Sixty years after ‘The mastodonts of Brazil’: The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae)

Studies on South American Gomphotheriidae started around 210 years ago and, 150 years later, the classic study “The mastodonts of Brazil” by Simpson and Paula Couto (1957) attempted to clarify the complex issues related to our understanding of these proboscideans. Here, we update state of knowledge...

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Autores principales: Mothé, Dimila, Santos Avilla, Leonardo dos, Asevedo, Lidiane, Borges Silva, Leon, Rosas, Mariane, Labarca Encina, Rafael, Souberlich, Ricardo, Soibelzon, Esteban, Román Carrión, José Luis, Ríos, Sergio D., Rincón, Ascanio D., Cardoso de Oliveira, Gina, Pereira Lopes, Renato
Formato: Articulo
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2017
Materias:
Ciencias Naturales
Paleontología
Notiomastodon
Cuvieronius
Proboscidea
Extinction
Paleoecology
Taxonomy
Acceso en línea:http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/125070
Aporte de:
SEDICI (UNLP) de Universidad Nacional de La Plata
id I19-R120-10915-125070
record_format dspace
institution Universidad Nacional de La Plata
institution_str I-19
repository_str R-120
collection SEDICI (UNLP)
language Inglés
topic Ciencias Naturales
Paleontología
Notiomastodon
Cuvieronius
Proboscidea
Extinction
Paleoecology
Taxonomy
spellingShingle Ciencias Naturales
Paleontología
Notiomastodon
Cuvieronius
Proboscidea
Extinction
Paleoecology
Taxonomy
Mothé, Dimila
Santos Avilla, Leonardo dos
Asevedo, Lidiane
Borges Silva, Leon
Rosas, Mariane
Labarca Encina, Rafael
Souberlich, Ricardo
Soibelzon, Esteban
Román Carrión, José Luis
Ríos, Sergio D.
Rincón, Ascanio D.
Cardoso de Oliveira, Gina
Pereira Lopes, Renato
Sixty years after ‘The mastodonts of Brazil’: The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae)
topic_facet Ciencias Naturales
Paleontología
Notiomastodon
Cuvieronius
Proboscidea
Extinction
Paleoecology
Taxonomy
description Studies on South American Gomphotheriidae started around 210 years ago and, 150 years later, the classic study “The mastodonts of Brazil” by Simpson and Paula Couto (1957) attempted to clarify the complex issues related to our understanding of these proboscideans. Here, we update state of knowledge regarding proboscideans in South America subsequent to the publication of Simpson and Paula Couto (1957). The taxonomy of South American proboscideans is now stable and two species are recognized, <i>Notiomastodon platensis</i> and <i>Cuvieronius hyodon</i>. The former had a wide distribution in South America (from lowlands to highlands and from east to west coasts), while the latter was restricted to Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. Although records of <i>Notiomastodon</i> are abundant and occur in almost overlapping geographic distribution with <i>Cuvieronius</i>, they have never been recorded in the same locality. Here, we evaluated over 500 South American localities with proboscidean remains, although only cranial and dental specimens show recognizable diagnostic features. As both proboscideans in South America had a generalist-opportunist alimentary strategy, a competitive exclusion probably precluded their sympatry. Their origin is most probably related to independent migrations from Central America during the Great American Biotic Interchange. They are not sister-taxa – <i>Cuvieronius hyodon</i> is sister-taxon of <i>Rhynchotherium</i>, and this clade is closer to <i>Notiomastodon platensis</i> than to the other proboscideans, supporting the hypothesis of independent origins. <i>Notiomastodon platensis</i> has a continuous record from the Early Pleistocene to Early Holocene, when it became extinct, probably due to synergy of human impact and climatic changes during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition. In contrast, extinction of <i>Cuvieronius hyodon</i> happened much earlier, and it was not related to the terminal Pleistocene event that lead the extinction of selected megafauna in South America, including <i>Notiomastodon</i>.
format Articulo
Articulo
author Mothé, Dimila
Santos Avilla, Leonardo dos
Asevedo, Lidiane
Borges Silva, Leon
Rosas, Mariane
Labarca Encina, Rafael
Souberlich, Ricardo
Soibelzon, Esteban
Román Carrión, José Luis
Ríos, Sergio D.
Rincón, Ascanio D.
Cardoso de Oliveira, Gina
Pereira Lopes, Renato
author_facet Mothé, Dimila
Santos Avilla, Leonardo dos
Asevedo, Lidiane
Borges Silva, Leon
Rosas, Mariane
Labarca Encina, Rafael
Souberlich, Ricardo
Soibelzon, Esteban
Román Carrión, José Luis
Ríos, Sergio D.
Rincón, Ascanio D.
Cardoso de Oliveira, Gina
Pereira Lopes, Renato
author_sort Mothé, Dimila
title Sixty years after ‘The mastodonts of Brazil’: The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae)
title_short Sixty years after ‘The mastodonts of Brazil’: The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae)
title_full Sixty years after ‘The mastodonts of Brazil’: The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae)
title_fullStr Sixty years after ‘The mastodonts of Brazil’: The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae)
title_full_unstemmed Sixty years after ‘The mastodonts of Brazil’: The state of the art of South American proboscideans (Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae)
title_sort sixty years after ‘the mastodonts of brazil’: the state of the art of south american proboscideans (proboscidea, gomphotheriidae)
publishDate 2017
url http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/125070
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