The Anticolonialist Discourse in Classical Rhetoric: The Controversy between Alcidamas and Isocrates on Messenia

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This paper intends to reveal how the anti- colonial discourse found a particular place in the ancient Greek rhetoric. In the Classical Age, two disciples of Gorgias, the orators Alcidamas and Isocrates, took part in a debate about the independence of Messenia, recently conquered by Sparta. Both auth...

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Autor principal: Sànchez, Jordi Redondo
Formato: Artículo publishedVersion Artículo evaluado por pares
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires 2020
Materias:
Alcidamas
Messenia
Colonialism
Slavery
Alcidamante
Mesenia
colonialismo
esclavitud
Acceso en línea:https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/analesHAMM/article/view/5270
https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=moderna&d=5270_oai
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spelling I28-R145-5270_oai2025-11-17 Sànchez, Jordi Redondo 2020-05-20 This paper intends to reveal how the anti- colonial discourse found a particular place in the ancient Greek rhetoric. In the Classical Age, two disciples of Gorgias, the orators Alcidamas and Isocrates, took part in a debate about the independence of Messenia, recently conquered by Sparta. Both authors were critical of each other for many years, being the Messenian crisis an episode in their quarrel. A complete discourse of Isocrates, the Archidamus, survived, but unfortunately only three brief fragments of the Messeniac of Alcidamas did. Isocrates made use of all kind of arguments to justify the Spartan colonization of Messenia: first of all, the power of myth and, in second place, the military action, plus other topics taken from the status quo. Conversely, Alcidamas offered arguments taken from the sophists, like a passage from the orator and thinker Antiphon. The political opposition between both orators was expressed in the use of different conceptual tools so the attention will be focused on the devices used by each one in order to examine the adaptation of those elements to the rhetorical debate. A fragment taken from the comic author Philemon will be added in order to evaluate the reception of a number of ideas that pre- announced ideals of philanthropy and universalism typical of the Hellenistic Age. El presente trabajo se plantea mostrar cómo el discurso anticolonialista se abrió paso en la retórica de la Grecia antigua. En plena época clásica, dos discípulos de Gorgias, los oradores Alcidamante e Isócrates, tomaron parte activa en la polémica sobre la independencia de Mesenia, que los espartanos en todo momento reconocían como una conquista militar. Ambos autores alimentaron durante años una mutua crítica que tiene en la cuestión mesenia un episodio más. Desgraciadamente contamos con un discurso entero de Isócrates, el Arquídamo, frente a tan sólo tres breves fragmentos del Meseníaco de Alcidamante. Isócrates abundó en todo tipo de expedientes que justificaran el sometimiento de los mesenios a los espartanos, y para ello empleó en primer lugar la fuerza del mito, a la que unió la derivada de la acción militar y de otros argumentos nacidos del status quo. Alcidamante, en cambio, invoca argumentos cuyo origen puede rastrearse en la sofística, a partir de un pasaje del orador y ensayista Antifonte. La oposición política se plasma en el empleo de diferentes recursos conceptuales, cuya traslación al debate retórico intentamos reconstruir. Un fragmento del comediógrafo Filemón permite también apreciar la difusión de ideas que prenuncian ideales de filantropía y universalismo propios de la época helenística. application/pdf https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/analesHAMM/article/view/5270 10.34096/ahamm.v53.5270 spa Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/analesHAMM/article/view/5270/7078 Anales de Historia Antigua, Medieval y Moderna; Vol. 53 (2019); 21-31 1853-1555 1514-9927 Alcidamas Messenia Colonialism Slavery Alcidamante Mesenia colonialismo esclavitud The Anticolonialist Discourse in Classical Rhetoric: The Controversy between Alcidamas and Isocrates on Messenia El discurso anticolonialista en la retórica clásica griega: la polémica entre Alcidamente e Isócrates sobre Mesenia info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo evaluado por pares https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=moderna&d=5270_oai
institution Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str I-28
repository_str R-145
collection Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)
language Español
orig_language_str_mv spa
topic Alcidamas
Messenia
Colonialism
Slavery
Alcidamante
Mesenia
colonialismo
esclavitud
spellingShingle Alcidamas
Messenia
Colonialism
Slavery
Alcidamante
Mesenia
colonialismo
esclavitud
Sànchez, Jordi Redondo
The Anticolonialist Discourse in Classical Rhetoric: The Controversy between Alcidamas and Isocrates on Messenia
topic_facet Alcidamas
Messenia
Colonialism
Slavery
Alcidamante
Mesenia
colonialismo
esclavitud
description This paper intends to reveal how the anti- colonial discourse found a particular place in the ancient Greek rhetoric. In the Classical Age, two disciples of Gorgias, the orators Alcidamas and Isocrates, took part in a debate about the independence of Messenia, recently conquered by Sparta. Both authors were critical of each other for many years, being the Messenian crisis an episode in their quarrel. A complete discourse of Isocrates, the Archidamus, survived, but unfortunately only three brief fragments of the Messeniac of Alcidamas did. Isocrates made use of all kind of arguments to justify the Spartan colonization of Messenia: first of all, the power of myth and, in second place, the military action, plus other topics taken from the status quo. Conversely, Alcidamas offered arguments taken from the sophists, like a passage from the orator and thinker Antiphon. The political opposition between both orators was expressed in the use of different conceptual tools so the attention will be focused on the devices used by each one in order to examine the adaptation of those elements to the rhetorical debate. A fragment taken from the comic author Philemon will be added in order to evaluate the reception of a number of ideas that pre- announced ideals of philanthropy and universalism typical of the Hellenistic Age.
format Artículo
publishedVersion
Artículo evaluado por pares
author Sànchez, Jordi Redondo
author_facet Sànchez, Jordi Redondo
author_sort Sànchez, Jordi Redondo
title The Anticolonialist Discourse in Classical Rhetoric: The Controversy between Alcidamas and Isocrates on Messenia
title_short The Anticolonialist Discourse in Classical Rhetoric: The Controversy between Alcidamas and Isocrates on Messenia
title_full The Anticolonialist Discourse in Classical Rhetoric: The Controversy between Alcidamas and Isocrates on Messenia
title_fullStr The Anticolonialist Discourse in Classical Rhetoric: The Controversy between Alcidamas and Isocrates on Messenia
title_full_unstemmed The Anticolonialist Discourse in Classical Rhetoric: The Controversy between Alcidamas and Isocrates on Messenia
title_sort anticolonialist discourse in classical rhetoric: the controversy between alcidamas and isocrates on messenia
publisher Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires
publishDate 2020
url https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/analesHAMM/article/view/5270
https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=moderna&d=5270_oai
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AT sanchezjordiredondo anticolonialistdiscourseinclassicalrhetoricthecontroversybetweenalcidamasandisocratesonmessenia
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