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|a 9783540640035
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|c WAA
|a WAA
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|a spa
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|a Passchier, Cees W.
|9 14500
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|a Microtectonics /
|c Cees W. Passchier and Rudolph A. J. Trouw
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250 |
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|a 1st ed.
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260 |
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|a Berlin :
|b Springer,
|c 2005
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300 |
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|a 366 p. :
|b grafs.,fot. ;
|c 28 cm.
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500 |
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|a Incluye índice analítico
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505 |
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|a 1. A Framework of Microtectonic Studies. 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Establishing and Interpreting Deformation Phases -- 1.3. Deformation Phases and Metamorphic Events -- 2. Flow and Deformation -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Terminology -- 2.3. Description and Reconstruction of Deformation -- 2.4. Reference Frames -- 2.5. Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Flow and Deformation -- 2.5.1. Introduction -- 2.5.2. Numerical Description of Homogeneous Flow and Deformation -- 2.6. Deformation and Strain -- 2.7. Progressive and Finite Deformation -- 2.8. Flow and Deformation in Three Dimensions -- 2.9. Fabric Attractor -- 2.10. Application to Rocks -- 2.11. Stress and Deformation -- 2.12. Rheology -- 3. Deformation Mechanisms. 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Brittle Fracturing – Cataclasis -- 3.3. Dissolution-Precipitation -- 3.4. Intracrystalline Deformation -- 3.5. Twinning and Kinking -- 3.6. Recovery -- 3.7. Recrystallisation -- 3.7.1 Grain Boundary Mobility -- 3.7.2. Bulging (BLG) Recrystallisation -- 3.7.3. Subgrain Rotation (SGR) Recrystallisation -- 3.7.4. High-Temperature Grain Boundary Migration (GBM) Recrystallisation -- 3.8. Solid-State Diffusion Creep, Granular Flow and Superplasticity -- 3.9. Competing Processes During Deformation -- 3.10. Grain Boundary Area Reduction (GBAR) -- 3.11. Static Recrystallisation -- 3.12. Deformation of Some Rock-Forming Minerals -- 3.12.1. Introduction -- 3.12.2 Quartz -- 3.12.3. Calcite and Dolomite -- 3.12.4. Feldspars -- 3.12.5. Micas -- 3.12.6. Olivine -- 3.12.7 Orthopyroxene -- 3.12.8. Clinopyroxene -- 3.12.9. Garnet -- 3.12.10. Amphiboles -- 3.13. Deformation of Polymineralic Rocks -- 3.13.1. Introduction -- 3.13.2. Quartz-Feldspar Aggregates -- 3.13.3 Deformed Rhyolites – an Exception -- 3.14. Flow Laws and Deformation Mechanism Maps -- 4. Foliations, Lineations and Lattice Preferred Orientation. 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Foliations -- 4.2.1. Primary Foliation -- 4.2.2. Diagenetic Foliation -- 4.2.3. Secondary Foliations -- 4.2.4. Morphology of Foliations -- 4.2.5. Continuous Foliation -- 4.2.6. Spaced Foliation -- 4.2.7. Mechanisms of Foliation Development -- 4.2.8. Development of Spaced Foliations -- 4.2.9 Geological Context of Foliation Development -- 4.2.10. Practical Use of Foliations -- 4.3. Lineations -- 4.3.1. Terminology of Lineations --4.3.2. Development of Lineations -- 4.4. Lattice-Preferred Orientation (LPO) -- 4.4.1. Introduction -- 4.4.2. Origin of Lattice-Preferred Orientation -- 4.4.3. Presentation of LPO Data -- 4.4.4. LPO Patterns of Quartz -- 4.4.5. LPO Patterns of Other Minerals -- 5. Shear Zones. 