Current understanding of the roles of gut–brain axis in the cognitive deficits caused by perinatal stress exposure
Abstract: Abstract: The term ‘perinatal environment’ refers to the period surrounding birth, which plays a crucial role in brain development. It has been suggested that dynamic communication between the neuro–immune system and gut microbiota is essential in maintaining adequate brain function. Thi...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/17342 |
| Aporte de: |
| Sumario: | Abstract: Abstract: The term ‘perinatal environment’ refers to the period surrounding birth, which plays a
crucial role in brain development. It has been suggested that dynamic communication between the
neuro–immune system and gut microbiota is essential in maintaining adequate brain function. This
interaction depends on the mother’s status during pregnancy and/or the newborn environment.
Here, we show experimental and clinical evidence that indicates that the perinatal period is a critical
window in which stress-induced immune activation and altered microbiota compositions produce
lasting behavioral consequences, although a clear causative relationship has not yet been established.
In addition, we discuss potential early treatments for preventing the deleterious effect of perinatal
stress exposure. In this sense, early environmental enrichment exposure (including exercise) and
melatonin use in the perinatal period could be valuable in improving the negative consequences
of early adversities. The evidence presented in this review encourages the realization of studies
investigating the beneficial role of melatonin administration and environmental enrichment exposure
in mitigating cognitive alteration in offspring under perinatal stress exposure. On the other hand,
direct evidence of microbiota restoration as the main mechanism behind the beneficial effects of this
treatment has not been fully demonstrated and should be explored in future studies. |
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