Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)

Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia are subgenera of Simulium, characteristic of the tropical area from southeastern Brazil. They form monophyletic groups, composed of12, 15, and 13 species, respectively. Morphological characters of larvae, pupae and imagos were used in the cladistic analy...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Coscarón, Sixto, Coscarón Arias, Cecilia L.
Formato:	Articulo
Lenguaje:	Inglés
Publicado:	1997
Materias:	Ciencias Naturales
Acceso en línea:	http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/165889
Aporte de:	SEDICI (UNLP) de Universidad Nacional de La Plata

id	I19-R120-10915-165889
record_format	dspace
institution	Universidad Nacional de La Plata
institution_str	I-19
repository_str	R-120
collection	SEDICI (UNLP)
language	Inglés
topic	Ciencias Naturales
spellingShingle	Ciencias Naturales Coscarón, Sixto Coscarón Arias, Cecilia L. Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)
topic_facet	Ciencias Naturales
description	Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia are subgenera of Simulium, characteristic of the tropical area from southeastern Brazil. They form monophyletic groups, composed of12, 15, and 13 species, respectively. Morphological characters of larvae, pupae and imagos were used in the cladistic analysis of each subgenus. Character polarity was based on the outgroup comparison method, using Notolepria for the first subgenus and Inaequalium for the other two subgenera. Performing option ie* of Hennig86 for Inaequaelium, 12 parsimonious trees, each with 28 steps and a CI and RI of 1 were obtained. Pee-wee program was used intenting to reduce the trees number; using option amb- were produced three trees with length =28, and CI and RI =1. Each tree shows only two well defined clades, that represent the S. botulibranchium and S. inaequale species groups. The strict consensus c1adogram, although well defined for the S. botulibranchium: species group as a c1ade, is not fully resolved for the S. inaequale species group. Applying the ie* option for Psaroniocompsa one parsimonious tree was obtained, with a length of 42 and CI and RI of 0.92. In Chirostilbie, 24 trees with .38 steps and CI and RI of 0.89 were obtained. Using Pee-wee / Nona 2 trees were obtained with a length of .3.3 and CI and RI of 1. Strict consensus tree defines two monophyletic clades that support the S. subpallidum and S. pertinax species groups of Coscarón (1987). Maps of distribution are included, covering all tropical South America, except the lowland Amazonian valley and the west Andean area south of Ecuador. The Amazonian barrier was surpassed and species of the three subgenera are distributed in Guianas and towards the south they reach the Pampas. Inaequalium and Psaroniocompsa reach the Pacific, northern Andes, and the Yungas areas. The presence of the three subgenera in Amazonia is restricted to the old Brazilian shield areas.
format	Articulo Articulo
author	Coscarón, Sixto Coscarón Arias, Cecilia L.
author_facet	Coscarón, Sixto Coscarón Arias, Cecilia L.
author_sort	Coscarón, Sixto
title	Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)
title_short	Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)
title_full	Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)
title_fullStr	Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)
title_full_unstemmed	Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)
title_sort	cladistic analysis of the subgenera inaequalium, psaroniocompsa, and chirostilbia of the genus simulium, with comments on their distribution (diptera: simuliidae)
publishDate	1997
url	http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/165889
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spelling	I19-R120-10915-1658892024-05-11T04:08:13Z http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/165889 Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae) Análisis cladístico de los subgéneros Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa y Chirostilbia del género Simulium, con comentarios sobre su distribución (Diptera: Simuliidae) Coscarón, Sixto Coscarón Arias, Cecilia L. 1997 2024-05-10T15:11:05Z en Ciencias Naturales Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia are subgenera of Simulium, characteristic of the tropical area from southeastern Brazil. They form monophyletic groups, composed of12, 15, and 13 species, respectively. Morphological characters of larvae, pupae and imagos were used in the cladistic analysis of each subgenus. Character polarity was based on the outgroup comparison method, using Notolepria for the first subgenus and Inaequalium for the other two subgenera. Performing option ie* of Hennig86 for Inaequaelium, 12 parsimonious trees, each with 28 steps and a CI and RI of 1 were obtained. Pee-wee program was used intenting to reduce the trees number; using option amb- were produced three trees with length =28, and CI and RI =1. Each tree shows only two well defined clades, that represent the S. botulibranchium and S. inaequale species groups. The strict consensus c1adogram, although well defined for the S. botulibranchium: species group as a c1ade, is not fully resolved for the S. inaequale species group. Applying the ie* option for Psaroniocompsa one parsimonious tree was obtained, with a length of 42 and CI and RI of 0.92. In Chirostilbie, 24 trees with .38 steps and CI and RI of 0.89 were obtained. Using Pee-wee / Nona 2 trees were obtained with a length of .3.3 and CI and RI of 1. Strict consensus tree defines two monophyletic clades that support the S. subpallidum and S. pertinax species groups of Coscarón (1987). Maps of distribution are included, covering all tropical South America, except the lowland Amazonian valley and the west Andean area south of Ecuador. The Amazonian barrier was surpassed and species of the three subgenera are distributed in Guianas and towards the south they reach the Pampas. Inaequalium and Psaroniocompsa reach the Pacific, northern Andes, and the Yungas areas. The presence of the three subgenera in Amazonia is restricted to the old Brazilian shield areas. Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa y Chirostilbia son subgéneros de Simulium característicos del área tropical del sureste del Brasil. Ellos constituyen grupos monofiléticos, compuestos por 12, 15 y13 especies, respectivamente. Para llevar a cabo su análisis c1adístico se usaron los caracteres de la morfología de la larva, pupa e imagos. La polaridad de los caracteres se estableció comparándolo con el grupo externo, utilizando el subgénero Notolepria para el primer subgénero e lnaequalium para los otros dos. Utilizando la opción ie* del programa Hennig86 se obtuvieron para Inaequalium 12 árboles más simples, cada uno con 28 pasos y CI YRI de 1. Con el objeto de reducir el número de árboles se utilizó el programa Pee-wee / Nona, obteniéndose tres árboles, con una longitud de 28 y CI YRI de 1. Cada árbol presenta solamente dos ciados bien definidos, que corresponden a los grupos de especies S. botulibranchium y S. inaequale. Elcladograma de consenso estricto define bien al grupo S. botulibranchium, en cambio el grupo S. inaequale no pudo ser totalmente resuelto. En Psaroniocompsa, aplicando la opción ie* se obtuvo un árbol más simple, con una longitud de 42 y CI Y RI de 0,92. En Chirostilbia con la opción ie* se obtuvieron 24 árboles de 38 pasos y CI YRI de 0,89. Con el programa Pee-wee / Nona se obtuvieron dos árboles, con una longitud de 33, y CI YRIde 1. El árbol de consenso estricto presentó dos ciados monofiléticos, que coinciden con los grupos de especies S. subpallidum y S. pertinax de acuerdo con Coscarón (1987). Se incluyen mapas de distribución de las especies mostrando que estos subgéneros ocupan la región tropical de América del Sur, a excepción de la zona baja de la Amazonía y el oeste de los Andes al sur de Ecuador. La barrera Amazónica fue sobrepasada por los tres subgéneros, que se encuentran en Guayanas; hacia el sur llegan hasta la Pampa. Inaequalium y Psaroniocompsa alcanzan hasta las áreas Pacífica, Norandina y Yungas. La presencia en la Amazonia está restringida en los tres subgéneros a las áreas del viejo escudo brasílico. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Articulo Articulo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) application/pdf 109-121

Cladistic analysis of the subgenera Inaequalium, Psaroniocompsa, and Chirostilbia of the genus Simulium, with comments on their distribution (Diptera: Simuliidae)

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