Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli

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Among the Mexica of the Mesoamerican central highlands, various forms of violent confrontations took place where opposing groups faced each other with the purpose of injuring or capturing their adversaries. These practices, identified as “ritual battles or skirmishes,” were performed in at least eig...

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Autor principal:	Díaz Barriga Cuevas, Alejandro
Formato:	Artículo publishedVersion
Lenguaje:	Español
Publicado:	Sección Etnohistoria, Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas. FFyL, UBA 2025
Materias:	batallas rituales desollamiento Xipe Totec tiza y zacate ritual battles flaying chalk and zacate grass batalhas rituais esfolamento giz e capim zacate
Acceso en línea:	https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/MA/article/view/17425 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=MA&d=17425_oai
Aporte de:	Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires

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institution	Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str	I-28
repository_str	R-145
collection	Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)
language	Español
orig_language_str_mv	spa
topic	batallas rituales desollamiento Xipe Totec tiza y zacate ritual battles flaying Xipe Totec chalk and zacate grass batalhas rituais esfolamento Xipe Totec giz e capim zacate
spellingShingle	batallas rituales desollamiento Xipe Totec tiza y zacate ritual battles flaying Xipe Totec chalk and zacate grass batalhas rituais esfolamento Xipe Totec giz e capim zacate Díaz Barriga Cuevas, Alejandro Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli
topic_facet	batallas rituales desollamiento Xipe Totec tiza y zacate ritual battles flaying Xipe Totec chalk and zacate grass batalhas rituais esfolamento Xipe Totec giz e capim zacate
description	Among the Mexica of the Mesoamerican central highlands, various forms of violent confrontations took place where opposing groups faced each other with the purpose of injuring or capturing their adversaries. These practices, identified as “ritual battles or skirmishes,” were performed in at least eight veintenas. One of the most significant occurred during tlacaxipehualiztli, a festivity dedicated to Xipe Totec, where flaying and the use of human skins constituted the central element. The participants, divided into xipeme (warriors) and tototectin (sick people who had made vows), wore the skins of sacrificed victims and engaged in a battle that transformed the city into a ceremonial field. The confrontation began at dawn, after the participants displayed themselves on zacate grass and chalk, symbolic elements that represented earth and sun respectively. The following twenty days included house visits to collect goods and sporadic confrontations between skin bearers, culminating with the ritual burial of the skins in the temple of Yopico.
format	Artículo publishedVersion
author	Díaz Barriga Cuevas, Alejandro
author_facet	Díaz Barriga Cuevas, Alejandro
author_sort	Díaz Barriga Cuevas, Alejandro
title	Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli
title_short	Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli
title_full	Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli
title_fullStr	Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli
title_full_unstemmed	Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli
title_sort	xipeme and tototectin. the skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli
publisher	Sección Etnohistoria, Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas. FFyL, UBA
publishDate	2025
url	https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/MA/article/view/17425 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=MA&d=17425_oai
work_keys_str_mv	AT diazbarrigacuevasalejandro xipemeandtototectintheskirmishesofskinbearersintlacaxipehualiztli AT diazbarrigacuevasalejandro xipemeytototectinlasescaramuzasdelosportadoresdepielesentlacaxipehualiztli AT diazbarrigacuevasalejandro xipemeetototectinasescaramucasdosportadoresdepelesemtlacaxipehualiztli
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spelling	I28-R145-17425_oai2026-02-10 Díaz Barriga Cuevas, Alejandro 2025-12-22 Among the Mexica of the Mesoamerican central highlands, various forms of violent confrontations took place where opposing groups faced each other with the purpose of injuring or capturing their adversaries. These practices, identified as “ritual battles or skirmishes,” were performed in at least eight veintenas. One of the most significant occurred during tlacaxipehualiztli, a festivity dedicated to Xipe Totec, where flaying and the use of human skins constituted the central element. The participants, divided into xipeme (warriors) and tototectin (sick people who had made vows), wore the skins of sacrificed victims and engaged in a battle that transformed the city into a ceremonial field. The confrontation began at dawn, after the participants displayed themselves on zacate grass and chalk, symbolic elements that represented earth and sun respectively. The following twenty days included house visits to collect goods and sporadic confrontations between skin bearers, culminating with the ritual burial of the skins in the temple of Yopico. Entre los mexica del Altiplano central mesoamericano se llevaban a cabo distintas formas de confrontaciones violentas donde bandos opuestos se enfrentaban con el propósito de lesionar o aprehender a sus adversarios. Estas prácticas, identificadas como “batallas o escaramuzas rituales”, se realizaban en al menos ocho fiestas veintenales. Una de las más significativas ocurría en tlacaxipehualiztli, festividad dedicada a Xipe Totec, donde el desollamiento y uso de pieles humanas constituía el elemento central. Los participantes, divididos en xipeme (guerreros) y tototectin (enfermos que habían hecho votos), portaban pieles de sacrificados y se enfrentaban en una batalla que transformaba la ciudad en un campo ceremonial. La confrontación iniciaba al amanecer, tras exhibirse los participantes sobre el zacate y la tiza, elementos simbólicos que representaban la tierra y el sol respectivamente. Los veinte días posteriores incluían visitas domiciliarias para recolectar bienes y enfrentamientos esporádicos entre portadores de pieles, culminando con el entierro ritual de estas en el templo de Yopico. Entre os mexicas do Altiplano central mesoamericano realizavam-se distintas formas de confrontos violentos onde grupos opostos se enfrentavam com o propósito de ferir ou capturar seus adversários. Estas práticas, identificadas como “batalhas ou escaramuças rituais”, eram realizadas em pelo menos oito festas veintenas. Uma das mais significativas ocorria em tlacaxipehualiztli, festividade dedicada a Xipe Totec, onde o esfolamento e uso de peles humanas constituía o elemento central. Os participantes, divididos em xipeme (guerreiros) e tototectin (enfermos que haviam feito votos), portavam peles de sacrificados e se enfrentavam numa batalha que transformava a cidade em um campo cerimonial. O confronto iniciava ao amanhecer, após os participantes se exibirem sobre o capim zacate e o giz elementos simbólicos que representavam a terra e o sol respectivamente. Os vinte dias posteriores incluíam visitas domiciliares para coletar bens e confrontos esporádicos entre portadores de peles, culminando com o enterro ritual destas no templo de Yopico. application/pdf https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/MA/article/view/17425 10.34096/mace.v33i2.17425 spa Sección Etnohistoria, Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas. FFyL, UBA https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/MA/article/view/17425/15612 Derechos de autor 2025 Memoria Americana. Cuadernos de Etnohistoria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 Memoria Americana. Cuadernos de Etnohistoria; Vol. 33 No. 2 (2025); 24-48 Memoria Americana. Cuadernos de Etnohistoria; Vol. 33 Núm. 2 (2025); 24-48 1851-3751 0327-5752 batallas rituales desollamiento Xipe Totec tiza y zacate ritual battles flaying Xipe Totec chalk and zacate grass batalhas rituais esfolamento Xipe Totec giz e capim zacate Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli Xipeme y Tototectin. Las escaramuzas de los portadores de pieles en tlacaxipehualiztli Xipeme e Tototectin. As escaramuças dos portadores de peles em tlacaxipehualiztli info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=MA&d=17425_oai

Xipeme and Tototectin. The skirmishes of skin bearers in tlacaxipehualiztli

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