Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile
Background: Rattus rattus is a widely distributed, invasive species that presents an important role in disease transmission, either directly or through vector arthropods such as fleas. These black rats can transmit a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria of the genus Bartonella, which can ca...
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2019
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| Acceso en línea: | http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/160925 |
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I19-R120-10915-1609252023-11-30T20:07:47Z http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/160925 Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile Moreno Salas, Lucila Espinoza Carniglia, Mario Lizama Schmeisser, Nicol Torres, Luis Gonzalo Silva de la Fuente, María Carolina Lareschi, Marcela González Acuña, Daniel 2019-08-01 2023-11-30T15:15:21Z en Ciencias Veterinarias infection infectious diseases molecular epidemiology fleas rodent Chile Anthropogenic effect Public health Diseases Ectoparasites Background: Rattus rattus is a widely distributed, invasive species that presents an important role in disease transmission, either directly or through vector arthropods such as fleas. These black rats can transmit a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria of the genus Bartonella, which can cause diseases in humans and animals. In Chile, no data are available identifying fleas from synanthropic rodents as Bartonella vectors. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in the fleas of R. rattus in areas with different climate conditions and featuring different human population densities. Methods: In all, 174 fleas collected from 261 R. rattus captured from 30 localities with different human densities (cities, villages, and wild areas) across five hydrographic zones of Chile (hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid, sub-humid, and hyper-humid) were examined. Bartonella spp. presence was determined through polymerase chain reaction, using gltA and rpoB genes, which were concatenated to perform a similarity analysis with BLAST and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Overall, 15 fleas species were identified; Bartonella gltA and rpoB fragments were detected in 21.2% (37/174) and 19.5% (34/174) of fleas, respectively. A total of 10 of the 15 fleas species found were positive for Bartonella DNA. Leptopsylla segnis was the most commonly collected flea species (n = 55), and it also presented a high prevalence of Bartonella DNA (P% = 34.5%). The highest numbers of fleas of this species were collected in villages of the arid zone. There were no seasonal differences in the prevalence of Bartonella DNA. The presence of Bartonella DNA in fleas was recorded in all hydrographic areas, and the arid zone presented the highest prevalence of this species. Regarding areas with different human densities, the highest prevalence was noted in the villages (34.8% gltA and 31.8% rpoB), followed by cities (14.8% gltA and 11.1% rpoB) and wild areas (7.4% gltA and 14.8% rpoB). The BLAST analysis showed a high similitude (>96%) with four uncharacterized Bartonella genotypes and with two species with zoonotic potential: B. mastomydis and B. tribocorum. The phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship with B. elizabethae and B. tribocorum. This is the first study to provide evidence of the presence of Bartonella in fleas of R. rattus in Chile, indicating that the villages and arid zone correspond to areas with higher infection risk. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores Articulo Articulo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) application/pdf |
| institution |
Universidad Nacional de La Plata |
| institution_str |
I-19 |
| repository_str |
R-120 |
| collection |
SEDICI (UNLP) |
| language |
Inglés |
| topic |
Ciencias Veterinarias infection infectious diseases molecular epidemiology fleas rodent Chile Anthropogenic effect Public health Diseases Ectoparasites |
| spellingShingle |
Ciencias Veterinarias infection infectious diseases molecular epidemiology fleas rodent Chile Anthropogenic effect Public health Diseases Ectoparasites Moreno Salas, Lucila Espinoza Carniglia, Mario Lizama Schmeisser, Nicol Torres, Luis Gonzalo Silva de la Fuente, María Carolina Lareschi, Marcela González Acuña, Daniel Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile |
| topic_facet |
Ciencias Veterinarias infection infectious diseases molecular epidemiology fleas rodent Chile Anthropogenic effect Public health Diseases Ectoparasites |
| description |
Background: Rattus rattus is a widely distributed, invasive species that presents an important role in disease transmission, either directly or through vector arthropods such as fleas. These black rats can transmit a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria of the genus Bartonella, which can cause diseases in humans and animals. In Chile, no data are available identifying fleas from synanthropic rodents as Bartonella vectors. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in the fleas of R. rattus in areas with different climate conditions and featuring different human population densities.
Methods: In all, 174 fleas collected from 261 R. rattus captured from 30 localities with different human densities (cities, villages, and wild areas) across five hydrographic zones of Chile (hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid, sub-humid, and hyper-humid) were examined. Bartonella spp. presence was determined through polymerase chain reaction, using gltA and rpoB genes, which were concatenated to perform a similarity analysis with BLAST and phylogenetic analysis.
Results: Overall, 15 fleas species were identified; Bartonella gltA and rpoB fragments were detected in 21.2% (37/174) and 19.5% (34/174) of fleas, respectively. A total of 10 of the 15 fleas species found were positive for Bartonella DNA. Leptopsylla segnis was the most commonly collected flea species (n = 55), and it also presented a high prevalence of Bartonella DNA (P% = 34.5%). The highest numbers of fleas of this species were collected in villages of the arid zone. There were no seasonal differences in the prevalence of Bartonella DNA. The presence of Bartonella DNA in fleas was recorded in all hydrographic areas, and the arid zone presented the highest prevalence of this species. Regarding areas with different human densities, the highest prevalence was noted in the villages (34.8% gltA and 31.8% rpoB), followed by cities (14.8% gltA and 11.1% rpoB) and wild areas (7.4% gltA and 14.8% rpoB). The BLAST analysis showed a high similitude (>96%) with four uncharacterized Bartonella genotypes and with two species with zoonotic potential: B. mastomydis and B. tribocorum. The phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship with B. elizabethae and B. tribocorum. This is the first study to provide evidence of the presence of Bartonella in fleas of R. rattus in Chile, indicating that the villages and arid zone correspond to areas with higher infection risk. |
| format |
Articulo Articulo |
| author |
Moreno Salas, Lucila Espinoza Carniglia, Mario Lizama Schmeisser, Nicol Torres, Luis Gonzalo Silva de la Fuente, María Carolina Lareschi, Marcela González Acuña, Daniel |
| author_facet |
Moreno Salas, Lucila Espinoza Carniglia, Mario Lizama Schmeisser, Nicol Torres, Luis Gonzalo Silva de la Fuente, María Carolina Lareschi, Marcela González Acuña, Daniel |
| author_sort |
Moreno Salas, Lucila |
| title |
Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile |
| title_short |
Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile |
| title_full |
Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile |
| title_fullStr |
Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile |
| title_sort |
fleas of black rats (rattus rattus) as reservoir host of bartonella spp. in chile |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| url |
http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/160925 |
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