Immunology south of the equator in the Americas
Guardado en:
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | , , |
| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2008
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Registro en Scopus DOI Handle Registro en la Biblioteca Digital |
| Aporte de: | Registro referencial: Solicitar el recurso aquí |
| LEADER | 13994caa a22013217a 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | PAPER-5682 | ||
| 003 | AR-BaUEN | ||
| 005 | 20230607132233.0 | ||
| 008 | 190411s2008 xx ||||fo|||| 00| 0 eng|d | ||
| 024 | 7 | |2 scopus |a 2-s2.0-52649106428 | |
| 040 | |a Scopus |b spa |c AR-BaUEN |d AR-BaUEN | ||
| 030 | |a NIAMC | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Rabinovich, G.A. | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Immunology south of the equator in the Americas |
| 260 | |c 2008 | ||
| 270 | 1 | 0 | |m Rabinovich, G.A.; Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina; email: gabyrabi@ciudad.com.ar |
| 506 | |2 openaire |e Política editorial | ||
| 504 | |a Triunfol, M.L., (2007) Cell, 131, pp. 1213-1216 | ||
| 504 | |a Springer, T.A., (2002) Nat. Immunol, 3, pp. 501-503 | ||
| 504 | |a Pasqualini, C.D., (1987) Medicina (Buenos Aires), 47, pp. 673-678 | ||
| 504 | |a Kaiser, J., (2002) Science, 295, p. 2356 | ||
| 504 | |a Smaglik, P., (2008) Nature, 451, pp. 494-741 | ||
| 504 | |a Dos Santos, N.F., Rumjanek, V.M., (2001) Scientometrics, 50, pp. 405-418 | ||
| 504 | |a Coutinho, M., Freire Jr., O., Pinto-Dias, J.C., (1999) Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro), 94, pp. 123-129 | ||
| 504 | |a Sant'Anna, O.A., (2007) Scand. J. Immunol, 66, pp. 106-112 | ||
| 504 | |a Munoz, M.A., Abarca, V.K., Luchsinger, U., Valenzuela, B.M. & Jimenez de la J, J. Rev. Chilena Infectol. 23, 124-127 (2006); De Meis, L., Arruda, A.P., Guimarães, J., (2007) IUBMB Life, 59, pp. 227-234 | ||
| 504 | |a Rabinovich, G.A., (2007) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 18, pp. 1-3 | ||
| 504 | |a Rezaie, R., (2008) Nat. Biotechnol, 26, pp. 627-644 | ||
| 504 | |a Ferreira, A., (2006) Immunobiology, 2 ll, p. 1 | ||
| 504 | |a Wilhelm, V., (2006) Vaccine, 24, pp. 5083-5091 | ||
| 504 | |a Jimenez, J., Kalergis, A., (2007) Lancet, 370, pp. 1598-1599 | ||
| 504 | |a Aguillón, J.C., (2003) Rev. Med. Chil, 131, pp. 1445-1453 | ||
| 504 | |a Orellana, C., (2003) Lancet Oncol, 4, p. 712 | ||
| 504 | |a Leiva, L.E., (2007) J. Clin. Immunol, 27, pp. 101-108 | ||
| 504 | |a Ault, S.K., (2007) Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro), 102, pp. 99-107 | ||
| 504 | |a Stutman, O., (2000) Medicina (Buenos Aires), 60, pp. 29-36 | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: National Council for Scientific Research | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: Total | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: National Council for Scientific Research | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: National IT Industry Promotion Agency, NIPA | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: National Science and Technology Development Agency | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: National Council for Scientific Research | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: Fondo de Fomento al Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: National Council for Scientific Research | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: National Science and Technology Development Agency | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: National Council for Scientific Research | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: and 1980s, critically affected all the scientific institutions and considerably delayed the progress of biomedical sciences including immunology. Notably, the Argentinean National Research Council of Scientific and Technical Investigations successfully survived these adverse circumstances, still serving as the main traditional scientific institution, providing salaries, fellowships and grants to most of the Argentinean scientific community. In addition, in the late 1990s, another agency, The National Agency for Promotion of Science and Technology, was created to provide funding on a permanent basis for high-quality research. Despite this progress, after the economic crash of 2001–2002, Argentinean scientists again faced a nearly insurmountable funding reduction in grants and salaries, which fueled fears of another ‘brain drain’ that could turn back the clock of scientific development4. Yet fortunately, major talent was retained and more favorable ‘winds’have arrived with the governmental decision to create the first-ever Ministry of Science and Technology in Argentina5. | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: Motivated by sustained economic growth in the region, the governments of Argentina, Brazil and Chile are increasing their investments in basic and applied research1,5,10. In the past 5 years, funding for biomedical research in Argentina, including immunology, has increased considerably. This