Neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in Severe Depression and Minimal Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

Abstract:  Introduction: This descriptive cross-sectional study is part of a larger investigation. Two pathologies that are frequently found in older adults are Minimal Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Disorder. A neuropsychological examination was carried out comparing the scores o...

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Autor principal: Melo, M
Formato: Artículo revista
Publicado: Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología 2021
Materias:
Depressive Disorder
Minimal Cognitive Impairment
aging process
depresión
Deterioro cognitivo
envejecimiento
.
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/35085
Aporte de:
Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba de Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
id I10-R327-article-35085
record_format ojs
institution Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
institution_str I-10
repository_str R-327
container_title_str Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba
format Artículo revista
topic Depressive Disorder
Minimal Cognitive Impairment
aging process
depresión
Deterioro cognitivo
envejecimiento
.
spellingShingle Depressive Disorder
Minimal Cognitive Impairment
aging process
depresión
Deterioro cognitivo
envejecimiento
.
Melo, M
Neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in Severe Depression and Minimal Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
topic_facet Depressive Disorder
Minimal Cognitive Impairment
aging process
depresión
Deterioro cognitivo
envejecimiento
.
author Melo, M
author_facet Melo, M
author_sort Melo, M
title Neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in Severe Depression and Minimal Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
title_short Neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in Severe Depression and Minimal Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
title_full Neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in Severe Depression and Minimal Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
title_fullStr Neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in Severe Depression and Minimal Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
title_full_unstemmed Neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in Severe Depression and Minimal Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
title_sort neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in severe depression and minimal cognitive impairment in older adults
description Abstract:  Introduction: This descriptive cross-sectional study is part of a larger investigation. Two pathologies that are frequently found in older adults are Minimal Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Disorder. A neuropsychological examination was carried out comparing the scores obtained in cognitive performance in 80 older adults 35 subjects with expected scores in normal aging, 25 with mild cognitive impairment (pathological disorder between normal aging and dementia) and 20 with severe depressive disorders . It was carried out from the theoretical framework of behavioral neuroscience. Objective: to compare possible alterations in memory, attention, executive functions and social cognition in subjects matched in age and education. The work methodology consisted of the analysis of medical records, interviews and global assessments of higher brain functions with the use of the Mini Mental Folstein test and the Hamilton Test for depression. In addition, specific neuropsychological tests were used. Results The scores obtained in the Folstein test by normal subjects exceeded 27 points (no impairment) Subjects with mild cognitive impairment 10-24 points (mild to moderate dementia); and in depressed patients it was between 25 and 26 (doubtful or mild dementia) and with a score of 18-29 (moderate-severe depression) in the Hamilton depression test. Descriptive statistics were used, the means and standard deviations of each group and in each variable evaluated. The Chi-square test and Fisher's test were used. To establish the differences in neuropsychological tests between two groups, the Tukey-Alpha test was used Conclusions In cases with a normal aging process, a slight slowdown in cognitive processing was observed with a decrease in short-term memory. Long-term memory was recovered with keys. In subjects with MCI, there was a significant loss of long-term memory (storage and coding) and alterations in executive functions In depressed subjects (severe to moderate) the alterations were in attention, working memory and executive functions. The last two pathologies would indicate important alterations in information processing and the possible progress towards permanent deterioration.
publisher Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
publishDate 2021
url https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/35085
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first_indexed 2024-09-03T21:03:10Z
