Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation

The causes of Late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions (60, 000 to 11, 650 years ago, hereafter 60 to 11.65 ka) remain contentious, with major phases coinciding with both human arrival and climate change around the world. The Americas provide a unique opportunity to disentangle these factors as human...

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Autor principal: Paunero, Rafael Sebastián
Formato: Articulo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2016
Materias:
Arqueología
Ecología
Megafaunal extinctions
Late Pleistocene
Climate change
Acceso en línea:http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/85769
Aporte de:
SEDICI (UNLP) de Universidad Nacional de La Plata
id I19-R120-10915-85769
record_format dspace
institution Universidad Nacional de La Plata
institution_str I-19
repository_str R-120
collection SEDICI (UNLP)
language Inglés
topic Arqueología
Ecología
Megafaunal extinctions
Late Pleistocene
Climate change
spellingShingle Arqueología
Ecología
Megafaunal extinctions
Late Pleistocene
Climate change
Paunero, Rafael Sebastián
Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation
topic_facet Arqueología
Ecología
Megafaunal extinctions
Late Pleistocene
Climate change
description The causes of Late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions (60, 000 to 11, 650 years ago, hereafter 60 to 11.65 ka) remain contentious, with major phases coinciding with both human arrival and climate change around the world. The Americas provide a unique opportunity to disentangle these factors as human colonization took place over a narrow timeframe (∼15 to 14.6 ka) but during contrasting temperature trends across each continent. Unfortunately, limited data sets in South America have so far precluded detailed comparison. We analyze genetic and radiocarbon data from 89 and 71 Patagonian megafaunal bones, respectively, more than doubling the high-quality Pleistocene megafaunal radiocarbon data sets from the region.Weidentify anarrowmegafaunal extinction phase 12, 280 ± 110 years ago, some 1 to 3 thousand years after initial human presence in the area. Although humans arrived immediately prior to a cold phase, the Antarctic Cold Reversal stadial, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until the stadial finished and the subsequent warming phase commenced some 1 to 3 thousand years later. The increased resolution provided by the Patagonianmaterial reveals that the sequence of climate andextinctionevents inNorthandSouth America were temporally inverted, but in both cases, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until human presence and climate warming coincided. Overall, metapopulation processes involving subpopulation connectivity on a continental scale appear to have been critical for megafaunal species survival of both climate change and human impacts.
format Articulo
Articulo
author Paunero, Rafael Sebastián
author_facet Paunero, Rafael Sebastián
author_sort Paunero, Rafael Sebastián
title Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation
title_short Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation
title_full Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation
title_fullStr Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation
title_full_unstemmed Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation
title_sort synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the last deglaciation
publishDate 2016
url http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/85769
work_keys_str_mv AT paunerorafaelsebastian synergisticrolesofclimatewarmingandhumanoccupationinpatagonianmegafaunalextinctionsduringthelastdeglaciation
bdutipo_str Repositorios
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