Early detection of lung cancer, screening program proposal for the province of Córdoba, Argentina
Lung cancer is one of the most frequent neoplasms and it represents the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Mortality is closely related to the stage of the disease at the moment of diagnosis, which shows that the survival rate when it is diagnosed and treated at an early stage is close to 100...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
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Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
2023
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/42747 |
| Aporte de: |
| Sumario: | Lung cancer is one of the most frequent neoplasms and it represents the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Mortality is closely related to the stage of the disease at the moment of diagnosis, which shows that the survival rate when it is diagnosed and treated at an early stage is close to 100%, as opposed to survival rates of less than 20% when diagnosed at advanced stages. Recently, it has been proved that screening in high-risk patients using low-dose tomography significantly increases the early detection and decreases the mortality from disease-related causes. Hence the importance of the development of screening programs for lung cancer, currently missing as a public health strategy in Argentina. The aim of this writing is to introduce the design of a screening program for lung cancer based on the latest international evidence-based recommendations, articulating the different resources currently available in the province of Córdoba, so as to detect lung cancer early in the population at high risk of developing the disease.
A screening program was developed following level 1a evidence recommendations based on randomised clinical trials. The proposal consists of low-dose scanning patients over 50 years old who are smokers or former smokers, with a pack/year smoking rate ≥ 20. Symptomatic patients or patients with comorbidities that contraindicate the possibility of treatment with curative intent are excluded.
A total of 2643 articles were systematically analysed. After searching by title, abstract and full text, they were reduced to a number of 24 studies, most of which were controlled clinical trials. The results of these articles were extracted and used for the definition of the high-risk groups and for the recommendations of the different interventions that make up the proposed program.
Lung cancer has a high prevalence and mortality rate, which represents a public health issue. Following recommendations with a high level of evidence, a screening program has been developed. It articulates the current resources of the province to be implemented at a local, provincial and regional level. |
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