funding has been provided mainly by The National Agency for Promotion of Science and Technology, the Argentinean National Research Council of Scientific and Technical Investigations and some private foundations. Notably, immunology proposals have accounted for 23% of all biomedical projects and 3% of the total projects funded by The National Agency for Promotion of Science and Technology over the past 3 years. The consequence of sustained funding is reflected by an increase in the number and quality of publications. In 2007, immunology contributed to 7.1% of papers published by Argentine authors in the life sciences and contributed to 2.5% of all scientific production by the country. The greater competitiveness of Argentinean immunologists is reflected not only by the rising number of papers in the most rigorous journals but also by the establishment of longstanding international collaborative programs. Most of this scientific production is generated at institutes of the Argentinean National Research Council of Scientific and Technical Investigations and universities in Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Rosario, La Plata, but it is also generated in other places such as Tucumán, San Luis and Mendoza. Notably, immunology is one of the most popular disciplines among young scientists in Argentina. This fortunate event is mainly due to the large number of courses, masters and doctoral programs focused on basic and advanced immunology and the enormous human potential devoted to teaching and mentoring. At present, autoimmunity, infectious disease, inflammation and tumor immunity are the most important fields covered by Argentinean immunologists, although there is a strong focus on other topics, including neuroimmu-nomodulation, allergy, reproductive immunology, immunogenetics and vaccination, at the crossroad of innate and adaptive immunity11. Present approaches involve the integration of immunology with genomics, proteomics and systems biology and the implementation of interdisciplinary programs. However, the most critical priority on the agenda of Argentinean immunologists still involves the establishment of strong connections between academia and biotechnology companies in the arena of public health, and in fact there are already important efforts in this direction that include the development of new biological products such as vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, cell-based therapies and immunomodulatory drugs. | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: In Chile, a synergistic process has taken place combining the expertise of local immunologists and those returning home from postdoctoral training, which has led to the establishment of teams covering several areas of modern fundamental immunology, such as innate and adaptive immune responses, pathogen and tumor immunity, reproductive immunology, vaccine development, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and transplantation11,13. Furthermore, other groups have focused their efforts on the generation of veterinary vaccines against pathogens that can damage the productivity of Chilean industries such as salmon and cattle production14. Most immunology laboratories have been successful in obtaining governmental funding, mainly from FONDECYT and FONDEF, two programs of the Chilean National Research Council. In addition, the Chilean National Research Council has considerably increased its support of graduate students and postdoctoral trainees by means of specific fellowships. As a result, immunology laboratories in Chile have become attractive places for students seeking high-quality training in both basic and applied research. As a result of the increased funding, in 2007, immunology contributed to 5.6% of the papers published by Chilean authors in the life sciences and to 2.2% of the entire scientific production. In addition, an increasing number of immunologists are actively working in close collaboration with biotechnology companies to generate innovative products for the prevention or treatment of prevalent diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory-autoimmune disorders and infectious disease15,16. These projects have expanded, thanks to programs implemented by the Chilean government to encourage applied research in priority areas. These programs have stimulated innovative research on immunology as collaborations between investigators at universities and private companies. The first excellence funding grant on immunology was the Millennium Nucleus on Immunology and Immunotherapy supported by the Iniciativa Científica Milenio. This is a multidisciplinary program involving nine head researchers based at two of the largest Chilean universities (Pontificia Catholic University of Chile and University of Chile) and includes over 100 young investigators (undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral fellows), three large hospitals and six biotechnology companies. Some of these companies, including Biosonda and Oncobiomed are ‘spin-offs’ created by immunologists participating in this program grant. The nucleus aims to improve the quality of basic immunology research, to | ||
