MINERÍA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO DE CASO

Mining activity brings with it myths that distort reality about its ability to contribute to sustainable development, with two opposing positions existing, one that considers mining as inherently harmful and another that presents it as an engine of economic development. The first maintains that mini...

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Autor principal: Hollmann, María Ayelén
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Facultad de Economía y Administración 2024
Materias:
Non-renewable natural resources
Mining
Extractivism
Environment
Sustainable development
Recursos naturales no renovables
Minería
Extractivismo
Ambiente;
Desarrollo sostenible.
Acceso en línea:https://revele.uncoma.edu.ar/index.php/cuadernos/article/view/5683
Aporte de:
Repositorio de Revistas Electrónicas REVELE (UNComahue) de Universidad Nacional del Comahue
id I22-R128-article-5683
record_format ojs
institution Universidad Nacional del Comahue
institution_str I-22
repository_str R-128
container_title_str Repositorio de Revistas Electrónicas REVELE (UNComahue)
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic Non-renewable natural resources
Mining
Extractivism
Environment
Sustainable development
Recursos naturales no renovables
Minería
Extractivismo
Ambiente;
Desarrollo sostenible.
spellingShingle Non-renewable natural resources
Mining
Extractivism
Environment
Sustainable development
Recursos naturales no renovables
Minería
Extractivismo
Ambiente;
Desarrollo sostenible.
Hollmann, María Ayelén
MINERÍA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO DE CASO
topic_facet Non-renewable natural resources
Mining
Extractivism
Environment
Sustainable development
Recursos naturales no renovables
Minería
Extractivismo
Ambiente;
Desarrollo sostenible.
author Hollmann, María Ayelén
author_facet Hollmann, María Ayelén
author_sort Hollmann, María Ayelén
title MINERÍA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO DE CASO
title_short MINERÍA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO DE CASO
title_full MINERÍA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO DE CASO
title_fullStr MINERÍA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO DE CASO
title_full_unstemmed MINERÍA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO DE CASO
title_sort minería y desarrollo sostenible en argentina. estudio de caso
description Mining activity brings with it myths that distort reality about its ability to contribute to sustainable development, with two opposing positions existing, one that considers mining as inherently harmful and another that presents it as an engine of economic development. The first maintains that mining is harmful in all its aspects, a point ignoring its role in human history and the development of civilizations. Social opposition to mining focuses on the economic and technological characteristics of megamining, especially open pit mining. This modality was consolidated in Argentina after the reforms of the 90s, characterized by a high environmental impact due to the use of explosives and destructive processes that deteriorate the environment and affect nearby communities.In contrast, the second myth presents mining as an “engine of development”, supported by significant investments and high export values. However, research shows that megamining promotes processes of foreignization and concentrations of wealth, limiting its effect on employment. Although a high demand for labor is generated in the initial phases of mining projects, the reality is that for every million dollars invested, between 0.5 and 2 direct jobs are created, which distorts the perception of job stability.Growing Asian demand increased commodity trade in Latin America. While companies benefit from demand, governments increasingly depend on private investment and the rents generated by mining. Multinationals, seeking to maximize profits, have expanded their operational frontier to territories with unexploited natural reserves, causing social conflicts in local communities.At the same time, these extractive industries represent one of the most complex cases in the evaluation of sustainability, given that they involve the management of non-renewable natural resources and generate significant environmental impacts, imposing their logic without consulting local populations. In Argentina, open pit metal exploitation produced significant socio-environmental impacts and the sector faces growing social questioning. This discussion covers the regulation and control mechanisms necessary to evaluate the sustainability of the activity.This article analyzes the Río Colorado Potassium Project (PRC) located on the border of the province of Mendoza and Neuquén, examining its history, background, regulations, conflicts of interest and its apparent upcoming reactivation. Likewise, its social and environmental sustainability is investigated in the context of megamining. The research methodology used has a qualitative and open-type approach. A case study is carried out that, depending on its objective, is descriptive. The research design is non-experimental cross-sectional. Regarding its scope, it is descriptive-analytical. The results show that if properly developed and managed they could constitute an opportunity to promote sustainable development in local communities.
publisher Facultad de Economía y Administración
publishDate 2024
url https://revele.uncoma.edu.ar/index.php/cuadernos/article/view/5683
work_keys_str_mv AT hollmannmariaayelen mineriaydesarrollosostenibleenargentinaestudiodecaso
first_indexed 2025-02-05T23:00:58Z
last_indexed 2025-02-05T23:00:58Z
