Genetic of obesity

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Background: Obesity is a complex phenomenon that involves interactions between environmental and genetics factors. The genetic studies in animal models and humans has allowed great progress in the knowledge of body weight regulation. Identifying the hypothalamic leptin/melanocortin pathway as critic...

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Autor principal: Cuestas, Eduardo
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Universidad Nacional Cba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología 2019
Materias:
obesidad
genética
niño
adolescente
obesity
genetics
child
adolescent
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/23569
Aporte de:
Revistas de la UNC de Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
id I10-R10-article-23569
record_format ojs
spelling I10-R10-article-235692019-05-20T10:45:36Z Genetic of obesity Genética y obesidad Cuestas, Eduardo obesidad genética niño adolescente obesity genetics child adolescent Background: Obesity is a complex phenomenon that involves interactions between environmental and genetics factors. The genetic studies in animal models and humans has allowed great progress in the knowledge of body weight regulation. Identifying the hypothalamic leptin/melanocortin pathway as critical in many cases of monogenic obesity has permitted targeted, hypothesis-driven experiments to be performed, and has implicated new candidates as causative for previously uncharacterized clinical cases of obesity.Data sources: Narrative review. PubMed, Lilacs and ScieLo databases were searched with the terms “obesity”, “genetics” and limited only for “ all child 0-18 years”.Results: Numerous studies in children and adolescents, have tried to identify candidate genes. At present, the results are not conclusive. Thus, is yet premature genotype obese child on a large scale for predictive testing. Meanwhile, the effects of mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor gene, for which the obese phenotype varies in the degree of severity among individuals, are now thought to be influenced by one's environmental surroundings. Molecular approaches have revealed that syndromes previously assumed to be controlled by a single gene are conversely regulated by multiple elements.Conclusions: When specific treatments based on recent discoveries become available, genetic testing could help to discriminate different types of obesity that may respond differentially to therapeutic measures. Antecedentes: La obesidad es un fenómeno complejo que involucra interacciones entre el medio ambiente y la sociedad y factores genéticos. Los estudios genéticos en modelos animales y humanos han permitido grandes avances en el conocimiento de la regulación del peso corporal. Identificación de la leptina/melanocortina hipotalámica en muchos casos de obesidad monogénica, ha permitido un enfoque específico y basado en hipótesis. Experimentos a realizar, y ha implicado a nuevos candidatos como causantes de problemas de casos clínicos no caracterizados de obesidad.Fuentes de datos: Revisión narrativa. Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos de PubMed, Lilacs y ScieLo con el método términos "obesidad", "genética" y limitada sólo para "todos los niños de 0 a 18 años".Resultados: Numerosos estudios en niños y adolescentes, han tratado de identificar genes candidatos. En los resultados no son concluyentes. Por lo tanto, es todavía prematuro genotipo niño obeso en un gran para pruebas predictivas. Mientras tanto, los efectos de las mutaciones en el gen receptor de la melanocortina 4, para los cuales el fenotipo de la obesidad varía en el grado de severidad entre los individuos, se piensa ahora ser influenciado por el entorno ambiental de uno. Los enfoques moleculares han revelado que los síndromes que antes se suponía que estaban controlados por un solo gen están regulados a la inversa por elementos múltiples. Conclusiones: Cuando se dispone de tratamientos específicos basados en descubrimientos recientes, la genética podría ayudar a discriminar los diferentes tipos de obesidad que pueden responder de forma diferente a medidas terapéuticas. Universidad Nacional Cba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología 2019-02-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/23569 Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba.; Vol. 65 No. 4 (2008); 117-124 Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba; Vol. 65 Núm. 4 (2008); 117-124 Revista da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Córdoba; v. 65 n. 4 (2008); 117-124 1853-0605 0014-6722 10.31053/1853.0605.v65.n4 eng https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/23569/23254 Derechos de autor 2019 Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
institution Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
institution_str I-10
repository_str R-10
container_title_str Revistas de la UNC
language Inglés
format Artículo revista
topic obesidad
genética
niño
adolescente
obesity
genetics
child
adolescent
spellingShingle obesidad
genética
niño
adolescente
obesity
genetics
child
adolescent
Cuestas, Eduardo
Genetic of obesity
topic_facet obesidad
genética
niño
adolescente
obesity
genetics
child
adolescent
author Cuestas, Eduardo
author_facet Cuestas, Eduardo
author_sort Cuestas, Eduardo
title Genetic of obesity
title_short Genetic of obesity
title_full Genetic of obesity
title_fullStr Genetic of obesity
title_full_unstemmed Genetic of obesity
title_sort genetic of obesity
description Background: Obesity is a complex phenomenon that involves interactions between environmental and genetics factors. The genetic studies in animal models and humans has allowed great progress in the knowledge of body weight regulation. Identifying the hypothalamic leptin/melanocortin pathway as critical in many cases of monogenic obesity has permitted targeted, hypothesis-driven experiments to be performed, and has implicated new candidates as causative for previously uncharacterized clinical cases of obesity.Data sources: Narrative review. PubMed, Lilacs and ScieLo databases were searched with the terms “obesity”, “genetics” and limited only for “ all child 0-18 years”.Results: Numerous studies in children and adolescents, have tried to identify candidate genes. At present, the results are not conclusive. Thus, is yet premature genotype obese child on a large scale for predictive testing. Meanwhile, the effects of mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor gene, for which the obese phenotype varies in the degree of severity among individuals, are now thought to be influenced by one's environmental surroundings. Molecular approaches have revealed that syndromes previously assumed to be controlled by a single gene are conversely regulated by multiple elements.Conclusions: When specific treatments based on recent discoveries become available, genetic testing could help to discriminate different types of obesity that may respond differentially to therapeutic measures.
publisher Universidad Nacional Cba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
publishDate 2019
url https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/23569
work_keys_str_mv AT cuestaseduardo geneticofobesity
AT cuestaseduardo geneticayobesidad
first_indexed 2022-08-20T01:26:22Z
last_indexed 2022-08-20T01:26:22Z
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