG, siendo esta última la que presentó mayor variedad de bandas inmunogénicas. Para la IgM específica a TES de T. cati sólo se detectó una banda de 31 kDa aproximadamente.\nLos porcinos han sido propuestos como un modelo de excelencia para el estudio de la infección por Toxocara spp. en hospedadores paraténicos como los seres humanos. En consecuencia, los resultados obtenidos durante el desarrollo de la presente tesis brindan información que podría ser de utilidad para estudiar la respuesta inmunológica humoral en los seres humanos y mejorar así el diagnóstico de la toxocariasis humana. Además, aportan información sobre la respuesta de los anticuerpos IgM específicos frente a la infección por T. cati sobre los cuales se tiene poco conocimiento. application/pdf Jar, Ana Guarnera, Eduardo Lopez, Clara Toxocara cati Respuesta inmunológica Porcinos spa Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/ Ciencias de la vida Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis info:ar-repo/semantics/tesis de maestría info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=afamaster&cl=CL1&d=HWA_3026 http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/afamaster/index/assoc/HWA_3026.dir/3026.PDF

Respuesta inmunológica en porcinos experimentalmente infectados con larvas de Toxocara cati

Ejemplares similares