Fisher-consistency Robust estimation Outliers Algorithms Análisis de Componentes Principales BTEX Brightness temperatures Cells Covariance Operator Cytology Elliptical distribution Expectation-maximization (EM) algorithms Expectation-maximization algorithms Functional Data Analysis Functional data Functional principal component Functional principal components Geophysical parameters Image segmentation Influence function Inverse problems Iterative methods Lightning Lightning activity Lightning location Lightning protection Maximum principle Method of sieves Modelos Receptores Métodos No Paramétricos