The Grass was Greener: Repeated Evolution of Specialized Morphologies and Habitat Shifts in Ghost Spiders Following Grassland Expansion in South America

While grasslands, one of Earth's major biomes, are known for their close evolutionary ties with ungulate grazers, these habitats are also paramount to the origins and diversification of other animals. Within the primarily South American spider subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Anyphaenidae), several s...

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Autor principal: Sara Ceccarelli, F.
Otros Autores: Koch, N.M, Soto, E.M, Barone, M.L, Arnedo, M.A, Ramírez, M.J
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Publicado: Oxford University Press 2019
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100 1 |a Sara Ceccarelli, F. 
245 1 4 |a The Grass was Greener: Repeated Evolution of Specialized Morphologies and Habitat Shifts in Ghost Spiders Following Grassland Expansion in South America 
260 |b Oxford University Press  |c 2019 
270 1 0 |m Ceccarelli, F.S.; División de Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "bernardino Rivadavia", Av. Angel Gallardo 470, Argentina; email: saracecca@hotmail.com 
506 |2 openaire  |e Política editorial 
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520 3 |a While grasslands, one of Earth's major biomes, are known for their close evolutionary ties with ungulate grazers, these habitats are also paramount to the origins and diversification of other animals. Within the primarily South American spider subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Anyphaenidae), several species are found living in the continent's grasslands, with some displaying putative morphological adaptations to dwelling unnoticed in the grass blades. Herein, a dated molecular phylogeny provides the backbone for analyses revealing the ecological and morphological processes behind these spiders' grassland adaptations. The multiple switches from Patagonian forests to open habitats coincide with the expansion of South America's grasslands during the Miocene, while the specialized morphology of several grass-dwelling spiders originated at least three independent times and is best described as the result of different selective regimes operating on macroevolutionary timescales. Although grass-adapted lineages evolved towards different peaks in adaptive landscape, they all share one characteristic: an anterior narrowing of the prosoma allowing spiders to extend the first two pairs of legs, thus maintaining a slender resting posture in the grass blade. By combining phylogenetic, morphological, and biogeographic perspectives we disentangle multiple factors determining the evolution of a clade of terrestrial invertebrate predators alongside their biomes. © 2018 The Author(s).  |l eng 
536 |a Detalles de la financiación: National Geographic Society, 8969-11 
536 |a Detalles de la financiación: Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, PICT 2011-1007, PICT 2015-283 
536 |a Detalles de la financiación: Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva, CGL2009-07639 
536 |a Detalles de la financiación: National Council for Scientific Research 
536 |a Detalles de la financiación: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas 
536 |a Detalles de la financiación: FUNDING This work was supported by the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica Argentina (ANPCyT, grant numbers PICT 2011-1007, PICT 2015-283), and the International Barcode of Life Project (iBOL) Argentina 2012 from the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) Argentina. Additional funds were provided by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MA, grant number CGL2009-07639) and from The National Geographic Society (Gustavo Hormiga, MA, grant number 8969-11). 
593 |a División de Aracnología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "bernardino Rivadavia", Av. Angel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires, C1405DJR, Argentina 
593 |a Departamento de Biología de la Conservación, CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carr Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Ensenada, B.C., 22860, Mexico 
593 |a Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, 210 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, United States 
593 |a Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II (C1428 EHA), Buenos Aires, Argentina 
593 |a Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, Barcelona, E-8028, Spain 
690 1 0 |a AMAUROBIOIDINAE 
690 1 0 |a ANYPHAENIDAE 
690 1 0 |a BIOGEOGRAPHY 
690 1 0 |a CONVERGENCE 
690 1 0 |a MACROEVOLUTION 
690 1 0 |a MORPHOMETRICS 
690 1 0 |a ADAPTATION 
690 1 0 |a ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY 
690 1 0 |a ANIMAL 
690 1 0 |a CLASSIFICATION 
690 1 0 |a ECOSYSTEM 
690 1 0 |a EVOLUTION 
690 1 0 |a GENETICS 
690 1 0 |a GRASSLAND 
690 1 0 |a PHYLOGENY 
690 1 0 |a PHYSIOLOGY 
690 1 0 |a SPIDER 
690 1 0 |a ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL 
690 1 0 |a ANIMALS 
690 1 0 |a BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION 
690 1 0 |a ECOSYSTEM 
690 1 0 |a GRASSLAND 
690 1 0 |a PHYLOGENY 
690 1 0 |a SPIDERS 
651 4 |a SOUTH AMERICA 
651 4 |a SOUTH AMERICA 
700 1 |a Koch, N.M. 
700 1 |a Soto, E.M. 
700 1 |a Barone, M.L. 
700 1 |a Arnedo, M.A. 
700 1 |a Ramírez, M.J. 
773 0 |d Oxford University Press, 2019  |g v. 68  |h pp. 63-77  |k n. 1  |p Syst. Biol.  |x 10635157  |w (AR-BaUEN)CENRE-3024  |t Systematic Biology 
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