Chiral 4 Crystal defects 4 Crystal orientation 4 Defect structures 4 Distortion (waves) 4 Elasticity 4 Ions 4 Laplace transforms 4 Light polarization 4 Mathematical models 4 Smectic liquid crystals 4 Splay 4 Suspended films 4 Suspensions (fluids) 4 Thin films 4 Viscosity of liquids 4 Angular variation of pinning near the irreversibility temperature in single crystal Y Ba2Cu3O7−δ with splayed columnar defects 1 Columnar defects 1 Critical current density 1 FLUJO MAGNETICO 1 FUERZA DE ANCLAJE 1 Flux pinning 1 Pinning force 1