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spelling I10-R327-article-350852024-04-15T16:19:09Z Neuro-psychological assessment of cognitive disorders in Severe Depression and Minimal Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults Valoración neuro-psicológica de los trastornos cognitivos en la Depresión Severa y en el Deterioro Cognitivo Mínimo en Adultos mayores A Melo, M Depressive Disorder Minimal Cognitive Impairment aging process depresión Deterioro cognitivo envejecimiento . Abstract:  Introduction: This descriptive cross-sectional study is part of a larger investigation. Two pathologies that are frequently found in older adults are Minimal Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Disorder. A neuropsychological examination was carried out comparing the scores obtained in cognitive performance in 80 older adults 35 subjects with expected scores in normal aging, 25 with mild cognitive impairment (pathological disorder between normal aging and dementia) and 20 with severe depressive disorders . It was carried out from the theoretical framework of behavioral neuroscience. Objective: to compare possible alterations in memory, attention, executive functions and social cognition in subjects matched in age and education. The work methodology consisted of the analysis of medical records, interviews and global assessments of higher brain functions with the use of the Mini Mental Folstein test and the Hamilton Test for depression. In addition, specific neuropsychological tests were used. Results The scores obtained in the Folstein test by normal subjects exceeded 27 points (no impairment) Subjects with mild cognitive impairment 10-24 points (mild to moderate dementia); and in depressed patients it was between 25 and 26 (doubtful or mild dementia) and with a score of 18-29 (moderate-severe depression) in the Hamilton depression test. Descriptive statistics were used, the means and standard deviations of each group and in each variable evaluated. The Chi-square test and Fisher's test were used. To establish the differences in neuropsychological tests between two groups, the Tukey-Alpha test was used Conclusions In cases with a normal aging process, a slight slowdown in cognitive processing was observed with a decrease in short-term memory. Long-term memory was recovered with keys. In subjects with MCI, there was a significant loss of long-term memory (storage and coding) and alterations in executive functions In depressed subjects (severe to moderate) the alterations were in attention, working memory and executive functions. The last two pathologies would indicate important alterations in information processing and the possible progress towards permanent deterioration. Resumen:  Introducción : Este estudio descriptivo  transversal forma parte de una investigación mayor. Dos patologías que  frecuentemente se encuentran en adultos mayores son el Deterioro Cognitivo Mínimo y el Trastorno Depresivo. Se realizó un examen neuropsicológico comparando los puntajes obtenidos en el rendimiento cognitivo en 80 adultos mayores 35 sujetos con puntajes esperables en el envejecimiento normal , 25 con deterioro cognitivo leve (trastorno patológico entre un envejecimiento normal y  un cuadro demencial) y 20 con trastornos depresivos severos . Se realizó desde el marco teórico de la  neurociencia conductual . Objetivo : comparar posibles alteraciones en la memoria, atención, funciones ejecutivas y cognición social en sujetos equiparados en edad y educación. La metodología de trabajo consistió en el análisis de historias clínicas, entrevistas  y valoraciones globales de las funciones cerebrales superiores con la utilización de Mini Mental test de Folstein y Test de Hamilton para  depresión. Se utilizaron, además,  tests neuropsicológicos específicos Resultados Los puntajes obtenidos en el test de Folstein por los sujetos normales superaron los 27 puntos (no deterioro) Los sujetos con deterioro cognitivo leve 10-24 puntos ( demencia leve a moderada); y en pacientes depresivos fue entre 25 y 26 (demencia dudosa o leve) y con un puntaje de18-29 (depresión moderada-grave) en el test de depresión de Hamilton . Se  utilizó estadística descriptiva, las medias y desviaciones estándar de cada grupo y en cada variable evaluada Se utilizó el test del Chi-cuadrado y el Test de Fisher Para establecer las diferencias en las pruebas neuropsicológicas entre dos grupos se utilizó, el test de Tukey-Alfa. Conclusiones En sujetos con un proceso de envejecimiento normal, se observó un leve enlentecimiento en el procesamiento cognitivo  con una disminución de la memoria a corto plazo La memoria a largo plazo se recuperó con claves En sujetos con DCL existió una importante pérdida de memoria a largo plazo (almacenamiento y codificación) y alteraciones en las funciones ejecutivas En sujetos deprimidos (severo a moderado) las alteraciones estuvieron en la atención, memoria de trabajo y funciones ejecutivas. Las dos últimas patologías indicarían importantes alteraciones en el procesamiento de la información y el posible avance hacia un deterioro permanente. . Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología 2021-10-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion texto texto texto https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/35085 Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba.; Vol. 78 No. Suplemento (2021): Suplemento JIC XXII Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba; Vol. 78 Núm. Suplemento (2021): Suplemento JIC XXII Revista da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Córdoba; v. 78 n. Suplemento (2021): Suplemento JIC XXII 1853-0605 0014-6722 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

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