Efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática.

From this review it was possible to visualize a marked benefit on maternal health in all the aspects analyzed, the increase in the duration of breastfeeding has protective effects on bone health, metabolic cardio, joint health and on gynecological conditions, compared to women who they never breastf...

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Autor principal: Ferrando, Milagros
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (UNL) 2025
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Acceso en línea:https://bibliotecavirtual.unl.edu.ar/publicaciones/index.php/index/article/view/13526
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id I26-R133-article-13526
record_format ojs
institution Universidad Nacional del Litoral
institution_str I-26
repository_str R-133
container_title_str Biblioteca Virtual - Publicaciones (UNL)
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic Efectos
Lactancia materna
Lactancia materna prolongada
spellingShingle Efectos
Lactancia materna
Lactancia materna prolongada
Ferrando, Milagros
Efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática.
topic_facet Efectos
Lactancia materna
Lactancia materna prolongada
author Ferrando, Milagros
author_facet Ferrando, Milagros
author_sort Ferrando, Milagros
title Efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática.
title_short Efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática.
title_full Efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática.
title_fullStr Efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática.
title_full_unstemmed Efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática.
title_sort efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática.
description From this review it was possible to visualize a marked benefit on maternal health in all the aspects analyzed, the increase in the duration of breastfeeding has protective effects on bone health, metabolic cardio, joint health and on gynecological conditions, compared to women who they never breastfed, as well as those who breastfed for less time. Most of the studies analyzed indicated a dose-response relationship between breastfeeding and the health benefits for children. In relation to the evidence on the subject studied, there are no contraindications that involve suspending breastfeeding to avoid effects that threaten physical and emotional Breastfeeding is considered an important practice to promote infant health. The evidence of the benefits of breastfeeding has led to it being recommended exclusively for six months, and from that age in conjunction with the introduction of appropriate safe foods and continuing it until two years or more. The objective of this work is to analyze the effects of breastfeeding for more than 24 months on maternal and child health. The justification for this search is based on the existing rejection by both society and health professionals to the practice of breastfeeding for more than 24 months, despite the fact that various international organizations such as WHO or UNICEF advocate for continuity of the same and consider that weaning should occur when the mother and child wish. The fact that there is no way to define in words, breastfeeding that lasts for more than 24 months, is also a personal motivation to do this work. This work was carried out on the basis of a systematic search that included a review of the scientific publications found on this topic. Regarding the effects on maternal health, several large studies included in this review suggest that cumulative breastfeeding for more than 24 months is associated with better cardio-metabolic health. Joint health benefits were found by reducing the risk of development and positive effects on the reduction of gynecological conditions and type 2 diabetes among women, as well as glucose metabolic biomarkers. With regard to bone health, the results found were uneven. Regarding child health, breastfeeding for more than 24 months has a relevant impact on the development of overweight and obesity. Some authors found associations between breastfeeding beyond two years of age and infant development in relation to receptive language and verbal and non-verbal intelligence, visual reception, and motor control performance. The relationship between oral health and breastfeeding remains in dispute; the study included in this review found that breastfeeding for 24 months or more was associated with infant caries. health, reaffirming the recommendation of WHO and UNICEF and that accompany the Argentine Society of Pediatrics and the Latin American Association of Pediatrics of continue breastfeeding for 2 years and more.
