Evaluation of psychomotor development as an indicator of child health and well-being in children from zero to four years of age, who attend the integral health consultation in twelve peri-urban vulnerable neighborhoods of the city of Córdoba
This research, framed in the line "Environment of upbringing and child development", is located in contexts of socioeconomic vulnerability, which significantly compromise child development. In this context, psychomotor development is an indicator of the health and well-being situation...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
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Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
2023
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/42800 |
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| Sumario: | This research, framed in the line "Environment of upbringing and child development", is located in contexts of socioeconomic vulnerability, which significantly compromise child development. In this context, psychomotor development is an indicator of the health and well-being situation of the child population. Objective: to characterize the psychomotor development of children from zero to four years old who live in twelve peri-urban vulnerable neighborhoods of the city of Córdoba, in the year 2022.
The sample consisted of 529 children evaluated in the first level health care centers of twelve peri-urban neighborhoods of the city of Córdoba. The study was observational, cross-sectional and prospective, obtaining demographic characteristics (age and sex), and applying the instrument of National Screening Test (PRUNAPE), a screening test to detect inapparent problems of psychomotor development in children under six years of age, evaluating by areas: individual-social, fine motor, language, and gross motor, with final results expressed in "Pass", "Don´t Pass" or "Does not collaborate". For data analysis, frequency distribution and comparisons with the Chi-square or Irwin Fisher test were used, comparing the total scores and by areas obtained by applying the PRUNAPE. In all cases, a confidence level of 95% was reached. Corresponding ethical safeguards had been established.
Of the total sample, 49.1% pass PRUNAPE, 45% don´t pass and 5.9% do not collaborate, with similar behavior when evaluated according to sex. In the analysis by age categories over and under 2 years of age, there is a predominance of children who do not pass PRUNAPE when they are over 2 years of age (28.16% do not pass in children under 2 years of age and 60.37% do not pass in older than 2 years; p<0.001). When comparing the areas of affectation evaluated by PRUNAPE, a predominance of affectation of the language area (69.2% of the cases) is observed in relation to the other areas (p<0.01).
The prevalence of children who do not pass PRUNAPE is an indicator of the health and well-being situation that accounts for the urgent need to evaluate psychomotor development.
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