Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications

Introduction: New bioactive hybrid materials to prevent biofilm-induced biodeterioration are a significant challenge in indoor environments, where contaminants from microbial films compromise structural integrity and contribute to air pollution, posing health risks from prolonged exposure to biologi...

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Autores principales:	López, Guillermo Pablo, Barberia Roque, Leyanet, Igal, Katerine, Gámez Espinosa, Erasmo Junior, Bellotti, Natalia
Formato:	Articulo
Lenguaje:	Inglés
Publicado:	2025
Materias:	Química diatomaceous earth citronellol functionalization bioactive hybrids terpenoid antifungal antibacterial biocide
Acceso en línea:	http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/176519
Aporte de:	SEDICI (UNLP) de Universidad Nacional de La Plata

id	I19-R120-10915-176519
record_format	dspace
spelling	I19-R120-10915-1765192025-02-15T04:20:58Z http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/176519 Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications López, Guillermo Pablo Barberia Roque, Leyanet Igal, Katerine Gámez Espinosa, Erasmo Junior Bellotti, Natalia 2025-01-30 2025-02-14T14:34:49Z en Química diatomaceous earth citronellol functionalization bioactive hybrids terpenoid antifungal antibacterial biocide Introduction: New bioactive hybrid materials to prevent biofilm-induced biodeterioration are a significant challenge in indoor environments, where contaminants from microbial films compromise structural integrity and contribute to air pollution, posing health risks from prolonged exposure to biological agents. Methods: For the first time, diatomaceous earth or diatomite (Dt) was functionalized with quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) and a biogenic compound, citronellol, to develop a bioactive hybrid material (DtQC). The hybrids obtained were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antifungal and antibacterial activity were assessed by agar diffusion assay, and micro/macrodilution tests. Results and Discussion: Characterization confirmed successful functionalization. TGA revealed organic contents of 50.9% with citronellol incorporation reaching 48.1%. SEM-EDS corroborated the incorporation of organic components. FTIR further verified the integration of functional groups while preserving the structural stability of the siliceous framework. Antimicrobial assays revealed a broader range of activity for DtQC. For bacterial strains, DtQC achieved a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.15 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and demonstrated over 99.9% bacterial reduction, even at lower concentrations. This study highlights a novel approach to developing antimicrobial materials by functionalizing Dt with QAS and citronellol. Overall, these findings underscore the potential of DtQC as an advanced antimicrobial material for applications in coatings and preservation systems, offering a sustainable solution to prevent biodeterioration and microbial contamination. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de Pinturas Articulo Articulo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) application/pdf
institution	Universidad Nacional de La Plata
institution_str	I-19
repository_str	R-120
collection	SEDICI (UNLP)
language	Inglés
topic	Química diatomaceous earth citronellol functionalization bioactive hybrids terpenoid antifungal antibacterial biocide
spellingShingle	Química diatomaceous earth citronellol functionalization bioactive hybrids terpenoid antifungal antibacterial biocide López, Guillermo Pablo Barberia Roque, Leyanet Igal, Katerine Gámez Espinosa, Erasmo Junior Bellotti, Natalia Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications
topic_facet	Química diatomaceous earth citronellol functionalization bioactive hybrids terpenoid antifungal antibacterial biocide
description	Introduction: New bioactive hybrid materials to prevent biofilm-induced biodeterioration are a significant challenge in indoor environments, where contaminants from microbial films compromise structural integrity and contribute to air pollution, posing health risks from prolonged exposure to biological agents. Methods: For the first time, diatomaceous earth or diatomite (Dt) was functionalized with quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) and a biogenic compound, citronellol, to develop a bioactive hybrid material (DtQC). The hybrids obtained were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antifungal and antibacterial activity were assessed by agar diffusion assay, and micro/macrodilution tests. Results and Discussion: Characterization confirmed successful functionalization. TGA revealed organic contents of 50.9% with citronellol incorporation reaching 48.1%. SEM-EDS corroborated the incorporation of organic components. FTIR further verified the integration of functional groups while preserving the structural stability of the siliceous framework. Antimicrobial assays revealed a broader range of activity for DtQC. For bacterial strains, DtQC achieved a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.15 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and demonstrated over 99.9% bacterial reduction, even at lower concentrations. This study highlights a novel approach to developing antimicrobial materials by functionalizing Dt with QAS and citronellol. Overall, these findings underscore the potential of DtQC as an advanced antimicrobial material for applications in coatings and preservation systems, offering a sustainable solution to prevent biodeterioration and microbial contamination.
format	Articulo Articulo
author	López, Guillermo Pablo Barberia Roque, Leyanet Igal, Katerine Gámez Espinosa, Erasmo Junior Bellotti, Natalia
author_facet	López, Guillermo Pablo Barberia Roque, Leyanet Igal, Katerine Gámez Espinosa, Erasmo Junior Bellotti, Natalia
author_sort	López, Guillermo Pablo
title	Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications
title_short	Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications
title_full	Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications
title_fullStr	Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications
title_full_unstemmed	Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications
title_sort	citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications
publishDate	2025
url	http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/176519
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Citronellol-functionalized natural silica: a biogenic approach for antifungal and antibacterial material applications

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