Bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in Spanish Guinea during World War I (1916-1919)

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The neutrality adopted by Spain during the First World War was compromised in its colonial possessions in the Gulf of Guinea. The war in the German colony of Cameroon, neighboring the Spanish territory of Río Muni, caused a humanitarian crisis of enormous proportions. The German colonial army, along...

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Autor principal: Font Gavira, Carlos
Formato: Artículo publishedVersion Articles Artículos Artigos
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires 2025
Materias:
Camerún
Guinea Española
Bokoko
Internación
Primera Guerra Mundial
Cameroon
Spanish Guinea
Internment
First World War
Acceso en línea:https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/historiayguerra/article/view/16817
https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=histogue&d=16817_oai
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Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) de Universidad de Buenos Aires
id I28-R145-16817_oai
record_format dspace
spelling I28-R145-16817_oai2025-11-17 Font Gavira, Carlos 2025-03-10 The neutrality adopted by Spain during the First World War was compromised in its colonial possessions in the Gulf of Guinea. The war in the German colony of Cameroon, neighboring the Spanish territory of Río Muni, caused a humanitarian crisis of enormous proportions. The German colonial army, along with its African troops (askaris), was followed by thousands of Cameroonian civilians made up of entire families (women, the elderly and children). The Spanish government moved the Germans and their African soldiers to the island of Fernando Poo, where they were established in several camps under a military organization. The space dedicated to Cameroonian civilians was named Bokoko. We explore this experience where different Cameroonian ethnic groups coexisted under the protection of Spanish neutrality. The link between them was their support for the Germans, voluntary or forced, which was vital to understanding the basis of indigenous support for colonial power. La neutralidad adoptada por España, durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, estuvo comprometida en sus posesiones coloniales del Golfo de Guinea. La guerra en la colonia alemana de Camerún, vecina del territorio español de Río Muni, provocó una crisis humanitaria de enormes proporciones. El ejército colonial alemán junto a sus tropas africanas (askaris) fue seguido por  miles de civiles cameruneses compuestos de familias enteras (mujeres, ancianos y niños). El gobierno español trasladó a los alemanes y sus soldados africanos a la isla de Fernando Poo donde fueron establecidos en varios campamentos bajo una organización militar. El espacio dedicado a los civiles cameruneses recibió el nombre de Bokoko. Exploramos esta experiencia donde convivieron distintos grupos étnicos cameruneses bajo el amparo de la neutralidad española. El nexo de unión de todos ellos era su apoyo  a los alemanes, voluntario o forzado, clave para entender las bases de apoyo indígena al poder colonial. application/pdf application/octet-stream https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/historiayguerra/article/view/16817 10.34096/hyg.n7.16817 spa Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/historiayguerra/article/view/16817/14138 https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/historiayguerra/article/view/16817/14168 Derechos de autor 2025 Carlos Font Gavira Historia & Guerra; No. 7 (2025): January-June; 146-165 Historia & Guerra; Núm. 7 (2025): Enero-Junio; 146-165 2796-8650 Camerún Guinea Española Bokoko Internación Primera Guerra Mundial Cameroon Spanish Guinea Bokoko Internment First World War Bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in Spanish Guinea during World War I (1916-1919) Bokoko: una experiencia de convivencia interétnica en la Guinea Española durante la Primera Guerra Mundial (1916-1919) info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articles Artículos Artigos https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=histogue&d=16817_oai
institution Universidad de Buenos Aires
institution_str I-28
repository_str R-145
collection Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)
language Español
orig_language_str_mv spa
topic Camerún
Guinea Española
Bokoko
Internación
Primera Guerra Mundial
Cameroon
Spanish Guinea
Bokoko
Internment
First World War
spellingShingle Camerún
Guinea Española
Bokoko
Internación
Primera Guerra Mundial
Cameroon
Spanish Guinea
Bokoko
Internment
First World War
Font Gavira, Carlos
Bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in Spanish Guinea during World War I (1916-1919)
topic_facet Camerún
Guinea Española
Bokoko
Internación
Primera Guerra Mundial
Cameroon
Spanish Guinea
Bokoko
Internment
First World War
description The neutrality adopted by Spain during the First World War was compromised in its colonial possessions in the Gulf of Guinea. The war in the German colony of Cameroon, neighboring the Spanish territory of Río Muni, caused a humanitarian crisis of enormous proportions. The German colonial army, along with its African troops (askaris), was followed by thousands of Cameroonian civilians made up of entire families (women, the elderly and children). The Spanish government moved the Germans and their African soldiers to the island of Fernando Poo, where they were established in several camps under a military organization. The space dedicated to Cameroonian civilians was named Bokoko. We explore this experience where different Cameroonian ethnic groups coexisted under the protection of Spanish neutrality. The link between them was their support for the Germans, voluntary or forced, which was vital to understanding the basis of indigenous support for colonial power.
format Artículo
publishedVersion
Articles
Artículos
Artigos
author Font Gavira, Carlos
author_facet Font Gavira, Carlos
author_sort Font Gavira, Carlos
title Bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in Spanish Guinea during World War I (1916-1919)
title_short Bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in Spanish Guinea during World War I (1916-1919)
title_full Bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in Spanish Guinea during World War I (1916-1919)
title_fullStr Bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in Spanish Guinea during World War I (1916-1919)
title_full_unstemmed Bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in Spanish Guinea during World War I (1916-1919)
title_sort bokoko: an experience of interethnic coexistence in spanish guinea during world war i (1916-1919)
publisher Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires
publishDate 2025
url https://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/historiayguerra/article/view/16817
https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=histogue&d=16817_oai
work_keys_str_mv AT fontgaviracarlos bokokoanexperienceofinterethniccoexistenceinspanishguineaduringworldwari19161919
AT fontgaviracarlos bokokounaexperienciadeconvivenciainteretnicaenlaguineaespanoladurantelaprimeraguerramundial19161919
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