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Brittle Fault Rocks -- 5.2.1. Introduction -- 5.2.2. Incohesive Fault Rocks -- 5.2.3. Deformation Bands -- 5.2.4. Cohesive Fault Rocks -- 5.2.5. Pseudotachylyte -- 5.3. Mylonite -- 5.3.1. Introduction -- 5.3.2. Characteristic Fabric Elements -- 5.3.3. Mylonite Classification -- 5.3.4. Dynamics of Mylonite Development -- 5.3.5. Mylonite Development at Different Metamorphic Conditions -- 5.4. Complex Fault Rocks -- 5.5. Sense of Shear -- 5.5.1. Introduction -- 5.5.2. Displacement and Deflection of Markers -- 5.5.3. Foliation Curvature -- 5.6. Microscopic Shear Sense Indicators in Mylonite -- 5.6.1. Introduction -- 5.6.2. Foliation Orientation -- 5.6.3. Shear Band Cleavage -- 5.6.4. Porphyroclast Systems in Mylonites – Introduction -- 5.6.5- Mantled Porphyroclasts -- 5.6.6. Mineral Fish -- 5.6.7. The Development of Porphyroclast Systems -- 5.6.8. Porphyroclast Systems as Shear Sense Indicators -- 5.6.9. Quarter Structures -- 5.6.10. Lattice-Preferred Orientation - 5.6.11. Vergence of Asymmetric Fold Sections -- 5.6.12. Potential Shear Sense Markers -- 5.7. Shear Sense Indicators in the Brittle Regime -- 5.7.1. Introduction -- 5.7.2. Incohesive Brittle Fault Rocks -- 5.7.3. Cohesive Brittle Fault Rocks -- 5.7.4. Pseudotachylyte -- 6. Dilatation Sites – Veins, Strain Shadows, Fringes and Boudins. 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Veins -- 6.2.1. Crystals in Veins -- 6.2.2. The internal Structure of Veins -- 6.2.3. Curved Fibres and Fibre Growth Direction -- 6.2.4. Veins in Non-Coaxial Progressive Deformation -- 6.2.5. Shear Veins, Slickenfibres and Bedding Veins -- 6.3. Fringe Structures -- 6.3.1. Introduction -- 6.3.2. Fringes on Spherical Core Objects --6.3.3. Fringes on Angular Core Objects -- 6.4. Fringes and the Deformation Path -- 6.5. Non-Fibrous Strain Shadows and Strain Caps -- 6.6. Microboudinage -- 7. Porphyroblasts and Reaction Rims. 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Porphyroblast Nucleation and Growth -- 7.3. Inclusions -- 7.4. Classification of Porphyroblast-Matrix Relations -- 7.4.1. Introduction -- 7.4.2. Pretectonic Porphyroblast Growth -- 7.4.3. Intertectonic Porphyroblast Growth -- 7.4.4. Syntectonic Porphyroblast Growth -- 7.4.5. Post-Tectonic Porphyroblast Growth -- 7.4.6. Complex Porphyroblast Growth -- 7.5. Millipede, Deflection-Fold and Oppositely Concave Microfold (OCM) Microstructures -- 7.6. Problematic Porphyroblast Microstructures -- 7.6.1. Inclusion-Free Porphyroblasts -- 7.6.2. Shape and Size of Inclusions compared to Matrix Grains -- 7.6.3. False Inclusion Patterns -- 7.6.4. Mimetic Growth -- 7.6.5. Deformed Porphyroblasts -- 7.6.6 Uncertain Age Relation of Host and Inclusions -- 7.6.7. Discontinuous Si and Se -- 7.6.8. Rotation of Porphyroblasts -- 7.6.9. Amalgamated Porphyroblasts -- 7.7. Crystallographically Determined Inclusion Patterns -- 7.8. Reaction Rims -- 7.8.1. Introduction -- 7.8.2. Coronas and Moats -- 7.8.3. Symplectites -- 7.8.4. Establishing the Nature of Reactions -- 7.8.5. Pseudomorphs -- 7.8.6. Relation with Deformation -- 8. Primary Structures. 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Primary Structures in Rocks of Igneous Origin or in Migmatites -- 8.2.1. Magmatic and Submagmatic Flow -- 8.2.2. Evidence for Magmatic Flow -- 8.2.3. Evidence for Submagmatic Flow -- 8.2.4. Evidence for Solid State Deformation -- 8.3. Primary Structures in Sedimentary Rocks -- 9. Natural Microgauges. 