Uncropped field margins to mitigate soil carbon losses in agricultural landscapes

Agricultural intensification is a major cause of habitat transformation. Continuous cropping alters ecosystem services, such as biodiversity and carbon sequestration. Empirical evidence from agricultural lands in Argentina has shown that permanently vegetated areas imbedded in the agricultural matri...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: D'Acunto, Luciana
Otros Autores: Semmartin, María, Ghersa, Claudio Marco
Formato: Artículo
Lenguaje:Español
Materias:
Acceso en línea:http://ri.agro.uba.ar/files/intranet/articulo/2014dacunto.pdf
LINK AL EDITOR
Aporte de:Registro referencial: Solicitar el recurso aquí
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520 |a Agricultural intensification is a major cause of habitat transformation. Continuous cropping alters ecosystem services, such as biodiversity and carbon sequestration. Empirical evidence from agricultural lands in Argentina has shown that permanently vegetated areas imbedded in the agricultural matrix [uncropped margins] play a critical role in plant and animal communities compared to the usual situation of crops surrounded by other crops [cultivated margins]. However, the potential impact of uncropped margins on their own carbon stocks and fluxes and on those of their neighbouring cropped fields remains unknown. We investigated the impact of uncropped [herbaceous and woody] and cropped margins [cultivated fields] on their own topsoil carbon stocks and fluxes and on those of their neighbouring croplands [soybean fields]. We identified soybean fields adjacent to one of three possible margin types: herbaceous or woody permanent vegetation, and field crop, which acted as control because it is the most frequent situation in the region. In each of these margin-soybean pairs, we sampled transects from the margin towards the centre of the soybean field [50. m]. Woody margins showed the greatest soil carbon content, the least decomposable plant litter and the greatest influence on the neighbouring crop. Conversely, herbaceous margins had the lowest litter accumulation and the most decomposable litter. Only woody margins influenced soil properties in the first metres of the cropped neighbourhood. Centres of soybean fields were similar, irrespective of margin type. The decomposition of common substrates was not affected by margin type. These findings suggest that woody margins are the unique element of the current landscape with a potential to mitigate soil carbon loss from agroecosystems, albeit spatially limited. In contrast, the low biomass and highly decomposable litter of herbaceous margins reveal the urgent need to re-think their current management strategies. 
653 0 |a AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION 
653 0 |a AGRICULTURAL LAND 
653 0 |a ARGENTINA 
653 0 |a CARBON FLUX 
653 0 |a CONTINUOUS CROPPING 
653 0 |a DECOMPOSITION 
653 0 |a FIELD MARGIN 
653 0 |a FIELD MARGINS 
653 0 |a HABITAT FRAGMENTATION 
653 0 |a INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE 
653 0 |a MITIGATION 
653 0 |a PAMPAS 
653 0 |a SOIL CARBON 
653 0 |a SOYBEAN 
700 1 |9 7454  |a Semmartin, María 
700 1 |9 7549  |a Ghersa, Claudio Marco 
773 |t Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment  |g vol.183 (2014), p.60-68 
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900 |a CARBON FLUX 
900 |a CONTINUOUS CROPPING 
900 |a DECOMPOSITION 
900 |a FIELD MARGIN 
900 |a FIELD MARGINS 
900 |a HABITAT FRAGMENTATION 
900 |a INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE 
900 |a MITIGATION 
900 |a PAMPAS 
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900 |a SOYBEAN 
900 |a Agricultural intensification is a major cause of habitat transformation. Continuous cropping alters ecosystem services, such as biodiversity and carbon sequestration. Empirical evidence from agricultural lands in Argentina has shown that permanently vegetated areas imbedded in the agricultural matrix [uncropped margins] play a critical role in plant and animal communities compared to the usual situation of crops surrounded by other crops [cultivated margins]. However, the potential impact of uncropped margins on their own carbon stocks and fluxes and on those of their neighbouring cropped fields remains unknown. We investigated the impact of uncropped [herbaceous and woody] and cropped margins [cultivated fields] on their own topsoil carbon stocks and fluxes and on those of their neighbouring croplands [soybean fields]. We identified soybean fields adjacent to one of three possible margin types: herbaceous or woody permanent vegetation, and field crop, which acted as control because it is the most frequent situation in the region. In each of these margin-soybean pairs, we sampled transects from the margin towards the centre of the soybean field [50. m]. Woody margins showed the greatest soil carbon content, the least decomposable plant litter and the greatest influence on the neighbouring crop. Conversely, herbaceous margins had the lowest litter accumulation and the most decomposable litter. Only woody margins influenced soil properties in the first metres of the cropped neighbourhood. Centres of soybean fields were similar, irrespective of margin type. The decomposition of common substrates was not affected by margin type. These findings suggest that woody margins are the unique element of the current landscape with a potential to mitigate soil carbon loss from agroecosystems, albeit spatially limited. In contrast, the low biomass and highly decomposable litter of herbaceous margins reveal the urgent need to re-think their current management strategies. 
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