Trends in total and extreme South American rainfall in 1960-2000 and links with sea surface temperature

A weeklong workshop in Brazil in August 2004 provided the opportunity for 28 scientists from southern South America to examine daily rainfall observations to determine changes in both total and extreme rainfall. Twelve annual indices of daily rainfall were calculated over the period 1960 to 2000, ex...

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Autor principal: Haylock, M.R
Otros Autores: Peterson, T.C, Alves, L.M, Ambrizzi, T., Anunciação, Y.M.T, Baez, J., Barros, V.R, Berlato, M.A, Bidegain, M., Coronel, Genaro, Corradi, V., Garcia, V.J, Grimm, A.M, Karoly, D., Marengo, José Alberto, Marino, M.B, Moncunill, D.F, Nechet, D., Quintana, J., Rebello, E., Rusticucci, M., Santos, J.L, Trebejo, I., Vincent, L.A
Formato: Capítulo de libro
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2006
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Acceso en línea:Registro en Scopus
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100 1 |a Haylock, M.R. 
245 1 0 |a Trends in total and extreme South American rainfall in 1960-2000 and links with sea surface temperature 
260 |c 2006 
270 1 0 |m Haylock, M.R.; Climate Research Unit, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom; email: M.Haylock@uea.ac.uk 
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506 |2 openaire  |e Política editorial 
520 3 |a A weeklong workshop in Brazil in August 2004 provided the opportunity for 28 scientists from southern South America to examine daily rainfall observations to determine changes in both total and extreme rainfall. Twelve annual indices of daily rainfall were calculated over the period 1960 to 2000, examining changes to both the entire distribution as well as the extremes. Maps of trends in the 12 rainfall indices showed large regions of coherent change, with many stations showing statistically significant changes in some of the indices. The pattern of trends for the extremes was generally the same as that for total annual rainfall, with a change to wetter conditions in Ecuador and northern Peru and the region of southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northern and central Argentina. A decrease was observed in southern Peru and southern Chile, with the latter showing significant decreases in many indices. A canonical correlation analysis between each of the indices and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) revealed two large-scale patterns that have contributed to the observed trends in the rainfall indices. A coupled pattern with ENSO-like SST loadings and rainfall loadings showing similarities with the pattern of the observed trend reveals that the change to a generally more negative Southern Oscillation index (SOI) has had an important effect on regional rainfall trends. A significant decrease in many of the rainfall indices at several stations in southern Chile and Argentina can be explained by a canonical pattern reflecting a weakening of the continental trough leading to a southward shift in storm tracks. This latter signal is a change that has been seen at similar latitudes in other parts of the Southern Hemisphere. A similar analysis was carried out for eastern Brazil using gridded indices calculated from 354 stations from the Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN) database. The observed trend toward wetter conditions in the southwest and drier conditions in the northeast could again be explained by changes in ENSO. © 2006 American Meteorological Society.  |l eng 
593 |a Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom 
593 |a National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, NC, United States 
593 |a Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil 
593 |a Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 
593 |a Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, Brasilia, Brazil 
593 |a Dirección Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología, DINAC, Luquq, Paraguay 
593 |a Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina 
593 |a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Port Alegre, Brazil 
593 |a Faculty of Science, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay 
593 |a Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay 
593 |a Dirección Nacional de Meteorología, Montevideo, Uruguay 
593 |a Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, La Molina, Peru 
593 |a Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil 
593 |a University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States 
593 |a Banco Nacional De Datos, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Buenos Aires, Argentina 
593 |a Fundação Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hídricos (FUNCEME), Fortaleza, Brazil 
593 |a Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, Brazil 
593 |a Dirección Meteorológica de Chile, Santiago, Chile 
593 |a Faculty of Marine Sciences, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuador 
593 |a Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología, Lima, Peru 
593 |a Meteorological Service of Canada, Downsview, Ont., Canada 
650 1 7 |2 spines  |a PERU 
651 4 |a ARGENTINA 
651 4 |a CHILE 
651 4 |a ECUADOR 
651 4 |a PARAGUAY 
651 4 |a SOUTH AMERICA 
651 4 |a URUGUAY 
690 1 0 |a ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE 
690 1 0 |a EARTH ATMOSPHERE 
690 1 0 |a RAIN 
690 1 0 |a STATISTICAL METHODS 
690 1 0 |a WEATHER FORECASTING 
690 1 0 |a RAINFALL INDEX 
690 1 0 |a SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE 
690 1 0 |a SOUTHERN OSCILLATION INDEX 
690 1 0 |a CLIMATOLOGY 
690 1 0 |a CORRELATION 
690 1 0 |a EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION 
690 1 0 |a PRECIPITATION INTENSITY 
690 1 0 |a SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE 
690 1 0 |a BRAZIL 
700 1 |a Peterson, T.C. 
700 1 |a Alves, L.M. 
700 1 |a Ambrizzi, T. 
700 1 |a Anunciação, Y.M.T. 
700 1 |a Baez, J. 
700 1 |a Barros, V.R. 
700 1 |a Berlato, M.A. 
700 1 |a Bidegain, M. 
700 1 |a Coronel, Genaro 
700 1 |a Corradi, V. 
700 1 |a Garcia, V.J. 
700 1 |a Grimm, A.M. 
700 1 |a Karoly, D. 
700 1 |a Marengo, José Alberto 
700 1 |a Marino, M.B. 
700 1 |a Moncunill, D.F. 
700 1 |a Nechet, D. 
700 1 |a Quintana, J. 
700 1 |a Rebello, E. 
700 1 |a Rusticucci, M. 
700 1 |a Santos, J.L. 
700 1 |a Trebejo, I. 
700 1 |a Vincent, L.A. 
773 0 |d 2006  |g v. 19  |h pp. 1490-1512  |k n. 8  |p J. Clim.  |x 08948755  |w (AR-BaUEN)CENRE-5480  |t Journal of Climate 
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