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Strain Gauges -- 9.3. Vorticity Gauges -- 9.3.1. Introduction -- 9.3.2. Deformed Sets of Veins -- 9.3.3. Lattice-Preferred Orientation -- 9.3.4. Mantled Porphyroclasts, Fibrous Veins and Fringes -- 9.3.5. Porphyroblasts -- 9.3.6. Tension Gashes and Foliations in Shear Zones -- 9.3.7. Oblique Foliations -- 9.3.8. Al-Cr Zoning in Spinel -- 9.3.9. Wk History and Accuracy -- 9.4. The Concept of Palaeostress Gauges -- 9.5. Gauges for the Orientation of Palaeostress Principal Axes -- 9.5.1. Twins in Calcite and Other Minerals -- 9.5.2. Fractures and Fluid Inclusion Planes -- 9.5.3. Deformation Lamellae -- 9.5.4. Flame Perthite -- 9.6. Differential Stress Gauges (Palaeopiezometers) -- 9.6.1. Vein and Fracture Types -- 9.6.2. Dynamically Recrystallised Grain Size -- 9.6.3. Twins in Calcite and Dolomite -- 9.6.4. Twins in Pyroxenes -- 9.6.5. Microboudins -- 9.6.6. Deformation Lamellae -- 9.7. Pressure Gauges -- 9.8. Strain Rate Gauges -- 9.9. Temperature Gauges -- 9.10. Rheology Gauges -- 9.10.1 Introduction -- 9.10.2 Folding and Boudinage -- 9.10.3. Fish and Mantled Objects -- 10 Special Techniques. 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Techniques to Study Deformation Fabrics -- 10.2.1. Cathodoluminescence -- 10.2.2 Raman Spectroscopy -- 10.2.3. Electron Microscopy – Introduction -- 10.2.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) -- 10.2.5. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) -- 10.2.6. Tomography -- 10.3. Methods to Measure Lattice-Preferred Orientation -- 10.3.1. Introduction -- 10.3.2. U-Stage Measurements -- 10.3.3. U-Stage Sample Selection -- 10.3.4. Optical Semiautomatic Methods -- 10.3.5. Texture Goniometers -- 10.3.6. SEM-Techniques -- 10.4. Chemical and Isotope Analysis -- 10.4.1. Electron Microprobe -- 10.4.2. Proton Microprobe -- 10.4.3. ERDA and RToF Heavy Ion Microprobes -- 10.4.4. Mass Spectrometry – Introduction -- 10.4.5. SIMS, TIMS and SHRIMP -- 10.4.6. ICPMS and LA-ICPMS -- 10.4.7. In-Situ Age Determinations -- 10.5. Fluid Inclusion Studies -- 10.5.1. Introduction -- 10.5.2. Non-Destructive Techniques to Study Fluid Inclusions -- 10.6. Image Analysis -- 10.6.1. Introduction -- 10.6.2. SURFOR and PAROR -- 11. Experimental Modelling Techniques -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Experimental Deformation of Analogue Materials -- 11.3. Large-Scale Analogue Modelling -- 11.4. Micro-Analogue Modelling -- 11.4.1. Introduction -- 11.4.2. Linear Rig -- 11.4.3. Torsion Rig -- 11.4.4. Triaxial Rig -- 11.4.5. Marker Particles -- 11.4.6. Examples of Analogue Experiments -- 11.5. Numerical Modelling -- 11.5.1. Introduction -- 11.5.2. Finite Element and Finite Difference Modelling -- 11.5.3. Full Microstructural Modelling -- 12. From Sample to Section. 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2 Sampling -- 12.3. Orientation of Hand Specimens -- 12.4. Where to Sample in Outcrop -- 12.5. Cutting Samples -- 12.6. Types of Thin Sections -- 12.7. Geometries in Thin Section – a Problem of Dimensions -- 12.8. Choosing the Orientation of Thin Sections.
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650 |
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|a Geología
|9 1052
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650 |
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0 |
|a Geodinámica
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650 |
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0 |
|a Tectónica
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