Omicron Waves in Argentina: Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Lineages BA.1, BA.2 and the Emerging BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/BA.5

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The COVID-19 pandemic has lately been driven by Omicron. This work aimed to study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages during the third and fourth waves of COVID-19 in Argentina. Molecular surveillance was performed on 3431 samples from Argentina, between EW44/2021 and EW31/2022. Sequencin...

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Autores principales: Torres, Carolina, Nabaes Jodar, Mercedes, Acuña, Dolores, Zambrana Montaño, Romina Micaela, Culasso, Andrés Carlos Alberto, Amadio, Ariel Fernando, Aulicino, Paula, Ceballos, Santiago, Cacciabue, Marco, Debat, Humberto, Dus Santos, María José, Eberhardt, María Florencia, Espul, Carlos, Fay, Fabián, Fernández, María Ailén, Fernández, Franco, Fernandez Muñoz, Juan Manuel, Ferrini, Florencia, Gallego, Fernando, Giri, Adriana Angélica, Cerri, Agustina, Bolatti, Elisa María, Gismondi, María Ines, Goya, Stephanie, Gramundi, Iván, Irazoqui, José Matías, König, Guido Alberto, Leiva, Viviana, Lucero, Horacio, Marquez, Nathalie, Nardi, Cristina, Ortiz, Belén, Pianciola, Luis, Pintos, Carolina Beatriz, Puebla, Andrea Fabiana, Rastellini, Carolina Victoria, Rojas, Alejandro Ezequiel, Sfalcin, Javier, Suárez, Ariel, Tittarelli, Estefanía, Toro, Rosana, Villanova, Gabriela Vanina, Ziehm, María Cecilia, Zimmermann, María Carla, Zunino, Sebastián, Proyecto PAIS Working Group, Valinotto, Laura, Viegas, Mariana
Formato: article artículo publishedVersion
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
SARS-CoV-2
Omicron
South America
BA.1
BA.2
BA.4
BA.5
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/2133/25429
http://hdl.handle.net/2133/25429
Aporte de:
Repositorio Hipermedial de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR) de Universidad Nacional de Rosario
Descripción
Sumario:The COVID-19 pandemic has lately been driven by Omicron. This work aimed to study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages during the third and fourth waves of COVID-19 in Argentina. Molecular surveillance was performed on 3431 samples from Argentina, between EW44/2021 and EW31/2022. Sequencing, phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses were performed. A differential dynamic between the Omicron waves was found. The third wave was associated with lineage BA.1, characterized by a high number of cases, very fast displacement of Delta, doubling times of 3.3 days and a low level of lineage diversity and clustering. In contrast, the fourth wave was longer but associated with a lower number of cases, initially caused by BA.2, and later by BA.4/BA.5, with doubling times of about 10 days. Several BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5 sublineages and introductions were detected, although very few clusters with a constrained geographical distribution were observed, suggesting limited transmission chains. The differential dynamic could be due to waning immunity and an increase in population gatherings in the BA.1 wave, and a boosted population (for vaccination or recent prior immunity for BA.1 infection) in the wave caused by BA2/BA.4/BA.5, which may have limited the establishment of the new lineages.

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