| 536 | |a Detalles de la financiación: We thank R. Barrere of the Argentinean Center of Scientific and Technological Information (Argentinian National Research Council of Scientific and Technical Investigations), C. Cassanello (National Agency for Promotion of Science and Technology), C. da Silva Valério of the Brazilian Research Council (National Council of Technological and Scientific Development of Brazil) and the Chilean National Research Council and Iniciativa Científica Milenio from Chile for information; C.D. Pasqualini, C. Riera, L. Fainboim, M. Isturiz, A. De Ioannes, F. Zavala, M. Rosemblatt, S. Jacobelli and V. Rumjanek for historical insights; E. Charreau, J. Geffner, S. Bueno and P. Gonzalez for discussions; and M. Toscano for figure design. We apologize to the many scientists in our countries not cited in this article because of space limitations or involuntary omission. | ||
| 593 | |a Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina | ||
| 593 | |a Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina | ||
| 593 | |a Millennium Nucleus on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Santiago E-8331010, Chile | ||
| 593 | |a Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina | ||
| 593 | |a Laboratório de Pesquisas sobre o Timo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil | ||
| 593 | |a Departamento de Reumatología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago E-8331010, Chile | ||
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a VACCINE |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a AUTOIMMUNITY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a AWARDS AND PRIZES |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a BRAZIL |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a CELL THERAPY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a CHAGAS DISEASE |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a CHOLERA |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a CLINICAL RESEARCH |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a DRUG RESEARCH |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a ECONOMIC ASPECT |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a EDUCATION PROGRAM |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a FUNDING |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a HEMORRHAGIC FEVER |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a IMMUNOGENETICS |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a IMMUNOLOGY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a INFLAMMATION |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a INNATE IMMUNITY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a INVESTMENT |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a LEPROSY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a MEDICAL EDUCATION |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a MEDICAL LITERATURE |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a NEUROIMMUNOLOGY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a NOTE |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a PLAGUE |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a POLITICS |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a PRIORITY JOURNAL |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a PUBLICATION |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a TUMOR IMMUNITY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a VACCINE PRODUCTION |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a YELLOW FEVER |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a ANIMALS |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY |
| 690 | 1 | 0 | |a HUMANS |
| 651 | 4 | |a ARGENTINA | |
| 651 | 4 | |a CHILE | |
| 651 | 4 | |a SOUTH AMERICA | |
| 651 | 4 | |a SOUTH AMERICA | |
| 650 | 1 | 7 | |2 spines |a TUBERCULOSIS |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kalergis, A.M. | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zwirner, N.W. | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Savino, W. | |
| 773 | 0 | |d 2008 |g v. 9 |h pp. 1087-1090 |k n. 10 |p Nat. Immunol. |x 15292908 |w (AR-BaUEN)CENRE-6216 |t Nature Immunology | |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |u https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-52649106428&doi=10.1038%2fni1008-1087&partnerID=40&md5=8eeb705fd0bf1382596ccc98222ac81d |y Registro en Scopus |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1038/ni1008-1087 |y DOI |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12110/paper_15292908_v9_n10_p1087_Rabinovich |y Handle |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://bibliotecadigital.exactas.uba.ar/collection/paper/document/paper_15292908_v9_n10_p1087_Rabinovich |y Registro en la Biblioteca Digital |
| 961 | |a paper_15292908_v9_n10_p1087_Rabinovich |b paper |c PE | ||
| 962 | |a info:eu-repo/semantics/article |a info:ar-repo/semantics/artículo |b info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | ||
| 999 | |c 66635 | ||