publisher Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (UNL)
publishDate 2025
url https://bibliotecavirtual.unl.edu.ar/publicaciones/index.php/index/article/view/13526
work_keys_str_mv AT ferrandomilagros efectosdelalactanciamaternapormasde24mesesunarevisionsistematica
first_indexed 2025-06-15T05:05:13Z
last_indexed 2025-09-15T05:01:56Z
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spelling I26-R133-article-135262025-07-01T18:47:29Z Efectos de la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses: una revisión sistemática. Ferrando, Milagros Efectos Lactancia materna Lactancia materna prolongada From this review it was possible to visualize a marked benefit on maternal health in all the aspects analyzed, the increase in the duration of breastfeeding has protective effects on bone health, metabolic cardio, joint health and on gynecological conditions, compared to women who they never breastfed, as well as those who breastfed for less time. Most of the studies analyzed indicated a dose-response relationship between breastfeeding and the health benefits for children. In relation to the evidence on the subject studied, there are no contraindications that involve suspending breastfeeding to avoid effects that threaten physical and emotional Breastfeeding is considered an important practice to promote infant health. The evidence of the benefits of breastfeeding has led to it being recommended exclusively for six months, and from that age in conjunction with the introduction of appropriate safe foods and continuing it until two years or more. The objective of this work is to analyze the effects of breastfeeding for more than 24 months on maternal and child health. The justification for this search is based on the existing rejection by both society and health professionals to the practice of breastfeeding for more than 24 months, despite the fact that various international organizations such as WHO or UNICEF advocate for continuity of the same and consider that weaning should occur when the mother and child wish. The fact that there is no way to define in words, breastfeeding that lasts for more than 24 months, is also a personal motivation to do this work. This work was carried out on the basis of a systematic search that included a review of the scientific publications found on this topic. Regarding the effects on maternal health, several large studies included in this review suggest that cumulative breastfeeding for more than 24 months is associated with better cardio-metabolic health. Joint health benefits were found by reducing the risk of development and positive effects on the reduction of gynecological conditions and type 2 diabetes among women, as well as glucose metabolic biomarkers. With regard to bone health, the results found were uneven. Regarding child health, breastfeeding for more than 24 months has a relevant impact on the development of overweight and obesity. Some authors found associations between breastfeeding beyond two years of age and infant development in relation to receptive language and verbal and non-verbal intelligence, visual reception, and motor control performance. The relationship between oral health and breastfeeding remains in dispute; the study included in this review found that breastfeeding for 24 months or more was associated with infant caries. health, reaffirming the recommendation of WHO and UNICEF and that accompany the Argentine Society of Pediatrics and the Latin American Association of Pediatrics of continue breastfeeding for 2 years and more. La lactancia materna se considera una práctica importante para promover la salud infantil. La evidencia de los beneficios de la lactancia ha llevado a que se recomiende de forma exclusiva durante seis meses, y a partir de esa edad conjuntamente con la introducción de alimentos apropiados seguros y continuarla hasta los dos años o más. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los efectos de la lactancia por más de 24 meses  en la salud materna y del niño. La justificación de esta búsqueda se basa en el rechazo existente tanto por parte de la sociedad como de profesionales de la salud a la práctica de la lactancia por más de 24 meses, a pesar de que diversas  organizaciones internacionales como OMS (Organización Mundial de la Salud) o UNICEF abogan por la continuidad de la misma y consideran que el destete se debe producir cuando la madre y el hijo lo deseen. El hecho de que no haya una forma de definir en palabras, la lactancia materna que perdura por más de 24 meses, es también una motivación  personal para realizar este trabajo. Este trabajo se realizó sobre la base de una búsqueda sistemática que incluyó una revisión de  las publicaciones científicas halladas en torno a este tema. Respecto de los efectos sobre la salud materna, de los estudios incluidos en esta revisión varios sugieren que la lactancia materna acumulada por más de 24 meses está asociada con mejor salud cardiometabólica. Se hallaron beneficios sobre la salud articular reduciendo el riesgo de desarrollo y efectos positivos sobre la reducción de afecciones  ginecológicas y diabetes tipo 2 entre mujeres, como así también de los biomarcadores metabólicos de glucosa. En lo que respecta a salud ósea los resultados hallados fueron dispares. Respecto de la salud infantil, la lactancia materna por más de 24 meses tiene un impacto relevante sobre el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad. Algunos autores hallaron asociaciones entre  amamantar más allá de los dos años de edad y desarrollo infantil en relación al lenguaje receptivo e inteligencia  verbal y no verbal, recepción visual y rendimiento del control motor. La relación entre la salud oral y la lactancia permanece en discusión, en el estudio incluido en esta revisión, se encontró que la lactancia materna de 24 meses o más, se asoció con caries infantiles.  A partir de esta revisión se pudo  visualizar un marcado beneficio sobre la salud materna en todos los aspectos analizados,  el aumento de la duración de la lactancia tiene efectos protectores sobre la salud ósea, cardio metabólica, articular y sobre afecciones ginecológicas, comparativamente con mujeres que nunca lactaron, como así también con aquellas que amamantaron por menos tiempo. Gran parte de los estudios analizados, indicaron una relación dosis-respuesta de la lactancia respecto de los beneficios sobre la salud de los niños. En relación a las evidencias acerca del tema estudiado no existen contraindicaciones que supongan  suspender la lactancia para evitar efectos que atenten contra la salud física y emocional,  reafirmando la recomendación de OMS y UNICEF que  acompañan la Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría y Asociación Latinoamericana de Pediatría de continuar la lactancia materna por 2 años y más. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (UNL) 2025-05-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://bibliotecavirtual.unl.edu.ar/publicaciones/index.php/index/article/view/13526 10.14409/fabicib.v27i0.13526 FABICIB; Vol. 27 (2024): FABICIB 27 FABICIB; Vol. 27 (2024): FABICIB 27 2362-5546 0329-5559 10.14409/fabicib.v27i es https://bibliotecavirtual.unl.edu.ar/publicaciones/index.php/index/article/view/13526/20105 Derechos de autor 2024 Lic. Milagros Ferrando https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0