Ancient genomes reveal early Andean farmers selected common beans while preserving diversity

All crops are the product of a domestication process that started less than 12,000 years ago from one or more wild populations1,2. Farmers selected desirable phenotypic traits (such as improved energy accumulation, palatability of seeds and reduced natural shattering3) while leading domesticated pop...

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Autores principales: Trucchi, Emiliano, Benazzo, Andrea, Lari, Martina, Iob, Alice, Vai, Stefania, Nanni, Laura, Bellucci, Elisa, Bitocchi, Elena, Raffini, Francesca, Xu, Chunming, Jackson, Scott A., Lema, Veronica Soledad, Babot, Maria del Pilar, Oliszewski, Nurit, Gil, Adolfo Fabian, Neme, Gustavo Adolfo, Michieli, Catalina Teresa, De Lorenzi, Mónica, Calcagnile, Lucio, Caramelli, David, Star, Bastiaan, de Boer, Hugo, Boessenkool, Sanne, Papa, Roberto, Bertorelle, Giorgio
Formato: Artículo publishedVersion
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Nature 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/11336/142921
http://suquia.ffyh.unc.edu.ar/handle/11336/142921
Aporte de:
id I10-R181-11336-142921
record_format dspace
institution Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
institution_str I-10
repository_str R-181
collection Suquía - Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR, CONICET y UNC)
language Inglés
topic GENÓMICA
ARQUEOBOTÁNICA
DOMESTICACIÓN
PHASEOLUS VULGARIS
NOROESTE ARGENTINO
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
spellingShingle GENÓMICA
ARQUEOBOTÁNICA
DOMESTICACIÓN
PHASEOLUS VULGARIS
NOROESTE ARGENTINO
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
Trucchi, Emiliano
Benazzo, Andrea
Lari, Martina
Iob, Alice
Vai, Stefania
Nanni, Laura
Bellucci, Elisa
Bitocchi, Elena
Raffini, Francesca
Xu, Chunming
Jackson, Scott A.
Lema, Veronica Soledad
Babot, Maria del Pilar
Oliszewski, Nurit
Gil, Adolfo Fabian
Neme, Gustavo Adolfo
Michieli, Catalina Teresa
De Lorenzi, Mónica
Calcagnile, Lucio
Caramelli, David
Star, Bastiaan
de Boer, Hugo
Boessenkool, Sanne
Papa, Roberto
Bertorelle, Giorgio
Ancient genomes reveal early Andean farmers selected common beans while preserving diversity
topic_facet GENÓMICA
ARQUEOBOTÁNICA
DOMESTICACIÓN
PHASEOLUS VULGARIS
NOROESTE ARGENTINO
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
description All crops are the product of a domestication process that started less than 12,000 years ago from one or more wild populations1,2. Farmers selected desirable phenotypic traits (such as improved energy accumulation, palatability of seeds and reduced natural shattering3) while leading domesticated populations through several more or less gradual demographic contractions2,4. As a consequence, the erosion of wild genetic variation5 is typical of modern cultivars, making them highly susceptible to pathogens, pests and environmental change6,7. The loss of genetic diversity hampers further crop improvement programmes to increase food production in a changing world, posing serious threats to food security8,9. Using both ancient and modern seeds, we analysed the temporal dynamics of genetic variation and selection during the domestication process of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the southern Andes. Here, we show that most domestic traits were selected for before 2,500 years ago, with no or only minor loss of whole-genome heterozygosity. In fact, most of the changes at coding genes and linked regions that differentiate wild and domestic genomes are already present in the ancient genomes analysed here, and all ancient domestic genomes dated between 600 and 2,500 years ago are highly variable (at least as variable as modern genomes from the wild). Single seeds from modern cultivars show reduced variation when compared with ancient seeds, indicating that intensive selection within cultivars in the past few centuries probably partitioned ancestral variation within different genetically homogenous cultivars. When cultivars from different Andean regions are pooled, the genomic variation of the pool is higher than that observed in the pool of ancient seeds from north and central western Argentina. Considering that most desirable phenotypic traits are probably controlled by multiple polymorphic genes10, a plausible explanation of this decoupling of selection and genetic erosion is that early farmers applied a relatively weak selection pressure2 by using many phenotypically similar but genetically diverse individuals as parents. Our results imply that selection strategies during the past few centuries, as compared with earlier times, more intensively reduced genetic variation within cultivars and produced further improvements by focusing on a few plants carrying the traits of interest, at the cost of marked genetic erosion within Andean landraces.
format Artículo
Artículo
publishedVersion
author Trucchi, Emiliano
Benazzo, Andrea
Lari, Martina
Iob, Alice
Vai, Stefania
Nanni, Laura
Bellucci, Elisa
Bitocchi, Elena
Raffini, Francesca
Xu, Chunming
Jackson, Scott A.
Lema, Veronica Soledad
Babot, Maria del Pilar
Oliszewski, Nurit
Gil, Adolfo Fabian
Neme, Gustavo Adolfo
Michieli, Catalina Teresa
De Lorenzi, Mónica
Calcagnile, Lucio
Caramelli, David
Star, Bastiaan
de Boer, Hugo
Boessenkool, Sanne
Papa, Roberto
Bertorelle, Giorgio
author_facet Trucchi, Emiliano
Benazzo, Andrea
Lari, Martina
Iob, Alice
Vai, Stefania
Nanni, Laura
Bellucci, Elisa
Bitocchi, Elena
Raffini, Francesca
Xu, Chunming
Jackson, Scott A.
Lema, Veronica Soledad
Babot, Maria del Pilar
Oliszewski, Nurit
Gil, Adolfo Fabian
Neme, Gustavo Adolfo
Michieli, Catalina Teresa
De Lorenzi, Mónica
Calcagnile, Lucio
Caramelli, David
Star, Bastiaan
de Boer, Hugo
Boessenkool, Sanne
Papa, Roberto
Bertorelle, Giorgio
author_sort Trucchi, Emiliano
title Ancient genomes reveal early Andean farmers selected common beans while preserving diversity
title_short Ancient genomes reveal early Andean farmers selected common beans while preserving diversity
title_full Ancient genomes reveal early Andean farmers selected common beans while preserving diversity
title_fullStr Ancient genomes reveal early Andean farmers selected common beans while preserving diversity
title_full_unstemmed Ancient genomes reveal early Andean farmers selected common beans while preserving diversity
title_sort ancient genomes reveal early andean farmers selected common beans while preserving diversity
publisher Nature
publishDate 2021
url http://hdl.handle.net/11336/142921
http://suquia.ffyh.unc.edu.ar/handle/11336/142921
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