Electrons Energy dissipation Electron emission Condensed matter physics Double differential Electron emission spectra Electron gas Electronic band structure Emission probabilities Emission spectroscopy Ionization Projectiles Band structure Binding energy Binding sites Dielectric models Dirac equations Electron energy loss spectroscopy Emission distribution Emission spectrums Energy loss Energy regions Ionization cross section Lead Lead alloys Linear equations Nuclear energy Perturbative method Potential energy Projectile charge