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Equine parasites are considered responsible for the decrease in sports performance and \ncause alterations in development during their juvenile stage. The environment where they are \nand the management applied to them, affects the greater or lesser incidence in the appearance of parasitic diseases....
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| Formato: | Tesis de maestría acceptedVersion |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
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Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
2022
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| Acceso en línea: | http://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?a=d&c=avemaster&cl=CL1&d=HWA_6991 https://repositoriouba.sisbi.uba.ar/gsdl/collect/avemaster/index/assoc/HWA_6991.dir/6991.PDF |
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| Sumario: | Equine parasites are considered responsible for the decrease in sports performance and \ncause alterations in development during their juvenile stage. The environment where they are \nand the management applied to them, affects the greater or lesser incidence in the appearance of parasitic diseases. Currently the indiscriminate use of antiparasitics has led to the appearance of resistance in Nematodes, cestodes and protozoa in this animal species. Parasitic resistance can occur intrinsically or acquired. Intrinsic or natural resistance is due to characteristics of the \nparasite that make it insensitive to the effect of the drug. On the other hand, acquired resistance occurs because survivors of drug treatments transfer their resistance genes to their progeny (Sangster & Gill, 2001). Once resistance develops in a parasite population, there is no way to reverse it (Sangster & Gill, 2001). Nematodes in particular, having a high level of genetic diversity \nin their populations, are predisposed to develop resistance and therefore to persist (Kaplan R. M., 2004).\nThe intestinal parasites with the greatest impact on the sports performance of equines correspond to the following families: Anoplocephalinae (Anaplocephala spp), Ascaridae \n(Parascaris equorum), large strongylus; Strongylinae (strongylusspp),small Strongylus (subfamily \nCyathostominae), Oxyuridae (Oxyuris equi), Strongyloididae (Strongyloides westeri) and \nDictyocaulidae (Dictyocaulus arnfieldi). Being able to identify the type of parasites and degree of infection allows evaluating the need to apply or not a treatment, since some parasites such as Strongylus vulgaris are highly pathogenic. The objective of this work was to evaluate the internal \nparasite load and identify the presence of Ectoparasites, in an establishment in which horses are used for sporting purposes and remain in a stable state. An external clinical review and fecal \nmatter samples were taken from 100 horses of Creole, pure Argentine and quarter-mile breeds with ages between 6 and 19 years, two samplings were made, one in the months of February / \nMarch, a second sampling in September / October 2018. For the determination of Ectoparasites, an external clinical review was carried out to detect the presence of lice and lesions produced by \nscabies mites. To evaluate the presence of Oxiuris equi eggs, a perianal sample was taken using the adhesive tape method. The stool samples were collected and kept refrigerated until their \nevaluation in the Parasitology Department of the College of Veterinary Sciences of the UBA. They \nwere evaluated using the eggs per gram of fecal matter (hpg) technique with supersaturated sodium chloride solution, flotation technique, modified McMaster technique and Baerman technique. No eggs of Oxyuris equi, Dictyocaulus arnfieldi and external parasites were found. The results of the hpg for large and small Strongylusshowed in a first sampling carried out in February / March 2018 that 85% of the horses presented parasite loads of 1-500 hpg (+) considered a low \nintensity of infection, 15% of the equines presented 501 to 5000 hpg (++) considered a moderate intensity and 0% of the equines presented more than 5000 hpg (+++) considered a severe intensity or parasite load. In a second sampling carried out in September / October 2018, 66% of the equines presented parasite loads of 1-500 hpg (+), 31% of the equines presented 501 to 5000 hpg (++) and 3% of the equines I present a parasite load> 5001 hpg (+++). Stool cultures were carried out for the identification of larvae, finding small strongylus and were identified by morphology: subfamily Cyathostominae, Cyathostomum A. Negative results in ectoparasites and \nOxyuris equi as well as low hpg values in horses maintained with good management practices \n(removal of fecal matter, daily brushing, adequate feeding) reinforce the importance of the prevention of parasitic diseases that affect sporting equines and the rational use of antiparasitics to avoid resistance. |
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