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spelling I22-R128-article-56832024-12-12T16:38:38Z MINERÍA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN ARGENTINA. ESTUDIO DE CASO Hollmann, María Ayelén Non-renewable natural resources Mining Extractivism Environment Sustainable development Recursos naturales no renovables Minería Extractivismo Ambiente; Desarrollo sostenible. Mining activity brings with it myths that distort reality about its ability to contribute to sustainable development, with two opposing positions existing, one that considers mining as inherently harmful and another that presents it as an engine of economic development. The first maintains that mining is harmful in all its aspects, a point ignoring its role in human history and the development of civilizations. Social opposition to mining focuses on the economic and technological characteristics of megamining, especially open pit mining. This modality was consolidated in Argentina after the reforms of the 90s, characterized by a high environmental impact due to the use of explosives and destructive processes that deteriorate the environment and affect nearby communities.In contrast, the second myth presents mining as an “engine of development”, supported by significant investments and high export values. However, research shows that megamining promotes processes of foreignization and concentrations of wealth, limiting its effect on employment. Although a high demand for labor is generated in the initial phases of mining projects, the reality is that for every million dollars invested, between 0.5 and 2 direct jobs are created, which distorts the perception of job stability.Growing Asian demand increased commodity trade in Latin America. While companies benefit from demand, governments increasingly depend on private investment and the rents generated by mining. Multinationals, seeking to maximize profits, have expanded their operational frontier to territories with unexploited natural reserves, causing social conflicts in local communities.At the same time, these extractive industries represent one of the most complex cases in the evaluation of sustainability, given that they involve the management of non-renewable natural resources and generate significant environmental impacts, imposing their logic without consulting local populations. In Argentina, open pit metal exploitation produced significant socio-environmental impacts and the sector faces growing social questioning. This discussion covers the regulation and control mechanisms necessary to evaluate the sustainability of the activity.This article analyzes the Río Colorado Potassium Project (PRC) located on the border of the province of Mendoza and Neuquén, examining its history, background, regulations, conflicts of interest and its apparent upcoming reactivation. Likewise, its social and environmental sustainability is investigated in the context of megamining. The research methodology used has a qualitative and open-type approach. A case study is carried out that, depending on its objective, is descriptive. The research design is non-experimental cross-sectional. Regarding its scope, it is descriptive-analytical. The results show that if properly developed and managed they could constitute an opportunity to promote sustainable development in local communities. La actividad minera trae aparejados mitos que distorsionan la realidad sobre su capacidad para contribuir al desarrollo sostenible, existiendo dos posturas opuestas, una que considera la minería como inherentemente perjudicial y otra que la presenta como un motor de desarrollo económico. El primero sostiene que la minería es perjudicial en todos sus aspectos, en un punto ignorando su papel en la historia humana y el desarrollo de las civilizaciones. La oposición social a la minería se centra en las características económicas y tecnológicas de la megaminería, especialmente aquella a cielo abierto. Esta modalidad se consolidó en Argentina tras las reformas de los años 90, caracterizándose por un alto impacto ambiental debido al uso de explosivos y procesos destructivos que deterioran el entorno y afectan las comunidades cercanas.En contraste, el segundo mito presenta la minería como un “motor de desarrollo”, sustentado en las inversiones significativas y en los altos valores de exportación. Sin embargo, investigaciones demuestran que la megaminería propicia procesos de extranjerización y concentraciones de riqueza, limitando su efecto en el empleo. Aunque en las fases iniciales de los proyectos mineros se genera una demanda alta de mano de obra, la realidad es que por cada millón de dólares invertidos se crean entre 0,5 y 2 empleos directos, lo que distorsiona la percepción de estabilidad laboral.La creciente demanda asiática aumentó el comercio de commodities en América Latina. Mientras las empresas se benefician de la demanda, los gobiernos dependen cada vez más de la inversión privada y de las rentas generadas por la minería. Las multinacionales, en busca de maximizar ganancias, han expandido su frontera operativa a territorios con reservas naturales sin explotar, provocando conflictos sociales en las comunidades locales.Paralelamente, estas industrias extractivas representan uno de los casos más complejos en la evaluación de la sostenibilidad, dado que implican la gestión de recursos naturales no renovables y generan impactos ambientales significativos, imponiendo sus lógicas sin consultar a las poblaciones locales. En Argentina, la explotación metalífera a cielo abierto produjo impactos socioambientales significativos y el sector enfrenta un creciente cuestionamiento social. Esta discusión abarca la regulación y los mecanismos de control necesarios para evaluar la sostenibilidad de la actividad.Este artículo analiza el Proyecto Potasio Río Colorado (PRC) ubicado en el límite de la provincia Mendoza con la de Neuquén, examinando su historia, antecedentes, normativa, conflictos de interés y su aparente próxima reactivación. Asimismo, se investiga su sostenibilidad social y ambiental en el contexto de la megaminería. La metodología de investigación utilizada tiene un enfoque cualitativo y de tipo abierto. Se realiza un estudio de caso que, en función de su objetivo, es descriptivo. El diseño de la investigación es no experimental transversal. En cuanto a su alcance, es de tipo descriptivo-analítico. Los resultados evidencian que de ser adecuadamente desarrollado y gestionado podría constituir una oportunidad para promover el desarrollo sostenible en las comunidades locales. Facultad de Economía y Administración 2024-12-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://revele.uncoma.edu.ar/index.php/cuadernos/article/view/5683 Research Notebooks. Economics Series; No. 13 (2024); 56-72 Cuadernos de Investigación. Serie Economía; Núm. 13 (2024); 56-72 2408-4654 1668-6152 spa https://revele.uncoma.edu.ar/index.php/cuadernos/article/view/5683/62562 Derechos de autor 2024 Cuadernos de Investigación. Serie Economía https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/

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