Molecular phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic diversity in miniaturized toadlets, genus Brachycephalus (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae)

Toadlets of the genus <i>Brachycephalus</i> are endemic to the Atlantic rainforests of southeastern and southern Brazil. The 14 species currently described have snout-vent lengths less than 18. mm and are thought to have evolved through miniaturization: an evolutionary process leading to...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Clemente Carvalho, Rute B. G., Klaczko, Julia, Pérez, Sergio Iván, Alves, Ana C. R., Haddad, Célio F. B., Reis, Sérgio F. dos
Formato: Articulo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2011
Materias:
Ciencias Naturales
Amphibia
BEST
Brachycephalus
Brazil
Gene trees
Geometric morphometrics
Species tree
Acceso en línea:http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/83916
Aporte de:
SEDICI (UNLP) de Universidad Nacional de La Plata
id I19-R120-10915-83916
record_format dspace
institution Universidad Nacional de La Plata
institution_str I-19
repository_str R-120
collection SEDICI (UNLP)
language Inglés
topic Ciencias Naturales
Amphibia
BEST
Brachycephalus
Brazil
Gene trees
Geometric morphometrics
Species tree
spellingShingle Ciencias Naturales
Amphibia
BEST
Brachycephalus
Brazil
Gene trees
Geometric morphometrics
Species tree
Clemente Carvalho, Rute B. G.
Klaczko, Julia
Pérez, Sergio Iván
Alves, Ana C. R.
Haddad, Célio F. B.
Reis, Sérgio F. dos
Molecular phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic diversity in miniaturized toadlets, genus Brachycephalus (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae)
topic_facet Ciencias Naturales
Amphibia
BEST
Brachycephalus
Brazil
Gene trees
Geometric morphometrics
Species tree
description Toadlets of the genus <i>Brachycephalus</i> are endemic to the Atlantic rainforests of southeastern and southern Brazil. The 14 species currently described have snout-vent lengths less than 18. mm and are thought to have evolved through miniaturization: an evolutionary process leading to an extremely small adult body size. Here, we present the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis for <i>Brachycephalus</i>, using a multilocus approach based on two nuclear (<i>Rag</i>-1 and <i>Tyr</i>) and three mitochondrial (Cyt b, 12S, and 16S rRNA) gene regions. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using a partitioned Bayesian analysis of concatenated sequences and the hierarchical Bayesian method (BEST) that estimates species trees based on the multispecies coalescent model. Individual gene trees showed conflict and also varied in resolution. With the exception of the mitochondrial gene tree, no gene tree was completely resolved. The concatenated gene tree was completely resolved and is identical in topology and degree of statistical support to the individual mtDNA gene tree. On the other hand, the BEST species tree showed reduced significant node support relative to the concatenate tree and recovered a basal trichotomy, although some bipartitions were significantly supported at the tips of the species tree. Comparison of the log likelihoods for the concatenated and BEST trees suggests that the method implemented in BEST explains the multilocus data for <i>Brachycephalus</i> better than the Bayesian analysis of concatenated data. Landmark-based geometric morphometrics revealed marked variation in cranial shape between the species of <i>Brachycephalus</i>. In addition, a statistically significant association was demonstrated between variation in cranial shape and genetic distances estimated from the mtDNA and nuclear loci. Notably, <i>B. ephippium</i> and <i>B. garbeana</i> that are predicted to be sister-species in the individual and concatenated gene trees and the BEST species tree share an evolutionary novelty, the hyperossified dorsal plate.
format Articulo
Articulo
author Clemente Carvalho, Rute B. G.
Klaczko, Julia
Pérez, Sergio Iván
Alves, Ana C. R.
Haddad, Célio F. B.
Reis, Sérgio F. dos
author_facet Clemente Carvalho, Rute B. G.
Klaczko, Julia
Pérez, Sergio Iván
Alves, Ana C. R.
Haddad, Célio F. B.
Reis, Sérgio F. dos
author_sort Clemente Carvalho, Rute B. G.
title Molecular phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic diversity in miniaturized toadlets, genus Brachycephalus (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae)
title_short Molecular phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic diversity in miniaturized toadlets, genus Brachycephalus (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae)
title_full Molecular phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic diversity in miniaturized toadlets, genus Brachycephalus (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae)
title_fullStr Molecular phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic diversity in miniaturized toadlets, genus Brachycephalus (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae)
title_full_unstemmed Molecular phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic diversity in miniaturized toadlets, genus Brachycephalus (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae)
title_sort molecular phylogenetic relationships and phenotypic diversity in miniaturized toadlets, genus brachycephalus (amphibia: anura: brachycephalidae)
publishDate 2011
url http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/83916
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